Abstract: In this fuel cell, a cell holder (40) is provided with an inflow passage (44) for allowing flow into a frame of the cell holder (40), and a convex support (34) for supporting an insulating portion (50) and a first seal member (60) is provided in the inflow passage (44).

Abstract: In this fuel cell, a cell holder (40) is provided with an inflow passage (44) for allowing flow into a frame of the cell holder (40), and a convex support (34) for supporting an insulating portion (50) and a first seal member (60) is provided in the inflow passage (44).

Abstract: A fuel reformer 20 producing a reformed gas by catalysis by using a fuel gas includes a combustion chamber 24, a combustion nozzle 30, an exhausting pipe 15, a gas distribution gap 25, an outer reforming portion 43, a fuel gas introduction pipe 10, and a reformed gas outlet pipe 11. The combustion nozzle 30 is located in the combustion chamber 24. A columnar protruding portion 40 is provided in the combustion chamber 24.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell includes a cell stack, a reformed gas introduction path introducing a reformed gas into the cell stack, an oxidizing agent gas introduction path introducing an oxidizing agent gas into the cell stack, and a cooling gas introduction path introducing a cooling gas into the oxidizing agent gas introduction path. A heat-absorption part absorbing heat is provided in a periphery of the cell stack, and the cooling gas introduction path is connected with the oxidizing agent gas introduction path through the heat-absorption part.

Abstract: A fuel reformer 20 producing a reformed gas by catalysis by using a fuel gas includes a combustion chamber 24, a combustion nozzle 30, an exhausting pipe 15, a gas distribution gap 25, an outer reforming portion 43, a fuel gas introduction pipe 10, and a reformed gas outlet pipe 11. The combustion nozzle 30 is located in the combustion chamber 24. A columnar protruding portion 40 is provided in the combustion chamber 24.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell includes a cell stack, a reformed gas introduction path introducing a reformed gas into the cell stack, an oxidizing agent gas introduction path introducing an oxidizing agent gas into the cell stack, and a cooling gas introduction path introducing a cooling gas into the oxidizing agent gas introduction path. A heat-absorption part absorbing heat is provided in a periphery of the cell stack, and the cooling gas introduction path is connected with the oxidizing agent gas introduction path through the heat-absorption part.

Abstract: A nozzle device forms a treatment film with a uniform thickness on a substrate with a small amount of treatment liquid and a substrate treatment device. A nozzle device 10 includes a plurality of discharge ports 18 formed on the bottom, a liquid retaining chamber 22 for retaining supplied treatment liquid, and a liquid discharge paths 23 and 17 that communicate with each discharge port 18 on one end and communicate with the retaining chamber 22 on the other end. The paths allow the treatment liquid retained in the liquid retaining chamber 22 to flow to the discharge ports 18 where the liquid is discharged. The discharge ports 18 are arranged in double rows along a longitudinal direction of the nozzle device 10. The discharge ports of one row is staggered with respect to the discharge ports of the other row so that the discharge ports 18 form a staggered pattern in the arranged direction.