Abstract: In an exhaust gas recirculation apparatus for an internal combustion engine mounted with a turbocharger in which a turbine is disposed in an exhaust passage and a compressor is disposed in an intake passage, when the exhaust gas recirculation is carried out, a port formed at the intake passage on the downstream side of the compressor is opened. As a result, since an intake air on the downstream side of the compressor is released to the atmosphere and a negative pressure in the exhaust passage is lowered, a differential pressure between an exhaust pressure in the intake passage and the negative pressure in the intake passage is increased, to improve an exhaust gas recirculation rate, so that a NOx discharge amount can be reduced.

Abstract: A leaf panel bundling apparatus allows leaf paper to be bundled to be inserted into the apparatus from either the front or the top of the apparatus. The leaf paper bundling apparatus wraps a tape around many leafs of paper which have been stacked, uses a cutter to cut the wrapped tape and uses a thermo-adhesion head to adhere the ends of the tape to one another so as to bundle the leaf paper. A leaf paper insertion opening portion has a slit extending to a location above the front portion of the main apparatus unit and into which leaf paper can be inserted from the front or top of the apparatus. A leaf paper regulation device receives a leaf paper lower edge and a leading edge which is the edge to be located furthest from the front of the main apparatus unit after insertion. A tape supply device supplies tape to be wrapped around the periphery of the leaf paper, applies tension to and tightens the wrapped tape.