Abstract: A semiconductor transistor structure includes a substrate with a first conductivity type, a fin structure grown on the substrate, and a gate on the fin structure. The fin structure includes a first epitaxial layer having a second conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type, a second epitaxial layer on the first epitaxial layer, and a third epitaxial layer having the second conductivity type on the second epitaxial layer.

Abstract: A high temperature reaction system includes a reaction tube including a heating space, a discharge unit, a cooling unit, a feeding unit and an observation and analysis unit. The discharge unit is disposed opposite to an inlet of the heating space and has a discharge space communicating the heating space, and an observation window and a discharge opening which communicate the discharge space. The cooling unit has a cooling space communicating the discharge opening. The feeding unit includes a carrier holding a sample, and a moving module for moving the carrier and the sample. The observation and analysis unit includes an image capture module and an analysis module for analyzing gas released by the sample.

Abstract: A chiral catalyst represented by formula (II) is provided. In formula (II), Y independently includes hydrogen, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, CmH2m+1 or OCmH2m+1, wherein m=1-10 and n=1-10. A heterogeneous chiral catalyst is also provided. The heterogeneous chiral catalyst includes the chiral catalyst represented by formula (II), and a substrate connected to the chiral catalyst.

Abstract: A chiral catalyst represented by formula (II) is provided. In formula (II), Y independently includes hydrogen, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, CmH2m+1 or OCmH2m+1, wherein m=1-10 and n=1-10. A heterogeneous chiral catalyst is also provided. The heterogeneous chiral catalyst includes the chiral catalyst represented by formula (II), and a substrate connected to the chiral catalyst.

Abstract: A chiral catalyst represented by formula (I) is provided. In formula (I), Z?Z1 or Z2, and the combination of Z1 and Z2 in formula (I) includes Y independently includes hydrogen, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, CmH2m+1 or OCmH2m+1, m=1-10, and n=1-10. A heterogeneous chiral catalyst including the chiral catalyst is also provided.

Abstract: A high temperature reaction system includes a reaction tube including a heating space, a discharge unit, a cooling unit, a feeding unit and an observation and analysis unit. The discharge unit is disposed opposite to an inlet of the heating space and has a discharge space communicating the heating space, and an observation window and a discharge opening which communicate the discharge space. The cooling unit has a cooling space communicating the discharge opening. The feeding unit includes a carrier holding a sample, and a moving module for moving the carrier and the sample. The observation and analysis unit includes an image capture module and an analysis module for analyzing gas released by the sample.

Abstract: A device for continuously manufacturing acrylate compound and a method for continuously manufacturing acrylate compound are provided. The device for continuously manufacturing acrylate compound includes a reaction system, a feed tank and a collection tank. The feed tank connects to the inlet port of the reaction system, in order to introduce an alcohol compound and acrylic acid compound into the reaction system. The collection tank connects to the outlet port of the reaction system, in order to collect the acrylate compound. In particular, the reaction system includes at least two reaction units, an inlet port and an outlet port, wherein each reaction unit includes a microreactor and a centrifugal element.

Abstract: A method for preparing a nitrate ester is provided. The method includes providing a first solution including a compound (which has at least one hydroxyl group) and a carboxylic acid having 2-5 carbon atoms; providing a second solution including nitric acid, acetic anhydride, and acetic acid; and transferring the first solution and the second solution to a microreactor, obtaining a nitrate ester after a residence time. In particular, the ratio of the weight of nitric acid to the total volume of the acetic anhydride and acetic acid is 1:1 to 1:3.5. The ratio of the molar amount of nitric acid to the hydroxyl group equivalent of the compound is from 1:1 to 15:1.

Abstract: A method for preparing a nitrate ester is provided. The method includes providing a first solution including a compound (which has at least one hydroxyl group) and a carboxylic acid having 2-5 carbon atoms; providing a second solution including nitric acid, acetic anhydride, and acetic acid; and transferring the first solution and the second solution to a microreactor, obtaining a nitrate ester after a residence time. In particular, the ratio of the weight of nitric acid to the total volume of the acetic anhydride and acetic acid is 1:1 to 1:3.5. The ratio of the molar amount of nitric acid to the hydroxyl group equivalent of the compound is from 1:1 to 15:1.

Abstract: A high-efficiency method for producing metal from metal oxide by carbothermic reduction includes step in which a holed cake is provided, which has a composition comprising a metal oxide, a carbonaceous reducing agent, and a binder, and the holed cake has a plurality of holes. The method continues with step in which the holed cake is placed in a high-temperature furnace for carbothermic reduction, to reduce the metal oxide in the holed cake into a metal.

Abstract: A method for maintaining a file system of a computer system is disclosed. An operating system is loaded to the computer system when the computer system is booted, such that the file system of the computer system is monitored in real time after the computer system is booted. When occurrence of an error in the file system is detected, a number of times the error has occurred is accumulated. When the number of times the error has occurred reaches a predetermined threshold, a notification message is generated and displayed on an electronic apparatus. Accordingly, a manager of the computer system may be notified immediately when the occurrence of the error in the file system is detected.

Abstract: A compound and a liquid-crystal composition employing the same are provided. The compound has a structure represented by Formula (I) wherein Za and Zb are independently A1, A2, A3 and A4 are independently single bond, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 are independently single bond, R is independently hydrogen, or C1-4 alkyl group; R1 and R2 are independently single bond, —O—(CH2)n—, —CH?CH—(CH2)2—, —(CH2)2—CH?CH—, —CH?CH—, or —C?C—; n is an integer from 1 to 6; B1 and B2 are independently and, R3 is hydrogen, or methyl group.

Abstract: An optical device is provided, which includes a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, and a liquid-crystal material disposed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. The liquid-crystal material includes a photo responsive material with a chemical structure of: wherein A1 is A2 and A3 are independently X is halogen. R is H, C1-12 alkyl group, or C1-12 alkoxy group. R? is C1-12 alkyl group.

Abstract: A zoom lens is provided, which includes an electrode pattern on a substrate, and a liquid-crystal material on the electrode pattern. The electrode pattern includes a plurality of concentric ring electrodes surrounding an innermost electrode. Each of the concentric ring electrodes has an opening. A first trace extends from a first electrode out of an outermost concentric ring electrode to the innermost electrode. The first trace has greater resistance than the concentric ring electrodes and the innermost electrode. A second trace connecting the innermost electrode and a second electrode out of the outermost concentric ring electrode through the openings. The liquid-crystal material includes a liquid-crystal compound with a chemical structure of wherein R is C4-10 alkyl group, n=1 or 2, and each of X is independently H or F.

Abstract: A compound and a liquid-crystal composition employing the same are provided. The compound has a structure represented by Formula (I) wherein Za and Zb are independently A1, A2, A3 and A4 are independently single bond, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 are independently single bond, R is independently hydrogen, or C1-4 alkyl group; R1 and R2 are independently single bond, —O—(CH2)n—, —CH?CH—(CH2)2—, —(CH2)2—CH?CH—, —CH?CH—, or —C?C—; n is an integer from 1 to 6; B1 and B2 are independently and, R3 is hydrogen, or methyl group.

Abstract: A compound and a liquid-crystal composition employing the same are provided. The compound has a structure represented by Formula (I) wherein Za and Zb are independently A1, A2, A3, and A4 are independently Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 are independently single bond, R is independently hydrogen, or C1-4 alkyl group; R1 and R2 are independently —O—(CH2)n—, —CH?CH—(CH2)2—, —(CH2)2—CH?CH—, —CH?CH—, or —C?C—; n is an integer from 1 to 6; B1 and B2 are independently and, R3 is hydrogen, or methyl group.

Abstract: An optical device is provided, which includes a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, and a liquid-crystal material disposed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. The liquid-crystal material includes a photo responsive material with a chemical structure of: wherein A1 is A2 and A3 are independently X is halogen. R is H, C1-12 alkyl group, or C1-12 alkoxy group. R? is C1-12 alkyl group.

Abstract: Organic metal compounds, organic light-emitting devices, and lighting devices employing the same are provided. The organic metal compound has a chemical structure represented by Formula (I): wherein M is Ir, Pt, Ru, Os, Cu, Au, or Pd; n is 1, 2, or 3; m is 0, 1, or 2, and the sum of m and n is equal to a valence of M; L is a bidentate ligand; R1 is hydrogen, C1-9 alkyl group, C5-10 cycloalkyl group, or C5-12 aromatic group; each of R2 is independent and can be hydrogen, halogen, cyano group, C1-9 alkyl group, C1-6 fluoroalkyl group, C5-10 cycloalkyl group, or C5-12 aromatic group; R3 is halogen; and, R4 and R5 are independently the same or different hydrogen, hydroxyl group, amine group, alkyl amine group, halogen, cyano group, C1-9 alkyl group, C1-6 fluoroalkyl group, C5-10 cycloalkyl group, or C5-12 aromatic group.

Abstract: A method for maintaining a file system of a computer system is disclosed. An operating system is loaded to the computer system when the computer system is booted, such that the file system of the computer system is monitored in real time after the computer system is booted. When occurrence of an error in the file system is detected, a number of times the error has occurred is accumulated. When the number of times the error has occurred reaches a predetermined threshold, a notification message is generated and displayed on an electronic apparatus. Accordingly, a manager of the computer system may be notified immediately when the occurrence of the error in the file system is detected.

Abstract: A method for maintaining a file system of a computer system is disclosed. An operating system is loaded to the computer system when the computer system is booted, such that the file system of the computer system is monitored in real time after the computer system is booted. When occurrence of an error in the file system is detected, a number of times the error has occurred is accumulated. When the number of times the error has occurred reaches a predetermined threshold, a notification message is generated and displayed on an electronic apparatus. Accordingly, a manager of the computer system may be notified immediately when the occurrence of the error in the file system is detected.