Abstract: A torque sensor for electrically assisting a vehicle with pedals includes a housing, a first gear, an actuator, and a control circuit. The housing defines a receiving chamber and is configured to be coupled to a drive member. The first gear is rotatably mounted in the receiving chamber. The actuator is received in the receiving chamber and is driven by the first gear. The control circuit including a resistor is received in the receiving chamber and the actuator slides along the resistor as a rider applies force to the pedals, thus for adjusting a resistance value of the control circuit, to allow the control circuit to output a signal which governs the assisting power. The disclosure also includes an electric bicycle using the torque sensor.

Abstract: A torque sensor for electrically assisting a vehicle with pedals includes a housing, a rotating member, an actuator, and an resistor. The housing defines a receiving chamber and is configured to be coupled to the driving member. The rotating member is rotatably mounted in the receiving chamber and configured to rotate under an external force. The resistor is received in the receiving chamber and the actuator slides along the electrical resistance and compresses a spring as a rider applies force to the pedals. The variable resistor is coupled to a controlling module which governs the assisting power. The disclosure also includes an electric bicycle using the torque sensor.

Abstract: A voltage converting device includes first and second stage circuits for converting a differential voltage to an output signal that has a magnitude smaller than the differential voltage. The second stage circuit includes input transistors for receiving voltages from the first stage circuit, output transistors for outputting the output signal, and a clamp module to clamp voltages at the input transistors of the second stage circuit.

Abstract: A stator includes a winding core and a plurality of winding mechanisms. A plurality of winding grooves are defined on an inner surface of the winding core. Each of the winding mechanisms includes a first conductive wire and a second conductive wire. The first conductive wire includes a first curve portion, a first pin, and a second pin. The second conductive wire includes a second curve portion, a third pin, and a forth pin. The first conductive wire and the second conductive wire can be alternately connected together one by one via a first pin, a second pin, a third pin, and a forth pin to form two coils.

Abstract: A motor includes a rotor, a stator, a housing, and a driving shaft. The rotor includes a rotor body and two rotor covers fixed with two ends of the rotor body respectively. The stator sleeves on the rotor body. The housing sleeves on the stator. The housing includes a base body base, a first cover, and a second cover. The base body sleeves on the stator. The first cover and the second cover assembling with opposite ends of the base body correspondingly. The first cover defines an oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole. A driving shaft passes through and non-rotatably connected to the rotor body and the two rotor covers. Two recesses are separately formed in an inner surface of the base body and two gaps formed between the base body and the stator thereof corresponding to the oil inlet hole and the oil outlet hole.

Abstract: A rotor includes a rotor body and a plurality of permanent magnet received in the rotor body. The rotor body separately defines a plurality of recess troughs on an outer wall of the rotor body. Side surfaces of each recess trough include a bottom surface and two side surfaces. The bottom surface is coupled between the two side surfaces. The bottom surface is a planar surface, and each side surface is a curved surface. The rotor body further defines a plurality of receiving grooves around a circumferential direction of the rotor body and extends along the vertical axis of the rotor body. Each receiving groove receives at least one permanent magnet. Each two adjacent receiving grooves are positioned under one bottom surface, and sidewalls of each two adjacent receiving grooves and the corresponding one bottom surface cooperatively form a T-shaped region.

Abstract: A voltage converting device includes first and second stage circuits for converting a differential voltage to an output signal that has a magnitude smaller than the differential voltage. The second stage circuit includes input transistors for receiving voltages from the first stage circuit, output transistors for outputting the output signal, and a clamp module to clamp voltages at the input transistors of the second stage circuit.

Abstract: A drive device and a drive control method for the electric bicycle are disclosed. The drive device of the electric bicycle is equipped with a power supply/storage unit, a compact motor, an inclination sensor, a brake actuation sensor, a pedal-rotating speed sensor and a drive control module. The drive device performs integrated calculations using the inclination information of the inclination sensor, the brake actuation information of the brake actuation sensor and the pedal-rotating speed information of the pedal-rotating speed sensor, so the drive control modules instructs the compact motor and the power supply/storage unit to quickly enter an auxiliary drive mode for rotating wheels of the electric bicycle, or to enter an energy recovery mode for storing electrical energy generated by the compact motor.

Abstract: A drive device and a drive control method for the electric bicycle are disclosed. The drive device of the electric bicycle is equipped with a power supply/storage unit, a compact motor, an inclination sensor, a brake actuation sensor, a pedal-rotating speed sensor and a drive control module. The drive device performs integrated calculations using the inclination information of the inclination sensor, the brake actuation information of the brake actuation sensor and the pedal-rotating speed information of the pedal-rotating speed sensor, so the drive control modules instructs the compact motor and the power supply/storage unit to quickly enter an auxiliary drive mode for rotating wheels of the electric bicycle, or to enter an energy recovery mode for storing electrical energy generated by the compact motor.

Abstract: The present disclosure related to a control method for a sensorless motor with energy recovery ability, using which duty cycle of a sensorless motor can be changed by the control of complementary switches so as to enable the sensorless motor to switch between a high efficiency driving operation and an energy recovery operation while being activated. Thereby, the conduction loss and the wear and tear to the switches can be minimized while simultaneously enhancing the energy recovery efficiency and thus improving the battery life.

Abstract: An adjustable axial-flux disc motor, that is used in a flat space formed at a side or at the center of a wheel center for driving the wheel to rotate. The motor is activated to perform a rotation movement by the interactions of an electromagnetic field formed from the passing of an electric current through the armatures of its stator and a magnetic field resulting from the permanent magnet of its rotator. Moreover, there is a circular air gap sandwiched between the stator base and the rotator base, and the permanent magnet is further surrounded by coils. By adjusting the excitation current of the coils, the magnetic flux intensity can be modulated accordingly, and as the air gap magnetic flux is varied with the relative positioning of the stator and the rotator, the output characteristic of the motor will be varied accordingly.

Abstract: A reinforcement structure for a disc motor being received in the flat space formed at a side of a wheel center for driving the wheel to rotate as it can be activated to perform a rotation movement by the interactions of an electromagnetic field formed from its stators and a magnetic field resulting from its rotator, comprises: a rib structure, arranged inside a shell housing the disc-like stator for enhancing the structure integrity thereof without causing the thickness thereof to increase and thus maximizing the usefulness of the motor's limited space; and a fixing element, for fixing the stators to the inner side of the motor's outer shell for preventing the stators to be deformed by the magnetic force from the permanent magnets mounted on the rotors while preventing the stators from being attracted by the permanent magnets of the rotors, and thus enabling the motor to operate smoothly.

Abstract: The present disclosure related to a control method for a sensorless motor with energy recovery ability, using which duty cycle of a sensorless motor can be changed by the control of complementary switches so as to enable the sensorless motor to switch between a high efficiency driving operation and an energy recovery operation while being activated. Thereby, the conduction loss and the wear and tear to the switches can be minimized while simultaneously enhancing the energy recovery efficiency and thus improving the battery life.

Abstract: An axial-flux thin-plate motor is disclosed, which includes: a stator formed of an annular disk of silicon steel and comprising a plurality of teeth formed on one side of the annular disk, a plurality of insulation sleeves, each insulation sleeve having a shape which matches each tooth, and a plurality of coils, each coil formed around outside of each insulation sleeve, the coils connected and grouped to form n-phase windings in accordance with a phase number n of the motor; and a rotor formed of a ferromagnetic disk with a plurality of permanent magnets embedded on one side of the ferromagnetic disk.

Abstract: A reinforcement structure for a disc motor being received in the flat space formed at a side of a wheel center for driving the wheel to rotate as it can be activated to perform a rotation movement by the interactions of an electromagnetic field formed from its stators and a magnetic field resulting from its rotator, comprises: a rib structure, arranged inside a shell housing the disc-like stator for enhancing the structure integrity thereof without causing the thickness thereof to increase and thus maximizing the usefulness of the motor's limited space; and a fixing element, for fixing the stators to the inner side of the motor's outer shell for preventing the stators to be deformed by the magnetic force from the permanent magnets mounted on the rotors while preventing the stators from being attracted by the permanent magnets of the rotors, and thus enabling the motor to operate smoothly.

Abstract: An adjustable axial-flux disc motor, that is used in a flat space formed at a side or at the center of a wheel center for driving the wheel to rotate. The motor is activated to perform a rotation movement by the interactions of an electromagnetic field formed from the passing of an electric current through the armatures of its stator and a magnetic field resulting from the permanent magnet of its rotator. Moreover, there is a circular air gap sandwiched between the stator base and the rotator base, and the permanent magnet is further surrounded by coils. By adjusting the excitation current of the coils, the magnetic flux intensity can be modulated accordingly, and as the air gap magnetic flux is varied with the relative positioning of the stator and the rotator, the output characteristic of the motor will be varied accordingly.

Abstract: An electric bicycle includes a frame having at least one supporting member, at least one wheel having a shaft fixed to the supporting member and a hub rotatable about the shaft, and at least one slim motor having a rotor coupled to the hub and rotating about an axis aligned with the shaft, wherein the slim motor drives the hub to rotate about the shaft.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hydraulic control apparatus for controlling the speed ratio change of a transmission system. The apparatus, disposed on a carrier, comprises a first pulley unit, a second pulley unit, a first hydraulic drive circuit, a second hydraulic drive circuit, and a hydraulic control circuit and a controller. The first pulley unit coupled to the second pulley unit by a transmission belt, and the first pulley unit and the second pulley unit are fluidly connected to the first and the second hydraulic drive circuit respectively. The hydraulic control circuit fluidly connected to the independent first and second hydraulic drive circuit. The controller functions to switch the series or parallel connection status between the first and second hydraulic drive circuit according to the moving status of the carrier through the hydraulic control circuit so that the speed ratio change is capable of being adjusted continuously and synchronously.

Abstract: A method for detecting the order of attached devices and a storage device for storing a program executing the same are provided. The method includes following steps. An inquiry is issued to obtain the device information of a plurality of attached devices, and one of the device information is selected. Whether the selected device information contains an attached device address is determined. If the selected device information contains an attached device address, the next device information is selected according to the attached device address. The order in which the device information is selected is recorded as the order of these attached devices.