Abstract: A method includes depositing a first work-function layer and a second work-function layer in a first device region and a second device region, respectively, and depositing a first fluorine-blocking layer and a second fluorine-blocking layer in the first device region and the second device region, respectively. The first fluorine-blocking layer is over the first work-function layer, and the second fluorine-blocking layer is over the second work-function layer. The method further includes removing the second fluorine-blocking layer, and forming a first metal-filling layer over the first fluorine-blocking layer, and a second metal-filling layer over the second work-function layer.

Abstract: Semiconductor device structures having gate structures with tunable threshold voltages are provided. Various geometries of device structure can be varied to tune the threshold voltages. In some examples, distances from tops of fins to tops of gate structures can be varied to tune threshold voltages. In some examples, distances from outermost sidewalls of gate structures to respective nearest sidewalls of nearest fins to the respective outermost sidewalls (which respective gate structure overlies the nearest fin) can be varied to tune threshold voltages.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a bone void filler and a method for manufacturing the same by natural calcium-containing waste, which comprises steps of mixing 5-20 wt % of a calcium-containing waste powder, 5-20 wt % of acetic acid and a remaining weight percentage of water uniformly to obtain a mixing solution; adding 5-20 vol % of a diammonium hydrogen phosphate solution to the mixing solution to obtain a suspension; controlling a pH value of the suspension to obtain an alkaline solution; leaving the alkaline solution at room temperature for precipitation for 0.1 to 72 hours, centrifuging or suction filtrating the alkaline solution to obtain a precipitate, drying and grinding the precipitate to obtain hydroxyapatite; and mixing 30-60 wt % of a pore former and 30-60 wt % of the hydroxyapatite and a remaining weight percentage of a binder uniformly to form a mixture, compression molding the mixture in a mold and sintering the compression-molded mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a two-stage sintering method for preparing a porous biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic from calcium-containing biological waste, wherein hydroxyapatite prepared from calcium-containing waste is mixed with a foaming agent to prepare a bone graft material having medicinal use through two-stage sintering.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a bone void filler and a method for manufacturing the same by natural calcium-containing waste, which comprises steps of mixing 5-20 wt % of a calcium-containing waste powder, 5-20 wt % of acetic acid and a remaining weight percentage of water uniformly to obtain a mixing solution; adding 5-20 vol % of a diammonium hydrogen phosphate solution to the mixing solution to obtain a suspension; controlling a pH value of the suspension to obtain an alkaline solution; leaving the alkaline solution at room temperature for precipitation for 0.1 to 72 hours, centrifuging or suction filtrating the alkaline solution to obtain a precipitate, drying and grinding the precipitate to obtain hydroxyapatite; and mixing 30-60 wt % of a pore former and 30-60 wt % of the hydroxyapatite and a remaining weight percentage of a binder uniformly to form a mixture, compression molding the mixture in a mold and sintering the compression-molded mixture.