Abstract: An aspect of the present invention is a communication system including: an encoding unit configured to transform an input symbol sequence into an output symbol sequence, the input symbol sequence being a sequence of first symbols, the output symbol sequence being a sequence of second symbols; and a decoding unit configured to transform the output symbol sequence into the input symbol sequence in accordance with a decoding-side transformation mapping for transforming the output symbol sequence into the input symbol sequence that is a transformation source for the output symbol sequence, wherein the encoding unit transforms the input symbol sequence into the output symbol sequence in accordance with encoding-side transformation destination candidate information, the input symbol sequence, and a transformation probability, the encoding-side transformation destination candidate information being information indicating candidates of a transformation destination for the input symbol sequence, the transformation pro

Abstract: An adenovirus comprising an E1A polypeptide comprising one or more modifications and comprising an E4orf6/7 polypeptide comprising one or more modifications is described. Compositions and kits comprising the modified adenoviruses are also described. Further described is a method of treating a proliferative disorder in a subject comprising administering to the subject an adenovirus comprising the E1A polypeptide comprising one or more modifications and comprising the E4orf6/7 polypeptide comprising one or more modifications.

Abstract: An adenovirus comprising an E1A polypeptide comprising one or more modifications and comprising an E4orf6/7 polypeptide comprising one or more modifications is described. Compositions and kits comprising the modified adenoviruses are also described. Further described is a method of treating a proliferative disorder in a subject comprising administering to the subject an adenovirus comprising the E1A polypeptide comprising one or more modifications and comprising the E4orf6/7 polypeptide comprising one or more modifications.

Abstract: Tumor-selective recombinant adenoviruses that possess deletions or modifications in the E3 region are described. Recombinant adenoviruses that express adenovirus death protein (ADP) but have a deletion of at least three of the remaining six E3 genes exhibit enhanced virus replication. The recombinant adenoviruses further include additional modifications to allow selective replication in tumor cells and to detarget viruses from the liver. Use of the recombinant adenoviruses for cancer treatment is described.

Abstract: The invention provides RNA replicons useful for administering a heterologous protein or peptide into a mammal and eliciting a reduced immune response or no immune response from the mammal. The RNA replicons have RNA sequences encoding for a heterologous protein or peptide, New World alphavirus nonstructural proteins nsP1, nsP2, and nsP4; and an alphavirus nsP3 protein macro domain, central domain, and hypervariable domain. The encoded hypervariable domain can have an amino acid sequence derived from an Old World alphavirus nsP3 hypervariable domain; or can have an amino acid sequence derived from a portion of a New World alphavirus nsP3 hypervariable domain, and another portion derived from an Old World alphavirus nsP3 hypervariable domain.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for retargeting adenovirus to a cell using chemical dimers are described. In particular, a recombinant adenovirus comprising a nucleic acid comprising a capsid-dimerizing agent binder conjugate and a ligand-dimerizing agent binder conjugate is provided.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for retargeting adenovirus to a cell using chemical dimers are described. In particular, a recombinant adenovirus comprising a nucleic acid comprising a capsid-dimerizing agent binder conjugate and a ligand-dimerizing agent binder conjugate is provided.

Abstract: Recombinant adenoviruses that selectively replicate in E2F deregulated tumor cells are described. The recombinant adenoviruses have a genome encoding a modified E1A protein, a modified or deleted E4orf1 protein, a modified or deleted E4orf6/7 protein, or any combination thereof, such that the recombinant adenoviruses exhibit replication defects in normal cells compared to tumor cells. In some instances, the recombinant adenovirus genomes encode additional modifications that target the recombinant adenoviruses to specific cell types, detarget the viruses from the liver, inhibit viral replication in the liver, and/or evade pre-existing neutralizing antibodies.

Abstract: An adenovirus comprising an E1A polypeptide comprising one or more modifications and comprising an E4orf6/7 polypeptide comprising one or more modifications is described. Compositions and kits comprising the modified adenoviruses are also described. Further described is a method of treating a proliferative disorder in a subject comprising administering to the subject an adenovirus comprising the E1A polypeptide comprising one or more modifications and comprising the E4orf6/7 polypeptide comprising one or more modifications.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for retargeting adenovirus to a cell using chemical dimers are described. In particular, a recombinant adenovirus comprising a nucleic acid comprising a capsid-dimerizing agent binder conjugate and a ligand-dimerizing agent binder conjugate is provided.

Abstract: An optically active thiazolidinone derivative having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group (said substituent represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halogen), a phenyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl group or a substituted phenyl-C.sub.3 -C.sub.2 alkyl group (the substituent of said phenyl represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halogen); R.sup.2 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group; and n represents 1 or 2!.EffectThe optically active thiazolidinone derivative of the present invention has excellent anti-angina pectoris action and is useful as a preventive agent or a therapeutic agent for angina pectoris.

Abstract: A method for the treatment or prevention of an ulcerative disease comprising administering to a patient an effective amount of an active compound in admixture with a pharmacologically acceptable carrier or diluent, wherein said active compound is a thia-or oxazolidinone compound of the following formula or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein W is sulfur or oxygen and X is --N(R.sup.3)--, or X is sulfur or oxygen and W is --N(R.sup.3)--; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or aralkyl; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and each is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl,aralkyl, aryl, 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic; R.sup.6 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or aralkyl; and A is C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene.

Abstract: A thiazolidinone compound represented by general formula (I) or a pharmacoligically acceptable salt thereof, ##STR1## wherein W represents sulfur or oxygen and X represents --N(R.sup.1)--, or alternatively X represents sulfur or oxygen and W represents --N(R.sup.1)--, and R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, alkyl or substituted alkyl; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different from each other, and each represents hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, or 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl; R.sup.4 represents hydrogen, alkyl or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.5 represents substituted cycloalkyl which may contain nitrogen, provided the substituents include --B--ONO.sub.2 (wherein B represents a single bond or alkylene) as the indispensable member and alkyl groups as optional members; and A represents a single bond or alkylene, has an excellent anti-anginal effect and thus is useful as an angina pectoris remedy or preventive.

Abstract: An amino acid compound of the formula: R.sup.1 NH--CH(R.sup.2)--COHN--A--ONO.sub.2, wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.7 alkanoyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxycarbonyl group, a C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 arylcarbonyl group, a C.sub.7 -C.sub.13 aralkylcarbonyl group, a C.sub.7 -C.sub.13 aralkyloxycarbonyl group or a 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic carbonyl group; R.sup.2 represents a substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group; and A represents a C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkylene group; and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof. The amino acid compound has an excellent vasodilator action for collateral vessels and is useful for treating angina pectoris.

Abstract: Nitroxyalkylamide compounds having the formula: R.sup.1 --(A).sub.n --CONH--B'--ONO.sub.2 wherein R.sup.1 is an optionally substituted furyl, furyloxy, thienyl, thienyloxy, isoxazolyl, phenoxy, phenylthio or 1,4-dibenzodioxanyl, A is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene group; B' is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene group; and n is 0 or 1. The compounds of the present invention have a desirable vasodilator action for collateral vessels and an anti-anginal action, and are useful as therapeutic agents for treating angina pectoris.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein W represents an oxygen atom and X represents a group of formula --N(R.sup.1)--; R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl or aralkyl; R.sub.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl or aromatic heterocyclic; R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl or aralkyl; and A is alkylene which is optionally substituted by carboxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof, have a valuable vasodilatory activity.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein W represents a sulfur atom and X represents a group of formula --N(R.sup.1)--, or W represents a group of formula --N(R.sup.1)-- and X represents a sulfur atom; R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl or aralkyl; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl or aromatic heterocyclic; R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl or aralkyl; and A is alkylene which is optionally substituted by carboxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof, have a valuable vasodilatory activity.