Abstract: A topical formulation comprising (a) a therapeutically effective amount of tofacitinib; (b) at least one solvent; and (c) optionally one or more other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients is provided. Also provided is a method for treating and/or preventing autoimmune diseases in a subject administering said topical formulation.

Abstract: There is provided a wearable device including at least one light source, a light sensor and a processor. The processor generates a peak interval plot according to one of at least two light detection signals detected by the light sensor when the at least one light source emits light, and generates an oxygen saturation plot according to two of the one of at least two light detection signals detected by the light sensor when the at least one emits light. The processor further determines an Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) score according to the peak interval plot, determines an Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI) score according to the oxygen saturation plot and fits an obstructive sleep apnea level index corresponding to the AHI score and the ODI score.

Abstract: A sprayer includes: a container; a passage including a transparent window, a first opening, a second opening and a resonator, wherein when liquid in the container is passed through the resonator via the first opening, the liquid is emitted as a gas via the second opening; and a removable detection unit disposed outside of the passage. The removable detection unit includes: a light source for illuminating the gas in the passage; an optical sensor disposed to detect a parameter of light reflected by the gas; and a processor coupled to the optical sensor for stopping the resonator from generating the gas when the parameter is below a threshold. The passage further includes a cavity disposed on a bottom surface of the passage in front of the optical sensor, wherein when the gas in the passage contacts the bottom surface, resultant water vapour will enter the cavity.

Abstract: A method includes forming a conductive member over a first conductive line; forming a second conductive line over the conductive member; and removing a portion of the conductive member exposed by the second conductive line to form a conductive via. The formation of the second conductive line is implemented prior to the formation of the conductive via. A semiconductor structure includes a first conductive line having a first surface; a second conductive line disposed above the first conductive line and having a second surface overlapping the first surface; and a conductive via electrically connected to the first surface and the second surface. The conductive via includes a first end disposed within the first surface, a second end disposed within the second surface, and a cross-section between the first end and the second end, wherein at least two of interior angles of the cross-section are substantially unequal to 90°.

Abstract: A method of making micro-holes on a metal plate includes: (A) feeding a metal plate on a workbench forward to extend beyond a shearing edge; (B) locating a punching head at a first position, and keeping a working space between the punching head and the workbench; (C) exerting a shearing force towards the workbench by the punching head; (D) bending the metal plate by the shearing force, and forming a plurality of spot-shaped cavities arranged in a row on a second surface; (E) bearing a shearing force on the first surface of the metal plate to form a linear groove; (F) deforming the metal plate by the shearing force to cause the spot-shaped cavities arranged in a row to communicate with the linear groove to form micro-holes; (G) the punching head returning to the first position and moving a working distance to a second position; (H) feeding the metal plate again; (I) the punching head repeating the above steps at the second position; (J) the punching head returning to the second position and then moving back to

Abstract: An electro-magnetic wave filtering and impeding board is made of metal and includes a first side and a second side. The first side has multiple linear slots and the second side includes multiple concaved geometric holes which communicate with the linear slots. The electro-magnetic waves are impeded by the metallic material and weakened when passing through the linear slots and the geometric holes so as to impede the electro-magnetic waves.

Abstract: A method of making micro-holes on a metal plate includes: (A) feeding a metal plate on a workbench forward to extend beyond a shearing edge; (B) locating a punching head at a first position, and keeping a working space between the punching head and the workbench; (C) exerting a shearing force towards the workbench by the punching head; (D) bending the metal plate by the shearing force, and forming a plurality of spot-shaped cavities arranged in a row on a second surface; (E) bearing a shearing force on the first surface of the metal plate to form a linear groove; (F) deforming the metal plate by the shearing force to cause the spot-shaped cavities arranged in a row to communicate with the linear groove to form micro-holes; (G) the punching head returning to the first position and moving a working distance to a second position; (H) feeding the metal plate again; (I) the punching head repeating the above steps at the second position; (J) the punching head returning to the second position and then moving back to