Abstract: A method for manufacturing a superconducting article, comprising the steps of: forming a first layer comprising a mixture of LnBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x and Ln.sub.2 BaCuO.sub.x ' on the surface of a substrate, said Ln being an optional rare earth element; then forming a second layer comprising a mixture of at least CuO and BaCuO.sub.2 on the surface of the first layer; and then melting the mixture in the second layer to cause the resultant melt of the mixture in the second layer to diffusion-react with Ln.sub.2 BaCuO.sub.x ' in the first layer so as to convert the first and second layers into a film of a superconducting substance comprising LnBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x ; thereby manufacturing a superconducting article comprising the substrate and the film of the superconducting substance formed on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A magnetic shield which comprises: a plurality of metallic cylinders connected to each other in the axial direction thereof, each of the plurality of cylinders having at one end thereof an engaging section for receiving an end of an adjacent metallic cylinder to be connected thereto; and a film of a composite oxide superconducting material containing a Cu.sub.x O.sub.y -radical, formed on the entire inner surface of each of the plurality of cylinders, including the inner surface of the engaging section thereof. The above-mentioned magnetic shield can easily be scaled up and has a high magnetic shielding effect.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprises at least two cell members, each of which has a flat-plate solid electrolyte having a fuel electrode layer on one surface thereof and an air electrode layer on the other surface thereof, separators, each of which is arranged between the cell members and comprises frame materials and metallic sheets having concave and convex portions and being coupled to the frame materials, a fuel supply path for supplying fuel and an air supply path for supplying air, a fuel discharge path for disharging fuel and an air exhaust path for exhausting air and collector members mounted on the outer sides of the separators of the highest and lowest stages.

Abstract: Insert 1 comprises thin substrate made by cold-rolling, and two bonding alloy layers formed by plating on the upper and lower surfaces of substrate, respectively. Both layers is extremely thin, and is made of an alloy having a melting point lower than that of substrate. Insert 1 is used to achieve liquid phase diffusion bonding of first and second base metals. Insert 1 is interposed between first base metal and second base metal. Then, insert 1 and base metals are clamped together with a pressure of, for example, 0.5 kgf/mm.sup.2, and are placed in a atmosphere of a low pressure of about 10.sup.-4 Torr and heated to the melting point of alloy layers or to a temperature above this melting point but below the melting points of substrate and plates.