Abstract: [Object] An object is to provide a statistical acoustic model adaptation method capable of efficient adaptation of an acoustic model using DNN with training data under a specific condition and achieving higher accuracy. [Solution] A method of speaker adaptation of an acoustic model using DNN includes the steps of: storing speech data 90 to 98 of different speakers separately in a first storage device; preparing speaker-by-speaker hidden layer modules 112 to 120; performing preliminary learning of all layers 42, 44, 110, 48, 50, 52 and 54 of a DNN 80 by switching and selecting the speech data 90 to 98 while dynamically replacing a specific layer 110 with hidden layer modules 112 to 120 corresponding to the selected speech data; replacing the specific layer 110 of the DNN that has completed the preliminary learning with an initial hidden layer; and training the DNN with speech data of a specific speaker while fixing parameters of layers other than the initial hidden layer.

Abstract: Provided is a DNN learning method that can reduce DNN learning time using data belonging to a plurality of categories. The method includes the steps of training a language-independent sub-network 120 and language-dependent sub-networks 122 and 124 with training data of Japanese and English. This step includes: a first step of training a DNN obtained by connecting neurons in an output layer of the sub-network 120 with neurons in an input layer of sub-network 122 with Japanese training data; a step of forming a DNN by connecting the sub-network 124 in place of the sub-network 122 to the sub-network 120 and training it with English data; repeating these steps alternately until all training data ends; and after completion, separating the first sub-network 120 from other sub-networks and storing it as a category-independent sub-network in a storage medium.

Abstract: [Object] An object is to provide a statistical acoustic model adaptation method capable of efficient adaptation of an acoustic model using DNN with training data under a specific condition and achieving higher accuracy. [Solution] A method of speaker adaptation of an acoustic model using DNN includes the steps of: storing speech data 90 to 98 of different speakers separately in a first storage device; preparing speaker-by-speaker hidden layer modules 112 to 120; performing preliminary learning of all layers 42, 44, 110, 48, 50, 52 and 54 of a DNN 80 by switching and selecting the speech data 90 to 98 while dynamically replacing a specific layer 110 with hidden layer modules 112 to 120 corresponding to the selected speech data; replacing the specific layer 110 of the DNN that has completed the preliminary learning with an initial hidden layer; and training the DNN with speech data of a specific speaker while fixing parameters of layers other than the initial hidden layer.

Abstract: Provided is a DNN learning method that can reduce DNN learning time using data belonging to a plurality of categories. The method includes the steps of training a language-independent sub-network 120 and language-dependent sub-networks 122 and 124 with training data of Japanese and English. This step includes: a first step of training a DNN obtained by connecting neurons in an output layer of the sub-network 120 with neurons in an input layer of sub-network 122 with Japanese training data; a step of forming a DNN by connecting the sub-network 124 in place of the sub-network 122 to the sub-network 120 and training it with English data; repeating these steps alternately until all training data ends; and after completion, separating the first sub-network 120 from other sub-networks and storing it as a category-independent sub-network in a storage medium.

Abstract: A method of forming a film composed of a phosphate compound and a metal on the surface of an article to be treated by performing electrolytic treatment on a metal article to be treated in a phosphate chemical treatment bath. The method includes contacting the metal article having electrical conductivity with the phosphate chemical treatment bath containing phosphate ions and phosphoric acid, nitrate ions, metal ions that form a complex with phosphate ions in the phosphate chemical treatment bath, and metal ions for which the dissolution-precipitation equilibrium potential at which ions dissolved in the phosphate chemical treatment bath are reduced and precipitate as metal is equal to or greater than ?830 mV. The (oxidation-reduction potential) of the phosphate chemical treatment bath is maintained at equal to or greater than 700 mV.

Abstract: A technology which can realize a high-performance multiband operation in a compact circuit configuration and is advantageous for a wireless terminal of GSM system for which the further increase of the demands is expected in the future is provided. Provided is a multiband switch type antenna duplexer adopted in a mobile phone used in TDMA system such as the GSM system, in which the signals of respectively different first to fourth frequency bands (GSM 850, EGSM, DCS, PCS) share a single antenna, wherein switching elements such as receive filters and diodes are combined in various ways to perform the high-performance band switch with the minimum number of switching elements. The circuit of this antenna duplexer can realize not only the size reduction of the multiband switch antenna duplexer but also the size reduction and performance improvement of the wireless terminal itself.

Abstract: A technology which can realize a high-performance multiband operation in a compact circuit configuration and is advantageous for a wireless terminal of GSM system for which the further increase of the demands is expected in the future is provided. Provided is a multiband switch type antenna duplexer adopted in a mobile phone used in TDMA system such as the GSM system, in which the signals of respectively different first to fourth frequency bands (GSM 850, EGSM, DCS, PCS) share a single antenna, wherein switching elements such as receive filters and diodes are combined in various ways to perform the high-performance band switch with the minimum number of switching elements. The circuit of this antenna duplexer can realize not only the size reduction of the multiband switch antenna duplexer but also the size reduction and performance improvement of the wireless terminal itself.

Abstract: A technology which can realize a high-performance multiband operation in a compact circuit configuration and is advantageous for a wireless terminal of GSM system for which the further increase of the demands is expected in the future is provided. Provided is a multiband switch type antenna duplexer adopted in a mobile phone used in TDMA system such as the GSM system, in which the signals of respectively different first to fourth frequency bands (GSM 850, EGSM, DCS, PCS) share a single antenna, wherein switching elements such as receive filters and diodes are combined in various ways to perform the high-performance band switch with the minimum number of switching elements. The circuit of this antenna duplexer can realize not only the size reduction of the multiband switch antenna duplexer but also the size reduction and performance improvement of the wireless terminal itself.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrolytic phosphating treatment method that forms a film by causing a large current to flow at a voltage as low as possible and can improve efficiency. Namely, the invention provides an electrolytic phosphating treatment method for forming a film containing a metal precipitating from a nitrate, and a phosphate, by executing electrolysis between a metal that is the same as a metal of a nitrate of a treatment bath as an electrode and a work by using a D.C. power source, the treatment bath comprising phosphoric acid, zinc, iron or manganese as a metal capable of dissociating phosphoric acid and dissolving in phosphoric acid, and a solution dissolving a nitrate of a metal to become a film component, wherein anions other than nitrate ions and metal ions other than the metal ions to become the film component are present at not greater than 0.

Abstract: This invention provides a phosphating process that can form a film suitable for a cold forging foundation within 60 seconds and preferably 30 seconds or less. The process uses a treatment bath that is formed of a phosphate ion solution (H2PO4?+Zn2+), made by dissolving zinc in phosphoric acid, contains phosphoric acid (H3PO4), phosphate ions, zinc ions and nitrate ions, may contain at least one kind of metal ion selected from the group consisting of nickel ions, cobalt ions, copper ions, manganese ions and iron ions, and further contains 0.5 g/l or below of metal ions other than the film forming components. The process involves electrolytic treatment by applying a voltage between a metal as a positive electrode and a treated article as a negative electrode and forms a phosphate film on the surface of the treated article.

Abstract: The present invention provides means for recovering and reusing useful component ions in electrolytic phosphate chemical treatment bath without subjecting them to waste water treatment. In the present invention, a phosphate chemical treatment bath which contains phosphate ions and phosphoric acid, metal ions that form a phosphate crystal to provide a film, metal ions that are reduced from cations in the solution to form a film as metals, and ions that are involved in the reaction of the above-mentioned phosphoric acid and various metal ions to form a film, but which does not substantially contain ions that are not involved in film formation, is used as the phosphate chemical treatment bath.

Abstract: In a process for forming an alignment film on a substrate that is used for a liquid crystal display, a coating destined to be the alignment film is formed on one surface of the substrate, and a gas flow is formed by a nozzle on a surface side on which the coating is formed. By thus implementing, an uniform alignment film can be formed on the substrate for use in the liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A radio frequency filter that can be miniaturized is provided. The radio frequency filter has a ladder-type resonator filter, a first terminal, a second terminal, a serial capacitance, a parallel capacitance, a serial inductance, and a parallel inductance. In the ladder-type resonator filter, a plurality of first surface acoustic wave resonators or first film bulk acoustic resonators are connected in a ladder circuit configuration. The serial inductance and the parallel capacitance are connected between the ladder-type resonator filter and the first terminal. The serial capacitance and the parallel inductance are connected between the ladder-type resonator filter and the second terminal.

Abstract: The present invention provides means for recovering and reusing useful component ions in electrolytic phosphate chemical treatment bath without subjecting them to waste water treatment. In the present invention, a phosphate chemical treatment bath which contains phosphate ions and phosphoric acid, metal ions that form a phosphate crystal to provide a film, metal ions that are reduced from cations in the solution to form a film as metals, and ions that are involved in the reaction of the above-mentioned phosphoric acid and various metal ions to form a film, but which does not substantially contain ions that are not involved in film formation, is used as the phosphate chemical treatment bath.

Abstract: In a process for forming an alignment film on a substrate that is used for a liquid crystal display, a coating destined to be the alignment film is formed on one surface of the substrate, and a gas flow is formed by a nozzle on a surface side on which the coating is formed. By thus implementing, an uniform alignment film can be formed on the substrate for use in the liquid crystal display.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic phosphate chemical treatment method capable of improving the reaction efficiency on a metal surface (interface) by preventing the reaction in the solution phase so as to reliably prevent sludge formation during continuous treatment.

Abstract: A radio frequency filter that can be miniaturized is provided. The radio frequency filter has a ladder-type resonator filter, a first terminal, a second terminal, a serial capacitance, a parallel capacitance, a serial inductance, and a parallel inductance. In the ladder-type resonator filter, a plurality of first surface acoustic wave resonators or first film bulk acoustic resonators are connected in a ladder circuit configuration. The serial inductance and the parallel capacitance are connected between the ladder-type resonator filter and the first terminal. The serial capacitance and the parallel inductance are connected between the ladder-type resonator filter and the second terminal.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of forming a phosphate chemical treatment film which is efficient and allows a high-quality chemical film to be obtained, by which a substance to be treated is subjected to electrolytic treatment while removing the sludge, which consists of impurities other than the unavoidable impurities in the phosphate chemical treatment bath. According to this method, an adequate phosphate chemical treatment film may be formed onto any type of metal material, to provide phosphate chemical treatment films having thicknesses not obtainable by the prior art.

Abstract: A process for a chemical treatment with a phosphate by bringing a steel material into contact with a phosphate chemical treatment bath maintained at 40.degree. C. or less and containing a phosphate ion, a nitrate ion, a chemical film formable metal ion and an oxidizing agent, to cause a film formation reaction between the phosphate chemical treatment bath and the steel material, whereby a phosphate chemical film is formed on the surface of the steel, wherein a circulation path for withdrawing a portion of the phosphate chemical treatment bath and returning the withdrawn phosphate chemical treatment bath to the bath is provided, and a filter comprising an inorganic material composed of SiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is provided in the circulation path, of which filter not only enables sludge from the phosphate chemical treating solution to be physically removed but also prevents changes the chemical structure in the form of a solution.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant phosphate chemical conversion coating layer is formed on a steel material surface by a process comprising bringing the steel material into contact with a treatment liquid containing mixed anions consisting of phosphate ions and at least one other type of active anions, at least one type of metal ions, and an oxidizing agent, to provide a phosphate chemical conversion coating layer on the surface of the steel material, wherein the ratio (P/An) in weight of the phosphate ions (P) to the total of mixed anions (An) is 1/2 or less and the temperature of the treatment liquid is maintained at a level of 40.degree. C. or less without external heating.