Abstract: A color liquid crystal display device comprises first and second transparent substrates, and a liquid crystal sealed therebetween. A plurality of display electrodes and thin film transistors each connected to each of the display electrodes are formed on the first transparent substrate. Color filters are formed on the second transparent substrate such that they each face each of the display electrodes. A common electrode is also formed over the entire surface of the second transparent electrode. The gap between adjacent color filters is closed by a metal layer capable of blocking light. These light-blocking layers overlie the common electrode in contact therewith.

Abstract: A thin-film transistor comprises a source electrode and a drain electrode formed in a spaced-apart relation to each other on a substrate, a semiconductor layer formed over the source and drain electrodes, a gate insulating film formed on the semiconductor layer and a gate electrode on the gate insulating film. First and second ohmic contact layers are formed in the entirety of the surface regions of the semiconductor layer which are in contact with the source and drain electrodes.

Abstract: In a thin film transistor which has an active layer formed between source and drain electrodes, a gate insulating film formed in contact with the active layer, and a gate electrode formed in contact with the gate insulating film, the photoconductivity of the active layer is reduced by forming the active layer of amorphous silicon carbide (a-Si.sub.1-x C.sub.x) whose carbon content x is greater than 0.1.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal cell is formed with first and second transparent substrates opposing each other and a liquid crystal sealed therebetween. A plurality of display electrodes are formed in a matrix arrangement with rows and columns on the inner surface of said first transparent substrate. Gate bus lines are formed on the first transparent substrate along the respective rows of display electrodes. Source bus lines are formed on the first transparent substrate along the respective columns of display electrodes. Thin-film transistors are formed on the first transparent substrate at the intersections of the gate and source bus lines. The thin-film transistors each have a gate electrode connected to the associated gate bus line, a source electrode connected to the associated source bus line and the drain electrode connected to a corresponding display electrode. A common electrode is formed on the second transparent substrate such that it faces the display electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell comprises a liquid crystal sealed between a pair of confronting transparent substrates. A multiplicity of semiconductor driver elements are substantially uniformly distributed over an inner surface of one of the substrates. The semiconductor driver elements have output electrodes connected respectively to matrix element electrodes formed on the inner surface of said one of the substrates. A driver circuit is formed as a semiconductor integrated circuit on an extension of the inner surface of said one of the substrates for selectively driving the semiconductor driver elements.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic material is composed of an iron alloy which contains 2 to 12% by weight of silicon and 5 to 25% by weight of at least one element selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium, platinum, gold and silver. This ferromagnetic material exhibits a high saturation flux density and good corrosion resistance. Excellent magnetic characteristics are obtained by a multilayered film which is obtained by alternatingly laminating the above ferromagnetic material and a spacer layer composed of other material. Further, a markedly increased recording density is exhibited by a magnetic head for perpendicular magnetic recording, when the end of the main pole is composed of the ferromagnetic material.

Abstract: A transmitting type display device is disclosed, which comprises a transmitting type display panel to provide a display on the front surface, a light source for producing light illuminating the back surface of the transmitting type display and a brightness controller for controlling the intensity of light from the light source. The device comprises an ambient light detector disposed near the transmitting type display panel for detecting the intensity of ambient light incident on the display surface of the transmitting type display panel, and the brightness controller for controlling the light source according to the detection output of the ambient light detector such that the intensity of light from the light source to the transmitting type display panel is increased with an increase of the detected light intensity.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell comprises a liquid crystal sealed between a pair of confronting transparent substrates. A multiplicity of semiconductor driver elements are substantially uniformly distributed over an inner surface of one of the substrates. The semiconductor driver elements have output electrodes connected respectively to matrix element electrodes formed on the inner surface of said one of the substrates. A driver circuit is formed as a semiconductor integrated circuit on an extension of the inner surface of said one of the substrates for selectively driving the semiconductor driver elements.The driver circuit comprises a plurality of thin-film transistors each of which includes a semiconductor layer which has enhanced carrier mobility achieved through annealing.

Abstract: A transparent conductive film formed on a transparent substrate of a thin film transistor or solar cell contains an element falling in Group III or V of the periodic table. The transparent conductive film is formed in contact with a semiconductor layer.

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display device has a plurality of display electrodes arranged in a matrix array and selectable through control of thin film transistors for application of voltage between selected display electrodes and a common electrode to obtain image display. Each thin film transistor has a semiconductive layer and a gate insulating film both formed to have the same pattern. Each thin film transistor has a gate electrode formed on the gate insulating film with the edges of the gate electrode inwardly spaced apart from the corresponding edges of the gate insulating film. The semiconductor layer and gate insulating film have extensions extending under a corresponding gate bus.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is disclosed, which comprises first and second transparent substrates facing each other, a liquid crystal sealed between the transparent substrates, a plurality of display electrodes formed on the inner surface of the first transparent substrate, thin film transistors also formed on the first transparent substrate inner surface and each connected to each display electrode, and a transparent common electrode formed on the inner surface of the second transparent substrate, and in which the thin film transistors are selectively controlled to selectively drive the display electrodes for display. The resistance of semiconductor layers of the thin film transistors is reduced by external light to result in deterioration of the contrast of display. According to the invention, an opaque metal layer is formed between each thin film transistor and the first transparent substrate, and an insulating film is provided between the opaque metal layer and thin film transistor.

Abstract: An array of thin film transistors is fabricated by forming a plurality of spaced closely adjacent metallic source and drain electrodes on an array area of a transparent substrate, forming semiconductor layers on the substrate between each adjacent pair of source and drain electrodes in overlapping relation to the edges of each such pair, covering the semiconductor layers with a gate insulation film that extends over substantially all of said array area, forming a transparent gate electrode layer over the gate insulation film, covering the transparent gate electrode layer with a photosensitive resin layer which is then exposed to light through the transparent substrate and transparent gate electrode layer with the metallic source and drain electrodes acting as masks, developing the photosensitive resin layer to remove portions thereof other than the exposed portions, and etching the transparent gate electrode with the remaining portions of the resin layer serving as masks thereby to form the gate electrodes of

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell comprises a liquid crystal sealed between a pair of confronting transparent substrates. A multiplicity of semiconductor driver elements are substantially uniformly distributed over an inner surface of one of the substrates. The semiconductor driver elements have output electrodes connected respectively to matrix element electrodes formed on the inner surface of said one of the substrates. A driver circuit is formed as a semiconductor integrated circuit on an extension of the inner surface of said one of the substrates for selectively driving the semiconductor driver elements.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element which is composed of a TN liquid crystal cell containing nematic liquid crystal of positive dielectric anisotropy and an N type dye having the same long molecular axes as the liquid crystal and polarizing plates respectively disposed opposite both side plates of the liquid crystal cell. The polarizing plates each have the direction of polarization substantially parallel to the orientation of molecules of the liquid crystal near the side plate of the liquid crystal which each polarizing plate confronts, and one of the polarizing plates is a color polarizing plate.

Abstract: For regulating the vibration frequency of a tuning-fork vibrator to a desired frequency, the tuning-fork vibrator is regulated so that its vibration frequency may become a frequency lower than the desired frequency by a predetermined value, and then the tuning-fork vibrator is regulated so that a difference between proper vibration frequencies of both legs of the vibrator may become smaller than a predetermined value, and further, the vibrator is regulated so that the desired frequency may be reached, while maintaining the difference in the proper vibration frequency smaller than the predetermined value. In this way, the desired frequency can rapidly be attained.

Abstract: First and second color liquid crystal display elements of the negative guest-host type are disposed in adjacent and opposing relation to each other and the color liquid crystal display elements provide display in different colors, at least one of electrodes of each color liquid crystal display element having formed therein a display pattern. By the control of a changeover switch, an alternating drive voltage is applied from a drive circuit to one of the first and second color liquid crystal display elements to change the color of a background of the display in accordance with the control of the changeover switch.

Abstract: An automatic copying belt grinding machine comprising a vertically moving Z-axis slide, a horizontally moving X-axis slide, a horizontally moving X-axis slide slidably mounted on said Z-axis slide, a duplex electronic copying sensor and a grinding head swivelling device mounted together on said X-axis slide, and a pair of synchronously rotating fixture tables for respectively vertically mounting a copying model to be brought into interaction with said duplex electronic copying sensor and a workpiece to be brought into interaction with said grinding head swivelling device, whereby all these components are made to perform a copy grind machining operation jointly under the control of a simultaneous control unit.

Abstract: A model and a workpiece are rotated synchronously, and a stylus is disposed for relative movement toward or away from the model in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation thereof for contact therewith. The amount of displacement of the stylus from its neutral point which occurs while it contacts the model is detected by a tracer head and is divided into a pair of components lying in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the model which are along the direction of said relative movement and along a direction orthogonal thereto.