Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter and an operation method thereof are provided. The digital-to-analog converter includes a current source module, a decoder, a change indicator, and a random number generator. The decoder is coupled to the current source module and receives a digital input signal. The change indicator is coupled to the decoder and provides an indication signal to the decoder. The random number generator is coupled to the change indicator and provides a random number signal to the change indicator. The change indicator generates an indication signal according to the random number signal, and the decoder generates a control signal to the current source module according to the digital input signal and the indication signal, so that the current source module generates an analog output signal corresponding to the digital input signal according to the control signal.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a substituted cyclooctatetraene triplet excited-state quencher compound of Formula (I): wherein: Z is a wide band gap moiety; L is a non-conjugating linker group; each R, which may be the same or different, is a non-conjugating substituent; n is an integer from 0 to 7; and m is an integer from 1 to 6. The disclosure further relates to use of such compounds as triplet quenchers, compositions comprising such compounds, films or coatings comprising said compounds or compositions, and use of said compositions or films or coatings as active gain media for light amplification.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (1) exhibits high photoluminescence quantum yields, high radiative decay constant and low ASE thresholds from solution-processed neat and blend films. Ar1 and Ar2 are aryl groups, L is a divalent group having a group of the formula (2), and R is H or a diarylamino group. At least one alkyl group having at least five carbon atoms which are bonded is present in the formula (1).

Abstract: An ADC calibration system includes a clock generating circuit, under test ADCs, a standard ADC, and a calibration circuit. The clock generating circuit generates operation clocks according to a system clock, and generates a calibration clock according to the system clock and a selection signal. The under test ADCs sample an input signal according to the operation clocks to output under test sampling results. The standard ADC samples the input signal according to the calibration clock to output a standard sampling result. The calibration circuit makes the phases of the calibration clock and a first operation clock received by a first ADC to be the same. The calibration circuit compares the standard sampling result with a first under test sampling result to generate calibration information corresponding to the first under test sampling result, and calibrates the first under test sampling result according to the calibration information.

Abstract: A charge-neutral organometallic dendrimer is described, said dendrimer having the formula (I): CORE-[DENDRITE(-Q)a]n??(I) in which CORE represents a group of formula MXxYz, in which M represents a metal cation, x represents an integer of 1 or more, each X which may be the same or different represents a mono-, bi- or tri-dentate coordinating group, z represents 0 or an integer of 1 or more, and each Y which may be the same or different represents a coordinating group, the total of (b.x)+(c.

Abstract: A gripper applied in a transport mechanism for transporting a wafer is provided. The transport mechanism includes a bar. The gripper includes a fixing member fixed to the bar, and a carrying member. The fixing member includes two grooves adjacent to the bottom of the fixing member. Each groove includes an entrance and a retaining portion. The carrying member includes a notch and a first claw. The notch is located at the top of the carrying member and communicates two opposite sides of the carrying member. The notch includes two inner walls, each having a protrusion. The carrying member is assembled to the fixing member by sliding each protrusion along one of the grooves from the corresponding entrance and until abutting against the corresponding retaining portion. The first claw is located at a first sidewall of the carrying member. The edge of the wafer is supportable by the first claw.

Abstract: Light emitting devices are described which incorporate, as the light emitting element, a dendrimer of which the constituent dendrons include a conjugated dendritic structure comprising aryl and/or heteroaryl groups connected to each other via bonds between sp2 hybridised ring atoms of said aryl or heteroaryl groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to a hat emitting device which comprises at least one layer that contains an organometallic dendrimer having a core comprising a metal cation. The invention also relates to organometallic dendrimers and methods for producing the same.

Abstract: The invention provides a cyclometallated complex comprising the structure of formula I wherein: M is a d-block transition metal; B is a five- or six-membered aryl or heteroaryl ring which is optionally substituted and optionally fused to one or more other aryl or heteroaryl rings; A is a five- or six-membered heteroaryl ring comprising at least three nitrogen atoms; R1 is a group other than hydrogen; n is zero or an integer equal to or greater than one; and A and B are optionally fused or linked by one or more covalent bonds. The invention also provides the use of such complexes in optoelectronic devices, and in particular in organic light emitting devices.

Abstract: Light emitting devices are described which incorporate, as the light emitting element, a dendrimer of which the constituent dendrons include a conjugated dendritic structure comprising aryl and/or heteroaryl groups connected to each other via bonds between sp2 hybridised ring atoms of said aryl or heteroaryl groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to a hat emitting device which comprises at least one layer that contains an organometallic dendrimer having a core comprising a metal cation. The invention also relates to organometallic dendrimers and methods for producing the same.

Abstract: Light emitting devices are described which incorporate, as the light emitting element, a dendrimer of which the constituent dendrons include a conjugated dendritic structure comprising aryl and/or heteroaryl groups connected to each other via bonds between sp2 hybridized ring atoms of said aryl or heteroaryl groups.

Abstract: Asymmetric light-emitting dendrimers having the formulae: (a) CORE-[DENDRITE1]n[DENDRITE2]m and (b) CORE-[DENDRITE]n are disclosed.

Abstract: A charge-neutral organometallic dendrimer is described, said dendrimer having the formula (I): CORE-[DENDRITE(-Q)a]n??(I) in which CORE represents a group of formula MXXYZ, in which M represents a metal cation, x represents an integer of 1 or more, each X which may be the same or different represents a mono-, bi- or tri-dentate coordinating group, z represents 0 or an integer of 1 or more, and each Y which may be the same or different represents a coordinating group, the total of (b.x)+(c.

Abstract: This invention relates to a light emitting device which comprises at least one layer that contains an organometallic dendrimer having a core comprising a metal cation. The invention also relates to organometallic dendrimers and methods for producing the same.

Abstract: A charge-neutral organometallic dendrimer is described, said dendrimer having the formula (I): CORE-[DENDRITE(-Q)a]n??(I) in which CORE represents a group of formula MXxYz, in which M represents a metal cation, x represents an integer of 1 or more, each X which may be the same or different represents a mono-, bi- or tri-dentate coordinating group, z represents 0 or an integer of 1 or more, and each Y which may be the same or different represents a coordinating group, the total of (b.x)+(c.

Abstract: Light emitting devices are described which incorporate, as the light emitting element, a dendrimer of which the constituent dendrons include a conjugated dendritic structure comprising aryl and/or heteroaryl groups connected to each other via bonds between sp2 hybridized ring atoms of said aryl or heteroaryl groups.

Abstract: The invention provides a cyclometallated complex comprising the structure of formula I wherein: M is a d-block transition metal; B is a five- or six-membered aryl or heteroaryl ring which is optionally substituted and optionally fused to one or more other aryl or heteroaryl rings; A is a five- or six-membered heteroaryl ring comprising at least three nitrogen atoms; R1 is a group other than hydrogen; n is zero or an integer equal to or greater than one; and A and B are optionally fused or linked by one or more covalent bonds. The invention also provides the use of such complexes in optoelectronic devices, and in particular in organic light emitting devices.

Abstract: This invention relates to a light emitting device which comprises at least one layer that contains an organometallic dendrimer having a core comprising a metal cation. The invention also relates to organometallic dendrimers and methods for producing the same.

Abstract: The invention provides a cyclometallated complex comprising the structure of formula I wherein: M is a d-block transition metal; B is a five- or six-membered aryl or heteroaryl ring which is optionally substituted and optionally fused to one or more other aryl or heteroaryl rings; A is a five- or six-membered heteroaryl ring comprising at least three nitrogen atoms; R1 is a group other than hydrogen; n is zero or an integer equal to or greater than one; and A and B are optionally fused or linked by one or more covalent bonds. The invention also provides the use of such complexes in optoelectronic devices, and in particular in organic light emitting devices.