Abstract: A ZnO phosphor of a red luminous color capable of being increased in luminous efficiency. A the Zn3.5Y0.92Eu0.08O5 phosphor which is an example of the present invention is manufactured by immersing 117 mmol of ZnO:Zn in an aqueous solution in which 1.84 mmol of YCl3 and 0.16 mmol of EuCl3 are dissolved. Excessive water is vaporized by heating the solution to a temperature of 300° C. This results in pink porous blocks being obtained, which are then placed in a crucible. The crucible is heated at 100° C. for two hours, so that a white powder of a red luminous color is obtained. The powder has main peaks at 612 nm and 702 nm. A luminous spectra of the phosphor indicates that it exhibits enhanced luminous efficiency.

Abstract: A field emission device capable of permitting a focusing electrode to be arranged around a gate electrode without any restriction. A gate electrode is arranged on an upper surface of an insulating layer of a cathode substrate-side structure and holes are formed through the insulating layer and gate electrode. A conical emitter is arranged in each of the holes. The insulating layer is formed on the upper surface thereof with a focusing electrode so as to surround the gate electrode. The insulating layer is formed on a lower surface thereof with a connection line, a resistive layer and a cathode electrode line. The gate electrode is electrically connected to the connection line through a contact hole and a gate electrode line is electrically connected to the connection line through another contact hole.

Abstract: A fluorescent material and a display device incorporating the fluorescent material are described. The fluorescent material is a mixture including a phosphor which is excitable at a voltage of 1 kV or higher for emitting light and a phosphor which is excitable at a voltage of 1 kV or lower for emitting light, wherein each phosphor emits light of the same color and the fluorescent material is luminous at an anode voltage of 2 kV or lower. The fluorescent display device accelerates electrons emitted from an electron source at an anode voltage of 2 kV or lower and rushes these electrons against an anode for exciting the fluorescent material present on the anode. The fluorescent material is a mixture as set forth above.

Abstract: A field emission cathode that can uniform the number of electrons emitted from each emitter and can prevent a line defect even when a gate electrode is electrically short-circuited with an emitter. The movement of electrons in a channel formed on the channel forming electrode is controlled by applying a positive voltage to the current control electrode, so that the current supplied from the cathode electrode to the emitter can be controlled. If the emitter is short-circuited with the gate electrode, the increased current density destroys the channel, so that the current supply to the emitter can be stopped.

Abstract: A fluorescent luminous device capable of providing a fluorescent luminous device including a non-sulfide phosphor which is reduced in resistance and emits light of a reddish luminous color. The fluorescent luminous device is so constructed that the phosphor layer is made of a non-sulfide phosphor excited by luminescence of a ZnO:Zn phosphor to emit light of a yellowish red luminous color. The ZnO:Zn phosphor is deposited on the non-sulfide phosphor.

Abstract: A hermetic container which does not require a getter room and can reliably absorb gases released in a container. In a field emission display, the hermetic container contains a front substrate and an opposite substrate confronting each other and a spacer disposed between the outer fringes of the front substrate and the outer fringes of the opposite substrate. Stripe anodes are formed on the inner surface of the front substrate. Each anode is formed of a transparent anode conductor and a fluorescent substance layer. Field emission elements are formed on the inner surface of the opposite substrate and respectively have a cathode conductor, an insulating layer, a gate, and an emitter disposed in an opening. Each of supports has one end which is disposed between stripe anodes and is in contact with the front substrate and the other end which is disposed between stripe gates and is in contact with the insulating layer.

Abstract: A method for producing a phosphor made of luminous inorganic particles of a nanostructure which is capable of keeping a surface of the phosphor from being polluted by any by-product and controlling a particle diameter distribution of the phosphor as desired. A carbon material and an inorganic salt are mixed together to prepare a mixture, which is then heated, to thereby form an interlaminar compound. Then, the interlaminar compound is subject to a treatment using an eliminating agent, leading to production of luminous inorganic compound particles adhered to the carbon material.

Abstract: A phosphor capable of being reduced in activity of a surface thereof, to thereby minimize adsorption of gas thereon, release of gas therefrom and the like, to thereby ensure protection of the surface. The phosphor of the present invention is coated with a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film. Such coating reduces an activity of a surface of the phosphor. Also, the phosphor may be used for a display section of a display device. This permits durability of the phosphor to be increased and prevents a deterioration of a cathode, resulting in the display device being increased in durability.

Abstract: A field emission type fluorescent display device capable of exhibiting high luminescence under a low voltage while minimizing leakage luminescence and color mixing, to thereby improve display quality. An anode and a field emission cathode are arranged opposite to each other and the cathode is divided into a plurality of unit regions in a matrix-like configuration, which are matrix-driven, resulting in a display being selectively carried out. The unit regions each are divided into a plurality of subregions and the cathode and anode are divided into a plurality of strip-like electrodes perpendicular to each other, respectively. The strip-like electrode each correspond to each of subregions and are commonly connected to each other at every second interval. Also, a focusing electrode may be arranged between the gate and the anode so as to surround the unit regions.

Abstract: A vacuum container capable of arranging a getter member therein while preventing an increase in overall height of an envelope and therefore the vacuum container. An anode substrate on which anode electrodes providing a display section are formed and a cathode substrate on which field emission cathodes are formed are arranged opposite to each other and sealedly joined to each other through an outer periphery thereof, to thereby provide an envelope. The cathode substrate is formed with a through-hole communicating with an interior of the envelope. The through-hole has a getter member received therein. The cathode substrate is provided on a portion of an outer surface thereof at which the through-hole is formed with an evacuation pipe through which the envelope is evacuated.

Abstract: A field emission element that can prevent one cathode electrode line from being completely disabled due to a short circuit between an emitter electrode and a gate electrode. One cathode electrode line consists of a stripe cathode conductor and plural island electrodes arranged on the one side of the cathode conductor. The gate electrode is disposed on the insulating layer overlaying the upper surface of each island electrode. The first resistance layer and the second resistance layer each having a different resistance value are laminated in a current control resistance layer. When excessive current flows through the emitter cone, the laminated thick-film portion is destroyed so that only the island electrode connected to the emitter cone is electrically separated off from the cathode conductor. One second resistance layer is locally laminated on the first resistance layer and for each of plural island electrodes.

Abstract: Method for forming a vacuum hermetic vessel. Plural exhaust holes are formed in the first main substrate at a number of positions. A second main substrate is superposed over the first main substrate. The two substrates are hermetically sealed. The two substrates are cut at predetermined positions to form individual vessels. Lead-out electrodes are formed on both the first and second substrates and are not covered by another substrate. The vessels are evacuated and sealed using exhaust tubes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for forming a fluorescent film for a display and a method of forming a fluorescent film for forming a display surface of a display unit. The composition for forming a fluorescent film for a display has an aqueous medium in which photosensitive resin having a styryl pyridium photosensitive group having an internal salt structure and a fluorescent material which easily reacts with acid are dispersed. The composition is applied to the display surface of a display unit so that a fluorescent layer is formed. Then, the fluorescent material layer is developed to form the fluorescent material layer into a predetermined pattern, and then the fluorescent material layer formed into the predetermined pattern is baked so that a fluorescent film is formed.

Abstract: A fluorescent material is described which remains uninfluenced in the presence of oxygen during fabrication, allows a highly efficient light emission due to the concentration of donors being adjustable as appropriate, and is excellent in giving a bright light and having a long life. The fluorescent material is represented by the formula Ga.sub.1-x In.sub.x N:M,X, wherein 0.ltoreq.x<0.8, M is at least one element selected from the group of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cd and Hg, and X is at least one element selected from the group of C, Si, Ge, Sn and Pb. The fluorescent material preferably has concentration ranges (mol %) of the elements M and X of 0.005<M<0.7 and 0.002<X<0.8. The starting materials utilized for preparing the fluorescent material are substances devoid of oxygen, preferably (SiH.sub.a N.sub.b).sub.n where a=1-3, b=0 or 1, and n=an integer of 1 or more.

Abstract: A vacuum envelope with a built-in electron source capable of preventing peeling of gate electrodes, to thereby enhance reliability in operation over a long period of time and reducing a manufacturing cost thereof. The gate electrodes each are made of niobium oxide or niobium nitride. Nb for the gate electrode is previously oxidized or nitrided to prevent progress of oxidation of the gate electrode due to release of oxygen from lead oxide contained in a seal material during heating for sealing, resulting in expansion of the gate electrode. An insulating layer is formed on a cathode substrate and the gate electrodes are formed on the insulating layer. Then, the seal material is applied onto the insulating layer so as to cover a part of each of the gate electrodes, so that the cathode substrate may be sealedly joined to an anode substrate.

Abstract: An image display device including a field emission element capable of preventing diffusion of electrons to be impinged on a display section. An anode substrate is provided thereon with a phosphor-deposited display section and a cathode substrate is provided thereon with field emission elements including cathode conductors, emitter electrodes and gate electrodes. The cathode conductors and gate electrodes are formed into a stripe-like shape and arranged so as to intersect each other to form a matrix. A stripe-like diffusion prevention electrode is arranged between each adjacent two of the gate electrodes. The emitter electrodes selected by the gate electrodes and cathode conductors emit electrons. The diffusion prevention electrodes on both sides of each of the gate electrodes selected are applied thereto a voltage lower than a voltage of the gate electrodes, so that the electrons may be impinged on the display section required without diffusion, to thereby permit picture cells required to emit light.

Abstract: A hermetic container which can improve its stress resistance and its buckling strength and prevent deformation due to the atmospheric pressure. The space between the anode substrate and the cathode substrate in the hermetic container can be stably maintained. Anode conductors and fluorescent substance layers are formed on the inner surface of the anode substrate. Electron sources are formed on the inner surface of the cathode substrate so as to confront the corresponding display portions on the anode substrate. In order to complete a container, the anode substrate is spaced from the cathode substrate a predetermined distance apart and the fringe portions of the substrates are sealed. A supporting member is disposed in the container.

Abstract: A support aligning fixture capable of facilitating fitting of supports in support holes of an aligning plate and improving positional accuracy of the supports. First and second aligning plate members of the same construction and thickness are superposed on each other while being registered with each other, to thereby provide an aligning plate. The aligning plate members each are formed with tapered support holes, to thereby facilitating insertion of supports therein. The supports are positioned by two diameter-reduced ends of the support holes of the aligning plate members, resulting in positional accuracy of the supports being increased.

Abstract: A field emission cathode capable of preventing an increase in emission current discharged from conical emitters due to a variation in environmental temperature. The field emission cathode includes a resistive layer structure, which is constructed of two resistive layers different in temperature charactertistics. Such construction substantially prevents a variation in resistance of the whole resistive layer strcuture due to an increase in environmental temperature.

Abstract: A display apparatus capable of preventing deterioration in the light emission efficiency of a fluorescent member thereof, that of the emission performance of the emitter thereof and shortage of the life caused from the deterioration in the emission performance. The display apparatus according to the present invention has the structure such that each of insulating support rods for supporting an anode substrate and a cathode substrate in the container of the display apparatus has a glass fiber support rod body made of a non-alkali material and the surface of the support rod has a coating layer made of a hydrophobic material so as to prevent diffusion of alkali components and generation of oxygen from the insulating support rods.