Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a temperature sensing material that changes a color density continuously with the lapse of time at a temperature not lower or higher than a predetermined temperature and a temperature deviation time estimating system using it. In order to achieve the above object, the temperature sensing material according to the present invention is a temperature sensing material having a structure of dispersing a temperature indicating material that changes color by crystallization in a dispersion medium and is characterized in that an average particle size of the temperature indicating material is not larger than a resolution when observed and a volume fraction of the temperature indicating material to the temperature sensing material is not less than 5% to less than 90%.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mechanically readable code including a first area comprising multiple first unit cells and including an information region where information was recorded and a second area including multiple second unit cells including an allochroic cell that changes in color depending on a physical quantity. The multiple first unit cells include transitional color cells having any transitional color in the process of color change of the allochroic cell.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a temperature detection label capable of preventing falsification using a simple structure. To solve this problem, the present invention provides a temperature detection label that is characterized by comprising a supporting member and a temperature detection part provided on the supporting member and in that: the temperature detection part has a temperature detection material that, in a heating process, starts color development at temperature T1 and starts losing color as a result of melting at temperature T2 and, in a cooling process, solidifies while remaining colorless by being cooled to temperature T1 or lower; the temperature detection material includes a leuco dye, decolorizer, and developer; and the temperature detection label also comprises a member having an appearance that changes between T1 and T2, inclusive, or a high-melting-point material having a melting point or glass transition temperature higher than T2.

Abstract: A calculation device comprises a color evaluation unit that acquires a sensor color and four or more reference colors from photography data from a measurement time when an indication object was photographed in a second photography environment; determines coefficients for color conversion between a first and the second photography environments based on the amount of change from color information for the reference colors in the first photography environment, which has been read from a calculation device storage unit, to color information for the reference colors in the second photography environment, which has been acquired from the photography data; and uses the sensor color acquired from the photography data from the measurement time and the color conversion coefficients to correct the sensor color to the color that would have been photographed in the first photography environment by solving a conversion formula including terms representing an affine transformation consisting of translation.

Abstract: A calculation device includes a storing unit that records discoloration characteristics about a sensor which changes color according to a size of physical quantity and a time when the physical quantity lasts, as a discoloration map with the physical quantity and the time as axes, for every sensor, and a physical quantity converting unit that specifies an area within each discoloration map corresponding to the color information of each sensor measured from a display area including the plural sensors having mutually different discoloration characteristics, calculates an overlapping area when the discoloration maps overlap each other as for the specified areas within the discoloration maps, and specifies a combination of the corresponding physical quantity and time from the position of the overlapping area within the discoloration map.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mechanically readable code including a first area comprising multiple first unit cells and including an information region where information was recorded and a second area including multiple second unit cells including an allochroic cell that changes in color depending on a physical quantity. The multiple first unit cells include transitional color cells having any transitional color in the process of color change of the allochroic cell.

Abstract: A calculation device comprises a color evaluation unit that acquires a sensor color and four or more reference colors from photography data from a measurement time when an indication object was photographed in a second photography environment; determines coefficients for color conversion between a first and the second photography environments based on the amount of change from color information for the reference colors in the first photography environment, which has been read from a calculation device storage unit, to color information for the reference colors in the second photography environment, which has been acquired from the photography data; and uses the sensor color acquired from the photography data from the measurement time and the color conversion coefficients to correct the sensor color to the color that would have been photographed in the first photography environment by solving a conversion formula including terms representing an affine transformation consisting of translation.

Abstract: It is possible to provide a temperature detection ink, which allows color initialization by a simple method and discolors with addition of time and temperature at a reaction temperature or higher. To solve the problem, the temperature detection ink according to the present invention includes a temperature detection material and a solvent. The temperature detection material has a structure in which a thermosensitive material containing a leuco dye, a color-developing agent, and a decolorant is contained in a microcapsule, or a structure in which a phase containing the thermosensitive material is phase-separated from a matrix material. The thermosensitive material is solidified while being decolored by cooling from a molten state to a glass transition temperature or lower at a predetermined rate or higher. The thermosensitive material has a glass transition temperature of ?20 to 60° C., and a melting point that is 60 to 250° C. and lower than the boiling point of the solvent.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a temperature sensing material that changes a color density continuously with the lapse of time at a temperature not lower or higher than a predetermined temperature and a temperature deviation time estimating system using it. In order to achieve the above object, the temperature sensing material according to the present invention is a temperature sensing material having a structure of dispersing a temperature indicating material that changes color by crystallization in a dispersion medium and is characterized in that an average particle size of the temperature indicating material is not larger than a resolution when observed and a volume fraction of the temperature indicating material to the temperature sensing material is not less than 5% to less than 90%.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a temperature detection label capable of preventing falsification using a simple structure. To solve this problem, the present invention provides a temperature detection label that is characterized by comprising a supporting member and a temperature detection part provided on the supporting member and in that: the temperature detection part has a temperature detection material that, in a heating process, starts color development at temperature T1 and starts losing color as a result of melting at temperature T2 and, in a cooling process, solidifies while remaining colorless by being cooled to temperature T1 or lower; the temperature detection material includes a leuco dye, decolorizer, and developer; and the temperature detection label also comprises a member having an appearance that changes between T1 and T2, inclusive, or a high-melting-point material having a melting point or glass transition temperature higher than T2.

Abstract: Provided are an electrolyte solution for lithium ion secondary batteries and a lithium ion secondary battery including the electrolyte solution for lithium ion secondary batteries, a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The electrolyte solution for lithium ion secondary batteries contains: an organic solvent containing a compound represented by formula (1); an electrolyte; and an additive containing metallic cations. In the formula (1), R1, R2 and R3 are independent of each other and are C1-C2 alkyl or C1-C2 alkoxyl. The metallic cations are of one or more types selected from K+, Rb+ and Cs+. One or more types of salt selected from a group consisting of KSO3CF3 and KN(SO2CF3)2 can be cited as examples of the additive.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte solution, in which the electrolyte solution contains a compound represented by the following Formula (1). The negative electrode includes a graphite negative electrode active material and a Si composite material. The Si composite material is a particle which is formed of a matrix including an oxidized Si or a Si alloy, and a Si crystallite has a size of 50 nm or less which is dispersed in the matrix. (where R1, R2, and R3 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms or an alkoxyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms.) Thus, expansion and contraction of the Si material can be suppressed, as well as co-insertion of the phosphate and lithium ions into graphite in the lithium ion battery including the phosphate can be minimized.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery is intended to suppress deterioration upon storage at high temperature of 50° C. or higher without deteriorating the output characteristics at a room temperature. The battery includes a positive electrode capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, a negative electrode capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte contains a compound having a double bond in the molecule and a compound having a plurality of polymerizable functional groups in the molecule, and the electrolyte contains a compound represented by formula (4): (in which Z1 and Z2 each represent any one of an allyl group, a methallyl group, a vinyl group, an acryl group, and a methacryl group).

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium-ion secondary battery which includes a carbonaceous material in an anodic active material mix, and a cyclic carbonate and a chain carbonate both in an electrolytic solution. The solvent contains an additive which is a substance having a LUMO energy determined through molecular orbital calculation of lower than the LUMO energy of ethylene carbonate determined through molecular orbital calculation and having a HOMO energy lower than the HOMO energy of vinylene carbonate determined through molecular orbital calculation, the electrolytic solution contains LiPF6 or LiBF4 as an electrolyte, and the electrolytic solution shows a reduction-reaction current of ?0.05 mA/cm2 (provided that a reaction current on the reducing side be negative) or less at a potential lower than 1 V and shows an oxidation-reaction current of 0.5 mA/cm2 (provided that a reaction current on the oxidizing side be positive) or more at a potential higher than 5.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery is intended to suppress deterioration upon storage at high temperature of 50° C. or higher without deteriorating the output characteristics at a room temperature. The battery includes a positive electrode capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, a negative electrode capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and an electrolyte, in which the electrolyte contains a compound represented by formula (1) (R?O)nSiR4-n??(Formula 1) where R? represents an alkyl group, R is selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alicyclic group, and an aryl group, each of R? and R may be identical or different from each other, the alkyl group has a straight or branched chain having fewer than 10 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1 to 3, and a compound having a polymerizable group in the molecule.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery is intended to suppress deterioration upon storage at high temperature of 50° C. or higher without deteriorating the output characteristics at a room temperature. The battery includes a positive electrode capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, a negative electrode capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte contains a compound having a double bond in the molecule and a compound having a plurality of polymerizable functional groups in the molecule, and the electrolyte contains a compound represented by formula (4): (in which Z1 and Z2 each represent any one of an allyl group, a methallyl group, a vinyl group, an acryl group, and a methacryl group).

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery is disclosed which includes: a cathode that is capable of storing/releasing a lithium ion, an anode that is capable of storing/releasing a lithium ion, a separator that separates the electrodes from each other, and an electrolyte solution. The cathode includes a cathode-active material and an electroconductive material comprised of at least one gas-generating resin that is decomposed with generation of a gas at a temperature at which oxygen is eliminated from the cathode-active material, and an electroconductive filler.