Abstract: A method for producing conductor fine particles in which the advantages of conventional vapor phase method and liquid phase method are utilized while eliminating the drawbacks of both methods remarkably. Furthermore, definite guidelines and measure for improvement are given to the greatest problems common to the vapor phase method and liquid phase method, i.e., enhancement in quality of the unit fine particle and a fine particle production method controllably temporarily and regionally. The method for producing conductor fine particles comprises a step for applying a voltage to a pair of electrode consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode arranged in conductive liquid and generating plasma in the vicinity of the negative electrode, and a step for producing conductor fine particles by melting the metal material of the negative electrode and then re-solidifying.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a two-dimensional pattern by simultaneously forming a plurality of quantum dots on a surface of a solid material and making the quantum dots a periodic structure by a laser irradiation, and a device structure and a device fabricated by the method. The method for fabricating a quantum dot-formed surface including the laser irradiation which irradiate at least one batch of laser onto a surface of a solid material to simultaneously form a plurality of quantum dots on the surface, arranging the plurality of quantum dots into periodic arrays.

Abstract: A method for producing conductor fine particles in which the advantages of conventional vapor phase method and liquid phase method are utilized while eliminating the drawbacks of both methods remarkably. Furthermore, definite guidelines and measure for improvement are given to the greatest problems common to the vapor phase method and liquid phase method, i.e., enhancement in quality of the unit fine particle and a fine particle production method controllably temporarily and regionally. The method for producing conductor fine particles comprises a step for applying a voltage to a pair of electrode consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode arranged in conductive liquid and generating plasma in the vicinity of the negative electrode, and a step for producing conductor fine particles by melting the metal material of the negative electrode and then re-solidifying.

Abstract: In an air conditioning system containing at least one outdoor unit and plural indoor units and a central control device for concentrically controlling the overall air conditioning system and calculating an energy using charge corresponding to an energy using amount of each indoor unit as a charge proration data, the central control device includes an operation data obtaining unit for obtaining operation data based on an operation state of each indoor unit every predetermined time, a storing unit for successively storing the obtained operation data in a database, and a calculation unit for extracting the operation data used to calculate the charge proration data from the database and calculating the charge proration data on the basis of the extracted operation data.

Abstract: A method for the mixing of a polyol with a low-boiling foaming agent for the manufacture of a rigid foamed polyurethane. The polyol is blended in advance with a specific amount of the low-boiling foaming agent such as chlorodifluoromethane (designated by HCFC-22) or the like in a liquid state. In this case, it is possible to uniformly supply the polyol and the specific amount of HCFC-22 to a polyurethane foaming system, resulting in a homogeneous foaming reaction whereby a rigid foamed polyurethane having excellent cell uniformity without any voids may be obtained.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a rigid foamed polyurethane and a process for the manufacture of the polyurethane wherein the polyurethane is made up substantially of closed cells which contain at least a foaming agent designated by HCFC-22 and CO.sub.2 gas therein. The foamed polyurethane can be obtained by using HCFC-22 or a blend of the HCFC-22 with HCFC-142b as foaming agent which has a short life in the atmosphere because of having hydrogen atoms in their molecules. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to avoid the use of conventional foaming agents which are suspected of being substances eating a hole in the atmospher's layer of ozone and consequently linking to global warming.The rigid foamed polyurethanes of the present invention, which contain a foaming agent designated by HCFC-22 having a boiling point of -40.8.degree. C. in their closed cells, can retain their good thermal insulating properties over a temperature of from about -30.degree. to -40.degree. C.