Abstract: A server that manages a plurality of power adjustment resources electrically connectable to a power network includes a determination unit and a first permission unit. The determination unit determines, before a vehicle including a power storage starts charging of the power storage by using the power network, whether or not electric power corresponding to charging power can be supplied to the power network by having at least one of the power adjustment resources respond to the charging of the power storage. When the determination unit determines that electric power can be supplied, the first permission unit permits supply of electric power from the power network to the vehicle.

Abstract: A power management system includes power adjustment resources (including FCEVs) electrically connected to a microgrid, and a CEMS server that manages the power adjustment resources. Each of FCEVs includes: a supply valve that adjusts an amount of hydrogen supplied to an FC stack; a compressor that adjusts an amount of oxygen supplied to the FC stack; and an ECU. The ECU executes decrease control that temporarily decreases at least one of the amount of hydrogen supplied to the FC stack and the amount of oxygen supplied to the FC stack. The CEMS server determines execution timings of the decrease control in FCEVs during power supply to the microgrid.

Abstract: A first switching unit switches a first power grid from an isolated operation to a grid-connected operation. In switching the first power grid from the isolated operation to the grid-connected operation, the first switching unit determines a master and a slave among a plurality of power adjustment resources and allows the first power grid to be connected to the second power grid after master-slave control by means of the master and the slave such that electric power of the first power grid is in synchronization with electric power of the second power grid. The first switching unit preferentially selects as the master, a power adjustment resource close to a point of connection between the first power grid and the second power grid from among the plurality of power adjustment resources.

Abstract: To provide an optical semiconductor device having excellent long-term reliability, the optical semiconductor device includes: a substrate; a mesa structure provided on the substrate; a semiconductor burial layer provided in contact with two sides of the mesa structure; and an electrode containing Au, which is provided above the semiconductor burial layer. The mesa structure includes a first conductivity type semiconductor layer, a multiple-quantum well layer, and a second conductivity type semiconductor layer, which are stacked in the stated order from a substrate side. The semiconductor burial layer includes a first semi-insulating InP layer provided in contact with side portions of the mesa structure, a first anti-diffusion layer provided in contact with the first semi-insulating InP layer, and a second semi-insulating InP layer provided on the first anti-diffusion layer. The first anti-diffusion layer has an Au diffusion constant that is smaller than that of the first semi-insulating InP layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor optical device may include a semiconductor substrate; a mesa stripe structure that extends in a stripe shape in a first direction on the semiconductor substrate and includes a contact layer on a top layer; an adjacent layer on the semiconductor substrate and adjacent to the mesa stripe structure in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction; a passivation film that covers at least a part of the adjacent layer; a resin layer on the passivation film; an electrode that is electrically connected to the contact layer and extends continuously from the contact layer to the resin layer; and an inorganic insulating film that extends continuously from the resin layer to the passivation film under the electrode, is spaced apart from the mesa stripe structure, and is completely interposed between the electrode and the resin layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor optical device may include a semiconductor substrate; a compound semiconductor layer on the semiconductor substrate; an additional insulating film on the pedestal portion of the compound semiconductor layer, the additional insulating film having an upper surface and a side surface at an inner obtuse angle between them; a passivation film covering the compound semiconductor layer and the additional insulating film except at least part of the mesa portion, the passivation film having a protrusion raised by overlapping with the additional insulating film; a mesa electrode on the at least part of the mesa portion; a pad electrode on the passivation film within the protrusion; and an extraction electrode on the passivation film, the extraction electrode being continuous within and outside the protrusion, the extraction electrode connecting the pad electrode and the mesa electrode, the extraction electrode being narrower in width than the pad electrode.

Abstract: A semiconductor optical amplifier integrated laser includes a semiconductor laser oscillator portion that oscillates laser light having a wavelength included in a gain band and a semiconductor optical amplifier portion that amplifies laser light output from the semiconductor laser oscillator portion. The semiconductor laser oscillator portion and the semiconductor optical amplifier portion have one common p-i-n structure, the common p-i-n structure includes an active layer, a cladding layer provided apart from the active layer, and a common functional layer formed in the cladding layer, and the common functional layer includes a first portion that reflects light having a wavelength within the gain band in the semiconductor laser oscillator portion and a second portion that transmits light having a wavelength within the gain band in the semiconductor optical amplifier portion.

Abstract: A semiconductor optical device may include a semiconductor substrate; a mesa stripe structure that extends in a stripe shape in a first direction on the semiconductor substrate and includes a contact layer on a top layer; an adjacent layer on the semiconductor substrate and adjacent to the mesa stripe structure in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction; a passivation film that covers at least a part of the adjacent layer; a resin layer on the passivation film; an electrode that is electrically connected to the contact layer and extends continuously from the contact layer to the resin layer; and an inorganic insulating film that extends continuously from the resin layer to the passivation film under the electrode, is spaced apart from the mesa stripe structure, and is completely interposed between the electrode and the resin layer.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel cell, the output voltage of which is improved by making a membrane moist state uniform. An anode-side gas diffusion layer and a cathode-side gas diffusion layer are joined to a membrane electrode assembly, and a separator is joined to the anode-side gas diffusion layer. The separator has a recess portion and a protrusion portion formed to constitute a gas flow path and a refrigerant flow path, respectively. The cross-sectional area of the recess portion is made relatively small at the downstream side in comparison with that at the upstream side, and the cross-sectional area of the protrusion portion is made relatively large at the downstream side in comparison with that at the upstream side, thereby improving the moist state.

Abstract: A separator for fuel cell includes a corrugated portion formed to have a corrugated cross section where a first groove that is concave to a first surface to form a flow path for a first fluid on the first surface and a second groove that is concave to a second surface opposite to the first surface to form a flow path for a second fluid on the second surface are arranged alternately and repeatedly. Each of the second grooves has at least one shallower groove section formed to have a less depth from the second surface than depth of a remaining groove section and provided to form a communication flow channel on the first surface side, which is arranged to communicate between two flow path spaces for the first fluid that are adjacent to each other across the shallower groove section.

Abstract: A separator for fuel cell includes a corrugated portion formed to have a corrugated cross section where a first groove that is concave to a first surface to form a flow path for a first fluid on the first surface and a second groove that is concave to a second surface opposite to the first surface to form a flow path for a second fluid on the second surface are arranged alternately and repeatedly. Each of the second grooves has at least one shallower groove section formed to have a less depth from the second surface than depth of a remaining groove section and provided to form a communication flow channel on the first surface side, which is arranged to communicate between two flow path spaces for the first fluid that are adjacent to each other across the shallower groove section.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, a controller, a resistance sensor, and a regulator. The fuel cell has a cathode plate, an anode plate, and an ion-exchange membrane interposed between the cathode plate and the anode plate. The controller is for controlling a gas flow rate to the anode plate. The resistance sensor is coupled to the fuel cell for measuring a resistance of the fuel cell. The regulator is coupled to the controller and coupled to the anode plate for regulating the gas flow to the anode plate. The controller receives a signal from the resistance sensor and is configured to control the regulator to adjust the gas flow to the anode plate based on the signal from the resistance sensor.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel cell, the output voltage of which is improved by making a membrane moist state uniform. An anode-side gas diffusion layer and a cathode-side gas diffusion layer are joined to a membrane electrode assembly, and a separator is joined to the anode-side gas diffusion layer. The separator has a recess portion and a protrusion portion formed to constitute a gas flow path and a refrigerant flow path, respectively. The cross-sectional area of the recess portion is made relatively small at the downstream side in comparison with that at the upstream side, and the cross-sectional area of the protrusion portion is made relatively large at the downstream side in comparison with that at the upstream side, thereby improving the moist state.

Abstract: A fuel cell system according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a measurement unit which measures an impedance of a fuel cell in a predetermined frequency region, and a regulation unit which regulates an amount of a gas to be supplied to the fuel cell based on a measured value of the impedance in the predetermined frequency region. According to such a constitution, the impedance of the fuel cell in the predetermined frequency region (e.g., a low frequency region) is measured, and the amount of the gas (e.g., an amount of an oxidizing gas) to be supplied to the fuel cell is regulated based on this measured value of the impedance. Here, since the impedance of the fuel cell in the predetermined frequency region largely differs with a fuel supply state (see FIG. 2), the amount of the gas to be supplied to the fuel cell can be regulated based on the measured value of the impedance to realize a highly efficient and stable operation.

Abstract: Provided are an optical semiconductor which includes a pyroelectric first substrate having an optical waveguide formed in a surface thereof and a second substrate connected to the first substrate via an insulating adhesive layer and which inhibits a pyroelectric effect caused therein, and an optical module. The optical semiconductor includes: a first substrate which has an electro-optic effect and is pyroelectric, the first substrate having an optical waveguide formed in an upper surface thereof; a second substrate connected the first substrate via an insulating adhesive layer; a first conductive film formed on a lower surface of the first substrate; and a second conductive film formed on at least one side surface of the first substrate and the second substrate, in which the first conductive film is electrically connected to the second conductive film.

Abstract: A separator for fuel cell includes a corrugated portion formed to have a corrugated cross section where a first groove that is concave to a first surface to form a flow path for a first fluid on the first surface and a second groove that is concave to a second surface opposite to the first surface to form a flow path for a second fluid on the second surface are arranged alternately and repeatedly. Each of the second grooves has at least one shallower groove section formed to have a less depth from the second surface than depth of a remaining groove section and provided to form a communication flow channel on the first surface side, which is arranged to communicate between two flow path spaces for the first fluid that are adjacent to each other across the shallower groove section.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack include a first group of cells, provided in the vicinity of the overall negative end of a fuel cell stack, and second group of cells, provided throughout the remainder of the fuel cell stack. The first cells have a higher resistance to flooding than the second cells, and the overall polarity of the fuel cell stack is reversed, the end of the stack where the water content is largest is made overall positive.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, a controller, a resistance sensor, and a regulator. The fuel cell has a cathode plate, an anode plate, and an ion-exchange membrane interposed between the cathode plate and the anode plate. The controller is for controlling a gas flow rate to the anode plate. The resistance sensor is coupled to the fuel cell for measuring a resistance of the fuel cell. The regulator is coupled to the controller and coupled to the anode plate for regulating the gas flow to the anode plate. The controller receives a signal from the resistance sensor and is configured to control the regulator to adjust the gas flow to the anode plate based on the signal from the resistance sensor.

Abstract: A fuel cell system according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a fuel cell, measurement means for measuring impedances of the fuel cell in two kinds or more of frequency regions, and first judgment means for judging two or more parameters concerned with an internal state of the fuel cell based on measurement results of the impedances in the respective frequency regions. According to such a constitution, the impedances in the two or more types of frequency regions (a high frequency region, a low frequency region and the like) are measured to judge two or more parameters such as a wet state of an electrolytic film of the fuel cell and a supply state of a fuel gas, which are concerned with the internal state of the fuel cell based on this measurement result. Since such judgment is performed, as compared with the conventional technology, the internal state of the fuel cell can accurately be grasped, and highly efficient and highly robust control of the fuel cell system can be performed.

Abstract: In a fuel cell stack, first cells are provided only at and in the vicinity of the end part of the fuel cell stack that is overall negative during fuel cell electrical generation. Second cells are provided at other locations in the stack location, so that flooding is unlikely to occur.