Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a CO2 removal apparatus that prevents release of an amine compound of an absorbing solution from a CO2 absorption device. The CO2 removal apparatus includes a desorption column 13 that heats and regenerates an amine compound aqueous solution discharged from a decarbonator 1 making counterflow contact of a combustion exhaust gas and an amine compound aqueous solution; and reflux means that refluxes an amine compound aqueous solution regenerated in the desorption column 13 to the decarbonator 1 via a cooler 19. A contact section that makes counterflow contact of reflux water of the desorption column 13 and a CO2-removed combustion exhaust gas is formed in two stages, and the cooler 19 on the downstream side of the desorption column is also formed in two stages. Reflux water from the first stage cooler is supplied to the first stage contact section, and reflux water from the second stage cooler is supplied to the second stage contact section.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating an exhaust gas containing CO2, that can adjust the concentration of an oxidation inhibitor in an absorbent to the concentration enough to inhibit oxidation, without measuring the concentration of the oxidation inhibitor in an alkanolamine contained in a CO2 absorbent. Disclosed are a method and a device for adjusting the compositional ratio of an absorbent, in which absorption and release of carbon dioxide are performed by adding an oxidation inhibitor to an alkanolamine absorbent when the sum of the concentrations of ammonia and an alkylamine in an absorber column outlet gas of a CO2 absorption equipment.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to solve these problems and to provide a exhaust gas treatment system which prevents formation of deposits in a main duct and a flue, on and after the point where the exhaust gases converge, after the removal of CO2 and reduces labor required for maintenance such as cleaning, and thus enabling a long-term operation.

Abstract: A method of recovering carbon dioxide, includes bringing gas to be processed containing carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen into contact with the CO2-absorbing solution in an absorption column to form a CO2-rich solution; circulating the solution in a regeneration column to thermally release and recover CO2 and recirculating the absorbing solution as a CO2-poor solution inside the absorption column; and performing heat exchange between the solution being delivered from the absorption column to the regeneration column and the solution recirculated from the regeneration column to the absorption column, wherein an alkanolamine aqueous solution containing a silicone oil and/or an organosulfur compound is added to the solution inside the absorption column and/or the solution recirculated from the regeneration column to the absorption column to adjust the composition of the absorbing solution inside the absorption column.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a CO2 removal apparatus that prevents release of an amine compound of an absorbing solution from a CO2 absorption device. The CO2 removal apparatus includes a desorption column 13 that heats and regenerates an amine compound aqueous solution discharged from a decarbonator 1 making counterflow contact of a combustion exhaust gas and an amine compound aqueous solution; and reflux means that refluxes an amine compound aqueous solution regenerated in the desorption column 13 to the decarbonator 1 via a cooler 19. A contact section that makes counterflow contact of reflux water of the desorption column 13 and a CO2-removed combustion exhaust gas is formed in two stages, and the cooler 19 on the downstream side of the desorption column is also formed in two stages. Reflux water from the first stage cooler is supplied to the first stage contact section, and reflux water from the second stage cooler is supplied to the second stage contact section.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating an exhaust gas containing CO2, that can adjust the concentration of an oxidation inhibitor in an absorbent to the concentration enough to inhibit oxidation, without measuring the concentration of the oxidation inhibitor in an alkanolamine contained in a CO2 absorbent. Disclosed are a method and a device for adjusting the compositional ratio of an absorbent, in which absorption and release of carbon dioxide are performed by adding an oxidation inhibitor to an alkanolamine absorbent when the sum of the concentrations of ammonia and an alkylamine in an absorber column outlet gas of a CO2 absorption equipment.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to solve these problems and to provide a exhaust gas treatment system which prevents formation of deposits in a main duct and a flue, on and after the point where the exhaust gases converge, after the removal of CO2 and reduces labor required for maintenance such as cleaning, and thus enabling a long-term operation.

Abstract: A method of recovering carbon dioxide, including bringing gas to be processed containing carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen into contact with the CO2-absorbing solution according to Claim 1 in an absorption column to form a CO2-rich solution; subsequently circulating the solution in a regeneration column to thermally release and recover CO2 and recirculating the absorbing solution as a CO2-poor solution inside the absorption column; and performing heat exchange between the solution being delivered from the absorption column to the regeneration column and the solution recirculated from the regeneration column to the absorption column, wherein an alkanolamine aqueous solution containing a silicone oil and/or an organosulfur compound represented by the Formula (A) or (B) is added to the solution inside the absorption column and/or the solution recirculated from the regeneration column to the absorption column to adjust the composition of the absorbing solution inside the absorption column so as to include the alkan

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for treating an effluent containing ammonia in which method and apparatus N2O concentration in the gas at the outlet of a catalyst tower does not rise to a high level even when the NH3 concentration in the effluent was reduced and the amount of hazardous substances formed is small; in the method and apparatus, an NH3-containing effluent A and a carrier gas (steam C and combustion gas F) are contacted in stripping tower 7 to transfer the NH3 from the NH3-containing effluent to a gas phase, the gas containing the generated NH3 is heated with pre-heater 19 and then contacted with catalyst layer 13 placed in catalyst tower 12 to decompose the NH3 into nitrogen and water; and at that time, the oxygen concentration in the gas to be introduced into catalyst tower 12 and the N2O concentration in the gas discharged from catalyst tower 12 are determined by measuring instruments 21 and 22, respectively, and the oxygen concentration in the gas to be introduced into catalyst tower 1

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for treating an ammonia-containing effluent in which the amount of hazardous substances such as NOx formed at the time of starting the operation of the apparatus or even at the time when the concentration of ammonia (NH3) in the gas to be subjected to an NH3 decomposing step (described below) was changed is extremely small; in which method an NH3-containing effluent A and vapor (carrier gas) C are contacted in stripping tower 7 to transfer the NH3 from the effluent to a gas phase, a gas containing the NH3 stripped in the tower is heated with pre-heater 1 and then contacted with catalyst 13 to decompose the NH3 into nitrogen and water, the concentration of the NOx (or N2O) contained in the gas resulted at the NH3 decomposing step is determined, and one or more of parameters (a) the amount of the effluent to be supplied to the stripping step, (b) the concentration of the NH3 contained in the effluent, and (c) the flow rate of the NH3-containing gas contacted with the cataly

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for treating an effluent containing ammonia in which method and apparatus N2O concentration in the gas at the outlet of a catalyst tower does not rise to a high level even when the NH3 concentration in the effluent was reduced and the amount of hazardous substances formed is small; in the method and apparatus, an NH3-containing effluent A and a carrier gas (steam C and combustion gas F) are contacted in stripping tower 7 to transfer the NH3 from the NH3-containing effluent to a gas phase, the gas containing the generated NH3 is heated with pre-heater 19 and then contacted with catalyst layer 13 placed in catalyst tower 12 to decompose the NH3 into nitrogen and water; and at that time, the oxygen concentration in the gas to be introduced into catalyst tower 12 and the N2O concentration in the gas discharged from catalyst tower 12 are determined by measuring instruments 21 and 22, respectively, and the oxygen concentration in the gas to be introduced into catalyst tower 1

Abstract: A wet-type flue gas desulfurization method and plant making use of a solid desulfurizing agent in which exhaust gas exhausted from a combustion apparatus such as a boiler is brought into contact with absorbing liquid to absorb sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas into the absorbing liquid followed by neutralization of the absorbing liquid containing the sulfur oxide thus absorbed. The solid desulfurizing agent is selectively retained in an absorbing liquid neutralizing zone and the absorbing liquid, containing water as a main constituent and solid products formed from the absorbed sulfur oxide, is selectively removed from the neutralizing zone. In the neutralizing zone the upward flow of the absorbing liquid, optionally augmented by an upward flow of air or water, forms a fluidized bed of limestone particles, thereby preventing coating of the limestone by gypsum and thereby retaining reactivity of limestone.

Abstract: A wet-type flue gas desulfurization method and plant making use of a solid desulfurizing agent in which exhaust gas exhausted from a combustion apparatus such as a boiler is brought into contact with absorbing liquid to absorb sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas into the absorbing liquid followed by neutralization of the absorbing liquid containing the sulfur oxide thus absorbed. The solid desulfurizing agent is selectively retained in an absorbing liquid neutralizing zone and the absorbing liquid, containing water as a main constituent and solid products formed from the absorbed sulfur oxide, is selectively removed from the neutralizing zone. In the neutralizing zone the upward flow of the absorbing liquid, optionally augmented by an upward flow of air or water, forms a fluidized bed of limestone particles, thereby preventing coating of the limestone by gypsum and thereby retaining reactivity of limestone.

Abstract: Exhaust gas from combustion equipment such as a boiler is brought into contact with an absorbing liquid to absorb sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas into the absorbing liquid. Limestone particles having larger diameters are selectively retained in a zone wherein the absorbing liquid that has absorbed the sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas is neutralized. The absorbing liquid containing water and the gypsum thereby formed, as main constituents, are selectively drained from the neutralizing zone and recycled for renewed contact with the exhaust gas. Because of the possibility of a large decrease of desulfurizing performance due to a variation in the load on the boiler, etc., at least one of the following is monitored: pressure drop across the neutralizing zone, torque of a stirring device, solids concentration in the absorbing liquid, specific gravity of the absorbing liquid and viscosity of the absorbing liquid. Responsive to the monitored parameters outlet SO.sub.

Abstract: A wet-type flue gas desulfurization method and plant making use of a solid desulfurizing agent in which exhaust gas exhausted from a combustion apparatus such as a boiler is brought into contact with absorbing liquid to absorb sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas into the absorbing liquid followed by neutralization of the absorbing liquid containing the sulfur oxide thus absorbed. The solid desulfurizing agent is selectively retained in an absorbing liquid neutralizing zone and the absorbing liquid, containing water as a main constituent and solid products formed from the absorbed sulfur oxide, is selectively removed from the neutralizing zone. In the neutralizing zone the upward flow of the absorbing liquid, optionally augmented by an upward flow of air or water, forms a fluidized bed of limestone particles, thereby preventing coating of the limestone by gypsum and thereby retaining reactivity of limestone.

Abstract: An elongated absorber housing, including an inlet duct and an outlet duct, is integrally provided on an upper portion of a circulation tank. The absorber is a self-supporting structure supported by only the circulation tank. At least the furthest upstream spraying stage in a spraying zone in the inlet duct includes spray pipes provided with spray nozzles for spraying an absorbing liquid in a direction cocurrent with gas flow, and at least the furthest downstream spraying stage includes spray nozzles for spraying the absorbing liquid in a direction countercurrent to the gas flow. The absorber is an integral structure in which the upper portion of the circulation tank forms a part of the duct, whereby the absorber is self-supportable and, moreover, is of a simple structure, giving it high strength and eliminating of the need for provision of fitments for supporting the absorber.

Abstract: CO is recovered from a CO-containing gas by contacting a CO-containing gas with a non-aqueous CO-absorbing solution comprising 3 to 6 moles/l of hexametaphosphateamine, 1 to 4 moles/l of cuprous chloride, 0.1 to 1% by weight of water and an organic solvent, thereby absorbing CO into the CO-absorbing solution from the CO-containing gas, and then atomizing the CO-absorbed solution, thereby stripping CO from the CO-absorbed solution and obtaining a CO gas, while recycling the CO-freed absorbing solution to the absorption of CO from the CO-containing gas with remarkable reduction in the corrosion rate on apparatus materials without impairing the CO absorption, and use of a two-fluid, simultaneous atomizing means for atomizing the CO-absorbed solution together with the vapor of the organic solvent can improve the CO stripping rate, and reduce the CO recovery cost.

Abstract: The present invention provides a desulfurizing agent comprising a porous oxide carrier, at least one of molybdenum oxide and tungsten oxide as a first component, supported on the carrier, and at least one of manganese oxide, cobalt oxide and nickel oxide as a second component, supported mainly on the surface of the first component. In a coal gasification system using the present desulfurizing agent and a power generation system using the purified gas therefrom, a reduction column for converting a portion of sulfur dioxide in the regenerated gas to hydrogen sulfide as a pretreatment means to a Claus reaction column can be eliminated when the desulfurizing agent is regenerated.

Abstract: A fluidized bed combustor wherein a combustion chamber and a regeneration chamber are both contained in a single hollow body is provided. These two chambers are formed by vertically partitioning the body by a partition wall, which has an upper opening and a lower one, and also each have a perforated plate at the bottom part thereof on which a heat transfer medium containing a desulfurizing agent is placed and fluidized. The desulfurizing agent is transferred from the combustion chamber through the lower opening to the regeneration chamber and circulated by overflow through the upper opening again to the combustion chamber. Various modifications of the above-mentioned fundamental embodiment are proposed. Combustion and desulfurization are automatically and effectively carried out in a single apparatus to give a high percentage desulfurization, make the apparatus compact, and reduce the initial cost and the running cost thereof.

Abstract: A process for producing an oxygen-containing organic compound by oxidizing olefins under milder conditions is provided, which process comprises oxidizing an olefin activated by its complex formation, in the presence of a platinum group metal complex capable of forming an olefin complex through coordination of the platinum group metal with said olefin, and also in the presence of water, and further oxidizing and regenerating the resulting reduced platinum group metal complex with oxygen coordinated with a transition metal and activated thereby.