Abstract: In an arrester comprising a characteristic element made up of a stack of a plurality of metal oxide resistors, parallelly connected capacitor and a linear resistor are connected between the characteristic element and ground, and voltage drop across the linear resistor is used to light a neon lamp or to operate an alarm device for detecting deterioration of the characteristic element. To protect the capacitor and the linear resistor at the time when the arrester operates, a nonlinear resistor may be connected in parallel with the capacitor and the linear resistor.

Abstract: In a protective gap device for protecting a circuit breaker, there are provided a cylindrical metalic shell, a high voltage electrode unit, and a low voltage electrode unit. The high and low voltage electrode units are respectively provided with a main electrode, a trigger electrode, and a cylindrical electrode plate, each of the trigger electrodes having a rod-shaped electrode so as to form a trigger gap between the main electrode and the trigger electrode.

Abstract: An improved jet dyeing process for fibrous articles containing polyester-type synthetic fibers which comprises heating the bath liquid while moving said fibrous article at a rate of 80 to 300 meters/min. in a bath containing no dye; adding a dye liquor at a rate of not more than 20 liters/sec. when the temperature of the dye bath has exceeded 110.degree.C; and successively dyeing the fibrous article at a temperature of more than 110.degree.C. while moving it at the above rate, and an apparatus suitable for practising aforesaid jet dyeing process.