Abstract: A power window driving control device formed of a measuring device which measures time elapsed since closing of a window glass has been designated by a switch, a sensor which detects a completely closed state of the window glass, a current detecting device which detects that current flowing to a motor when the window glass is being closed exceeds a predetermined value, and a driving control device which effects one of stopping the motor and stopping the motor after driving the motor reversely for a predetermined time, in at least one of a first state, in which the current detecting device detects that the current flowing to the motor exceeds the predetermined value and in which the completely closed state of the window glass is not detected by the sensor, and a second state, in which the time elapsed since closing of the window glass was designated exceeds a predetermined time.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining emergency conditions of a vehicle including: an acceleration sensor which detects the acceleration of a vehicle and an operation-signal generating apparatus which establishes a signal level based on the signal outputted from the acceleration sensor in a circuit established in accordance with the kind of vehicle collision and which outputs a signal for actuating a passenger safety device when the established signal level exceeds a reference value which is predetermined according to the kind of vehicle collision. This allows the passenger safety device to be actuated at a suitable time according to vehicle collision.

Abstract: A semiconductor silicon single-crystal substrate is used in which the crystallographic axes are inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to a normal to a thicknesswise face of the semiconductor silicon single-crystal substrate. A conductive-type epitaxial layer is grown on this semiconductor silicon single-crystal substrate to a predetermined thickness such that the direction of the crystallographic axes of the conductive-type epitaxial layer coincides with the direction of the crystallographic axes of the semiconductor silicon single-crystal substrate. Accordingly, since side surfaces of a cavity portion provided in the semiconductor silicon single-crystal substrate by the etching of the substrate, i.e., side walls of the semiconductor silicon single-crystal substrate provided respectively in the longitudinal direction of a diaphragm, are each formed at an angle of 90.degree. with respect to the thicknesswise lower surface of the conductive-type epitaxial layer.

Abstract: An object contact pattern observation apparatus includes a prism body having a detection portion and a light absorbing portion located in such positions that any light transmitted through the prism body when no object is in contact with the detection portion. When an object is in contact with the detection portion, light from a light source radiated through the prism body to illuminate the detection portion is reflected therefrom as a visible contact image. The visible contact image is focused on a light recording device by a lens.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting a light-transmissible foreign object, such as a raindrop, attached on a transparent body, such as a windowglass of a vehicle includes a light source, a light receiving unit disposed on the inside of the transparent body, and a prism fixedly attached on the transparent body on the inside thereof and arranged in a manner so that the light emitted toward the transparent body from the light source is caused to advance through the prism to reach the light receiving unit and that the quantity of light received by the light receiving unit changes when a light-transmissible foreign object attaches on the outside of the transparent body. The prism includes a restriction surface for preventing external light which enters the prism through the transparent body from coming into the light receiving unit.