Abstract: A liquid crystal display may have a thin-film transistor layer with an array of pixel electrode structures for applying electric fields to a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal display may also have a color filter layer with an array of color filter elements. The color filter elements may allow the display to display color images. The color filter layer may be interposed between the thin-film transistor layer and a backlight. The liquid crystal layer may be sandwiched between the thin-film transistor layer and the color filter layer. The color filter layer may have a transparent substrate on which the color filter elements are formed. Black masking structures may be formed on a transparent overcoat layer that covers the color filter elements. Black column spacers may be formed from the same layer of material that forms the black masking structures.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display may have a layer of liquid crystal material. The display may have an array of display pixel circuits. The display pixel circuits may each include a display pixel electrode that applies electric fields to a corresponding portion of the liquid crystal material. Thin-film transistor circuitry and other structures in the display pixels may control operation of the display pixels circuits. The thin-film transistor circuitry may be configured to handle operation of the display at multiple refresh rates. To accommodate multiple refresh rates, each pixel circuit may include a pair of transistors. A first transistor is used to apply data signals from a data line to the display pixel electrode. A storage capacitor is used to maintain the data signal on the electrode. The second transistor may be used to adjust the capacitance of the storage capacitor depending on the refresh rate of the display.

Abstract: A touch screen including display pixels with capacitive elements is provided. The touch screen includes first common voltage lines connecting capacitive elements in adjacent display pixels, and a second common voltage line connecting first common voltage lines. Groups of pixels can be formed as electrically separated regions by including breaks in the common voltage lines. The regions can include a drive region that is stimulated by stimulation signals, a sense region that receives sense signals corresponding to the stimulation signals. A grounded region can also be included, for example, between a sense region and a drive region. A shield layer can be formed of a substantially high resistance material and disposed to shield a sense region. A black mask line and conductive line under the black mask line can be included, for example, to provide low-resistance paths between a region of pixels and touch circuitry outside the touch screen borders.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display. The display may be formed from an array of organic light-emitting diode display pixels. Each display pixel may have an organic light-emitting diode having an anode and a cathode and may have an associated pixel circuit for controlling the light-emitting diode. The anodes may be formed from patches of metal arranged in an array on the display. The display pixels may be controlled using data lines and gate lines. The gate lines may control thin-film transistors in the pixel circuits. Gate driver circuitry along the left and right edges of the display may supply signals to the gate lines. The pixel circuits may be located in the center of the display between the gate driver circuitry. Some of the anodes may overlap the pixel circuits and some of the anodes may overlap the gate driver circuitry.

Abstract: A display may have a thin-film transistor (TFT) layer and a color filter layer. The TFT layer may have a first substrate, a first black masking layer, a planarization layer, and a layer of TFT circuitry on the planarization layer. The color filter layer may have a second substrate and a second black masking layer on the second substrate. A portion of the inactive area may serve as a logo area for displaying desired information to the user. A reflective structure may be formed on the bottom surface of the planarization layer, on the bottom surface of the first substrate, on the bottom surface of the second substrate, or on the upper surface of the first substrate in the logo area. In another embodiment, the logo area may be backlit by transmitting light through one or more openings in the first and second black masking layers in the logo area.

Abstract: Gate line driver circuitry applies an output pulse to each of several gate lines for a display element array. The circuitry has a number of gate drivers each being coupled to drive a respective one of the gate lines. Each of the gate drivers has an output stage in which a high side transistor and a low side transistor are coupled to drive the respective gate line, responsive to at least one clock signal. A pull down transistor is coupled to discharge a control electrode of the output stage. A control circuit having a cascode amplifier is coupled to drive the pull down transistor as a function of a) at least one clock signal and b) feedback from the control electrode. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Abstract: A display may have a thin-film transistor (TFT) layer and color filter layer. Light blocking structures in an inactive area of the display may prevent stray backlight from leaking out of the display. The thin-film transistor layer may have a first substrate, a first black masking layer, a planarization layer, and a layer of TFT circuitry on the planarization layer. The color filter layer may have a second substrate and a second black masking layer on the second substrate. Light-cured sealant may be formed between the TFT layer and the color filter layer. Gaps may be formed in the second black masking layer to allow light to cure the sealant. At least a portion of the TFT circuitry may serve to block stray backlight penetrating through the gaps in the second black masking layer during normal operation of the display.

Abstract: Integrated touch screens are provided including drive lines formed of grouped-together circuit elements of a thin film transistor layer and sense lines formed between a color filter layer and a material layer that modifies or generates light. The common electrodes (Vcom) in the TFT layer can be grouped together during a touch sensing operation to form drive lines. Sense lines can be formed on an underside of a color filter glass, and a liquid crystal region can be disposed between the color filter glass and the TFT layer. Placing the sense lines on the underside of the color filter glass, i.e., within the display pixel cell, can provide a benefit of allowing the color filter glass to be thinned after the pixel cells have been assembled, for example.

Abstract: The present invention provides a structure of a resistor comprising: a substrate having an interfacial layer thereon; a resistor trench formed in the interfacial layer; at least a work function metal layer covering the surface of the resistor trench; at least two metal bulks located at two ends of the resistor trench and adjacent to the work function metal layer; and a filler formed between the two metal bulks inside the resistor trench, wherein the metal bulks are direct in contact with the filler.

Abstract: A touch screen display may include gate line driver circuitry coupled to a display pixel array. The display may be provided with intra-frame pausing (IFP) capabilities, where touch or other operations may be performed during one or more intra-frame blanking intervals. In one suitable arrangement, a gate driver circuit may include multiple gate line driver segments each of which is activated by a separate gate start pulse. Each gate start pulse may only be released at the end of an IFP interval. In another suitable arrangement, dummy gate driver units may be interposed among active gate driver units. Gate output signals may propagate through the dummy gate driver units during the IFP internal. In another suitable arrangement, each active gate driver unit may be provided with a buffer portion that protects at least some transistor in the gate driver unit from undesired stress.

Abstract: A display may have a thin-film-transistor layer with a substrate layer. A layer of dielectric may be formed on the substrate layer and may have an upper surface and a lower surface. The thin-film-transistor layer may include an array of display pixels. Data lines and gate lines may provide signals to the display pixels. Gate driver circuitry in an inactive peripheral portion of the display may include a gate driver circuit for each gate line. The gate driver circuits may include thin-film transistors that are formed on the upper surface of the layer of dielectric. Signal lines such as a gate low line, a gate routing line coupled between the gate driver circuits, and a common electrode line may be formed from two or more layers of metal to reduce their widths or may be embedded within the dielectric layer between the upper and lower surfaces under the thin-film transistors.

Abstract: Displays with touch sensing circuitry integrated into the display pixel stackup are provided. An integrated touch screen can include multi-function circuit elements that can operate as circuitry of the display system to generate an image on the display, and can also form part of a touch sensing system that senses one or more touches on or near the display. The multi-function circuit elements can be, for example, capacitors in display pixels that can be configured to operate as storage capacitors/electrodes, common electrodes, conductive wires/pathways, etc., of the display circuitry in the display system, and that may also be configured to operate as circuit elements of the touch sensing circuitry.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display having an array of display pixels on a substrate. The display pixels may be organic light-emitting diode display pixels or display pixels in a liquid crystal display. In an organic light-emitting diode display, hybrid thin-film transistor structures may be formed that include semiconducting oxide thin-film transistors, silicon thin-film transistors, and capacitor structures. The capacitor structures may overlap the semiconducting oxide thin-film transistors. Organic light-emitting diode display pixels may have combinations of oxide and silicon transistors. In a liquid crystal display, display driver circuitry may include silicon thin-film transistor circuitry and display pixels may be based on oxide thin-film transistors. A single layer or two different layers of gate metal may be used in forming silicon transistor gates and oxide transistor gates. A silicon transistor may have a gate that overlaps a floating gate structure.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display having an array of organic light-emitting diode display pixels that produce light that forms an image. Color filter elements may be used to allow the display to present color images. Each display pixel may have a red subpixel, a blue subpixel, a green subpixel, and a white subpixel. To adjust the color coordinates of the white pixel and thereby ensure that the light from the white pixel has a desired white point, part of the white subpixel may be overlapped by an area of colored color filter material. The white subpixel may, for example have a rectangular white area within which a patch of blue color filter material may be provided to make the white light from the white subpixel more bluish than it would be without the patch of blue color filter material.

Abstract: Systems including and methods for forming a backplane for an electronic display are presented. The backplane includes interlaced crystallized regions, and the interlaced crystallized regions include at least a left column of crystallized regions and a right column of crystallized regions. The left and right columns include rows of crystallized regions with gaps disposed between each of the rows. Furthermore, each crystallized region in the left column extends into a corresponding gap in the right column, and each crystallized region in the right column extends into a corresponding gap in the left column.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display having substrate layers such as a glass color filter layer substrate and a glass thin-film-transistor layer substrate. Display layers such as first and second layers of polymer, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the layers of polymer, color filter elements, and thin-film-transistor circuitry may be formed between the color filter layer substrate and the thin-film-transistor layer substrate. Flexible inactive portions of the display layers may protrude outward from between the color filter layer substrate and the thin-film-transistor substrate. Touch sensor circuitry may be formed from a flexible polymer substrate. The touch sensor circuitry may include conductive touch sensor lines and capacitive electrodes. Each conductive line may be coupled to only a single end of a respective one of the capacitive electrodes.

Abstract: A stress memorization process including the following step is provided. A gate is formed on a substrate. A low-k dielectric layer with a dielectric constant lower than 3 is formed to entirely cover the gate and the substrate. A stress layer is formed to entirely cover the low-k dielectric layer. The stress layer and the low-k dielectric layer are removed. Moreover, a semiconductor structure including a contact etch stop layer is provided. A gate is disposed on a substrate. A porous layer entirely covers the gate and the substrate. A contact etch stop layer entirely covers the porous layer, wherein the thickness of the porous layer is thinner than the thickness of the contact etch stop layer.

Abstract: A touch screen display may include gate line driver circuitry coupled to a display pixel array. The display may be provided with intra-frame pausing, (IFP) capabilities, where touch or other operations may be performed during one or more intra-frame blanking intervals. In one suitable arrangement, a gate driver circuit may include multiple gate line driver segments each of which is activated by a separate gate start pulse. Each gate start pulse may only be released at the end of an IFP interval. In another suitable arrangement, dummy gate driver units may be interposed among active gate driver units. Gate output signals may propagate through the dummy gate driver units during the IFP internal. In another suitable arrangement, each active gate driver unit may be provided with a buffer portion that protects at least some transistor in the gate driver unit from undesired stress.

Abstract: A display may have a thin-film transistor layer and a color filter layer. The display may include light blocking structures formed on a transparent substrate. In one arrangement, a clear planarization layer may be formed over the light blocking structures. The thin-film transistor layer may be formed over the planarization layer. The color filter layer may be integrated with the thin-film transistor layer. At least light blocking structures and the planarization layer should be formed from high temperature resistance material. In another arrangement, the color filter layer may be formed on the light blocking structures. A clear planarization layer may then be formed over the color filter layer. The thin-film transistor layer may be formed on the planarization layer. In this arrangement, the color filter layer also needs to be formed from thermal resistance material.

Abstract: Devices and methods for reducing or eliminating image artifacts are provided. By way of example, a display panel includes row common voltage (VCOM) electrodes each having a first width. The row VCOM electrodes extend along a first direction of the display panel. The display panel also includes column VCOM electrodes each having a second width. The column VCOM electrodes extend along a second direction of the display panel perpendicular to the first direction. The second width of the column VCOM electrodes may be substantially less than the first width of the row VCOM electrodes to increase a resistance of the column VCOM electrodes. By increasing the resistance of the column VCOM electrodes, image artifacts on the display panel may be prevented or eliminated.