Abstract: An apparatus and related methods for ultrasound-assisted surgical removal of a tumor or other biological object from a patient, the tumor requiring complete removal such that no portion thereof remains inside the patient, is described. According to a preferred embodiment, a specimen containing the tumor is extracted from the patient and suspended in a container holding an acoustically conductive fluid. An ultrasound probe is brought into acoustic communication with the fluid and scans the specimen, preferably at an acoustic power setting higher than a maximum ultrasonic power permitted on live human tissue. Resulting two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional ultrasound images of the specimen, which have a higher quality due to the increased acoustic power of the scan, are viewed on an output display for examining whether any portion of the tumor comes into contact with a surface of the specimen.

Abstract: Displaying breast ultrasound information on an interactive user interface is described, the user interface being useful in adjunctive ultrasound mammography environments and/or ultrasound-only mammography environments. Bilateral comparison is facilitated by a pairwise display of thick-slice images corresponding to analogous slab-like subvolumes in the left and right breasts. Coronal thick-slice imaging and convenient navigation on and among coronal thick-slice images is described. In one preferred embodiment, a nipple marker is displayed the coronal thick-slice image representing a projection of a nipple location thereupon. A convenient breast icon is also displayed including a cursor position indicator variably disposed thereon in a manner that reflects a relative position between the cursor and the nipple marker. Preferably, the breast icon is configured to at least roughly resemble a clock face, the center of the clock face representing the nipple marker location.

Abstract: An apparatus and related methods for ultrasound-assisted surgical removal of a tumor or other biological object from a patient, the tumor requiring complete removal such that no portion thereof remains inside the patient, is described. According to a preferred embodiment, a specimen containing the tumor is extracted from the patient and suspended in a container holding an acoustically conductive fluid. An ultrasound probe is brought into acoustic communication with the fluid and scans the specimen, preferably at an acoustic power setting higher than a maximum ultrasonic power permitted on live human tissue. Resulting two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional ultrasound images of the specimen, which have a higher quality due to the increased acoustic power of the scan, are viewed on an output display for examining whether any portion of the tumor comes into contact with a surface of the specimen.

Abstract: A method and system for screening and/or diagnosing a tumor in a subject breast using ultrasonically obtained image information is described. A user interface displays a three-dimensional view of the tumor suspended within a three-dimensional semitransparent view of a breast, the tumor suspended at a position corresponding to the actual position of the tumor inside the breast. A larger, close-up view of the tumor is also provided that a user can manipulate (e.g., rotate, enlarge, etc.) for clearer analysis. A semi-transparent view of the opposing breast is placed adjacent to the semi-transparent view of the subject breast in a manner that reflects the actual positioning of the breasts on the patient's body, or in a manner that emulates a mammogram-like view of the breasts.

Abstract: An adjunctive ultrasound mammography system and associated methods are described in which an ultrasound image being displayed near an x-ray mammogram image may be superimposed thereon or thereunder by a user for facilitating rapid comprehension of breast structures and detection of abnormalities therein. In one preferred embodiment, the x-ray mammogram image corresponds to a standard x-ray mammogram view, and the ultrasound image is a thick-slice image representing a thick-slice or slab-like portion of the breast volume substantially parallel to that standard x-ray mammogram view. In another preferred embodiment, the user is permitted to manually manipulate the registration of the ultrasound image with the x-ray mammogram image. It has been found that the manual registration process, which involves manual vernier adjustments responsive to perceived registration differences, can rapidly increase the radiologist's perception of the breast structures being displayed by both component images.

Abstract: An instrument guide is described for mounting an invasive instrument such as a biopsy needle to an imaging probe, controlling its position, monitoring its position, and/or predictively displaying its position on a user display of the medical imaging system. A plurality of substantially rigid segments are hingeably connected to the probe, to an instrument handle, and to each other such that movement of the biopsy needle is restricted to within the imaged plane. However, substantial freedom of movement within the imaged plane is provided such that the instrument may be inserted into the patient over a wide range of angles. In one preferred embodiment, angle detectors are provided at each segment intersection and measurements provided for computing and displaying the instrument position and orientation on the user display. The instrument guide/position monitor is preferably made with low-cost components such that it is disposable after a single use.

Abstract: An adjunctive ultrasound mammography system and associated methods are described comprising an adjunctive ultrasound display configured for quick, intuitive, interactive viewing of data derived from volumetric ultrasound scans, the data being displayed near a conventional x-ray mammogram display. Preferred embodiments for navigating among a thick-slice image array, a selected enlarged thick-slice image, and planar ultrasound views are described, including a preferred embodiment in which the planar ultrasound views are updated in real time as a cursor is moved across an active thick-slice image. In one preferred embodiment the thick-slice images are inverted prior to display, with non-breast areas of the image preferably segmented out and reset to dark. The inverted thick-slice images are of more familiar significance to radiologists having years of expertise in analyzing conventional x-ray mammograms.

Abstract: An x-ray system acquires an initial low-contrast, wide latitude (G=2.5, or G=2 or less) x-ray image of a breast. A processing system automatically finds suspected abnormalities in the breast by processing the low contrast initial image, and then automatically converts the initial x-ray image to a high-contrast, narrow latitude image at the locations of the found abnormalities to thereby facilitate diagnosis and patient care. The technology includes effective ways to produce, process and display the various images, and can be extended to other types of images.

Abstract: A computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) method and system provide image annotation information that can include an assessment of the probability, likelihood or predictive value of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities as an additional aid to the radiologist. More specifically, probability values, in numerical form and/or analog form, are added to the locational markers of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities. The task of a physician using a CAD system is believed to be made easier by displaying two different markers representing different probability thresholds. An additional threshold can be used to display “extra view markers” as an additional aid or guide to the radiologic technician to take extra views of a patient before the patient is released or discharged. A control device is added to allow the user to select and vary the probability threshold for the display of locational markers.

Abstract: An adjunctive ultrasound mammography system and associated methods are described, comprising a scanning apparatus for facilitating standardized, repeatable breast ultrasound scans, and further comprising an adjunctive ultrasound display apparatus configured for fast, intuitive viewing of adjunctive ultrasound data concurrently with x-ray mammogram information. In one preferred embodiment, thick-slice ultrasound images are displayed near an x-ray mammogram such that a screening radiologist can quickly view the thick-slice images for assistance in interpreting the x-ray mammogram. Methods for concurrently acquiring and displaying vibrational resonance image (VDI) data are described. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) algorithms that incorporate acoustically-based feature vectors are described, the feature vectors including lateral shadow metrics, vertical shadow metrics, posterior enhancement metrics, and VDI-based metrics.

Abstract: A computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) method and system provide image annotation information that can include an assessment of the probability, likelihood or predictive value of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities as an additional aid to the radiologist. More specifically, probability values, in numerical form and/or analog form, are added to the locational markers of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities. The task of a physician using a CAD system is believed to be made easier by displaying two different markers representing different probability thresholds. An additional threshold can be used to display “extra view markers” as an additional aid or guide to the radiologic technician to take extra views of a patient before the patient is released or discharged. A control device is added to allow the user to select and vary the probability threshold for the display of locational markers.

Abstract: For use in medical procedures such as ultrasound-assisted biopsies in which an invasive medical instrument such as a biopsy needle is guided by a medical imaging system such as an ultrasound system, an instrument guide is described for mounting the instrument to an imaging probe, controlling its position, monitoring its position, and/or predictively displaying its position on a user display of the medical imaging system. A plurality of substantially rigid segments are hingeably connected to the probe, to an instrument handle, and to each other such that movement of the biopsy needle is restricted to within the imaged plane. However, substantial freedom of movement within the imaged plane is provided such that the instrument may be inserted into the patient over a wide range of angles. In one preferred embodiment, angle detectors are provided at each segment intersection and provided to the medical imaging system for computing and displaying the position and orientation of the instrument on the user display.

Abstract: An x-ray system acquires an initial low-contrast, wide latitude (G=2.5, or G=2 or less) x-ray image of a breast. A processing system automatically finds suspected abnormalities in the breast by processing the low contrast initial image, and then automatically converts the initial x-ray image to a high-contrast, narrow latitude image at the locations of the found abnormalities to thereby facilitate diagnosis and patient care. The technology includes effective ways to produce, process and display the various images, and can be extended to other types of images.

Abstract: A computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) method and system provide image annotation information that can include an assessment of the probability, likelihood or predictive value of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities as an additional aid to the radiologist. More specifically, probability values, in numerical form and/or analog form, are added to the locational markers of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities. The task of a physician using a CAD system is believed to be made easier by displaying two different markers representing different probability thresholds. An additional threshold can be used to display “extra view markers” as an additional aid or guide to the radiologic technician to take extra views of a patient before the patient is released or discharged. A control device is added to allow the user to select and vary the probability threshold for the display of locational markers.

Abstract: A computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) method and system provide image annotation information that can include an assessment of the probability, likelihood or predictive value of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities as an additional aid to the radiologist. More specifically, probability values, in numerical form and/or analog form, are added to the locational markers of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities. The task of a physician using a CAD system is believed to be made easier by displaying two different markers representing different probability thresholds. An additional threshold can be used to display “extra view markers” as an additional aid or guide to the radiologic technician to take extra views of a patient before the patient is released or discharged. A control device is added to allow the user to select and vary the probability threshold for the display of locational markers.

Abstract: An x-ray system acquires an initial low-contrast, wide latitude (G=2.5, or G=2 or less) x-ray image of a breast. A processing system automatically finds suspected abnormalities in the breast by processing the low contrast initial image, and then automatically converts the initial x-ray image to a high-contrast, narrow latitude image at the locations of the found abnormalities to thereby facilitate diagnosis and patient care. The technology includes effective ways to produce, process and display the various images, and can be extended to other types of images.

Abstract: A computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) method and system provide image annotation information that can include an assessment of the probability, likelihood or predictive value of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities as an additional aid to the radiologist. More specifically, probability values, in numerical form and/or analog form, are added to the locational markers of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities. The task of a physician using a CAD system is believed to be made easier by displaying two different markers representing different probability thresholds. An additional threshold can be used to display “extra view markers” as an additional aid or guide to the radiologic technician to take extra views of a patient before the patient is released or discharged. A control device is added to allow the user to select and vary the probability threshold for the display of locational markers.

Abstract: An x-ray system acquires an initial low-contrast, wide latitude (G=2.5, or G=2 or less) x-ray image of a breast. A processing system automatically finds suspected abnormalities in the breast by processing the low contrast initial image, and then automatically converts the initial x-ray image to a high-contrast, narrow latitude image at the locations of the found abnormalities to thereby facilitate diagnosis and patient care. The technology includes effective ways to produce, process and display the various images, and can be extended to other types of images.

Abstract: A computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) method and system provide image annotation information that can include an assessment of the probability, likelihood or predictive value of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities as an additional aid to the radiologist. More specifically, probability values, in numerical form and/or analog form, are added to the locational markers of the CAD-detected suspected abnormalities. The task of a physician using a CAD system is believed to be made easier by displaying two different markers representing different probability thresholds. An additional threshold can be used to display “extra view markers” as an additional aid or guide to the radiologic technician to take extra views of a patient before the patient is released or discharged. A control device is added to allow the user to select and vary the probability threshold for the display of locational markers.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product for computer-aided detection of suspicious lesions in digital mammograms is described, wherein single-view feature vectors from a first digital mammogram are processed in a classification algorithm along with information computed from a plurality of related digital mammograms to assign an overall probability of suspiciousness to potentially suspicious lesions in the first digital mammogram. In one preferred embodiment, a greater probability of suspiciousness is determined where there are similar corresponding lesions in the first digital mammogram and in an alternate digital mammogram view of the same breast. In another preferred embodiment, a lesser probability of suspiciousness is found where there are symmetric lesions or structures located in the first digital mammogram and a digital mammogram of the opposite breast.