Abstract: Method and apparatus for affine CPMV or ALF refinement are mentioned. According to this method, statistical data associated with the affine CPMV or ALF refinement are collected over a picture area. Updated parameters for the affine CPMV refinement or the ALF refinement are then derived based on the statistical data, where a process to derive the updated parameters includes performing multiplication using a reduced-precision multiplier for the statistical data. The reduced-precision multiplier truncates at least one bit of the mantissa part. In another embodiment, the process to derive the updated parameters includes performing reciprocal for the statistical data using a lookup table with (m?k)-bit input by truncating k bits from the m-bit mantissa part, and contents of the lookup table includes m-bit outputs. m and k are positive integers.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method of forming a structure includes forming a first transistor and a second transistor over a first substrate; forming a front-side interconnect structure over the first transistor and the second transistor; etching at least a backside of the first substrate to expose the first transistor and the second transistor; forming a first backside via electrically connected to the first transistor; forming a second backside via electrically connected to the second transistor; depositing a dielectric layer over the first backside via and the second backside via; forming a first conductive line in the dielectric layer, the first conductive line being a power rail electrically connected to the first transistor through the first backside via; and forming a second conductive line in the dielectric layer, the second conductive line being a signal line electrically connected to the second transistor through the second backside via.

Abstract: Semiconductor device structures having gate structures with tunable threshold voltages are provided. Various geometries of device structure can be varied to tune the threshold voltages. In some examples, distances from tops of fins to tops of gate structures can be varied to tune threshold voltages. In some examples, distances from outermost sidewalls of gate structures to respective nearest sidewalls of nearest fins to the respective outermost sidewalls (which respective gate structure overlies the nearest fin) can be varied to tune threshold voltages.

Abstract: An optical system affixed to an electronic apparatus is provided, including a first optical module, a second optical module, and a third optical module. The first optical module is configured to adjust the moving direction of a first light from a first moving direction to a second moving direction, wherein the first moving direction is not parallel to the second moving direction. The second optical module is configured to receive the first light moving in the second moving direction. The first light reaches the third optical module via the first optical module and the second optical module in sequence. The third optical module includes a first photoelectric converter configured to transform the first light into a first image signal.

Abstract: A backlight module including a circuit layer, a light guide plate, a light-emitting component, an electronic component, a reflective layer, and an identifier is provided. The light guide plate includes an escape opening and a light-source opening. The light-emitting component is connected to the circuit layer. The electronic component is connected to the circuit layer. The reflective layer is disposed between the light guide plate and the circuit layer. The identifier is disposed on the reflective layer. A keyboard using this backlight module is also provided.

Abstract: A backlight module including a light guide plate, a circuit board, an electronic component, a reflective sheet, a light-shielding sheet, and a light-emitting component is provided. The light guide plate includes an escape opening and a light-source opening. The circuit board is disposed under the light guide plate. The electronic component is electrically connected to the circuit board, and at least a part of the electronic component is located in the escape opening. The reflective sheet is disposed on a rear surface of the light guide plate and between the light guide plate and the circuit board. The light-shielding sheet is disposed on a light emitting surface of the light guide plate opposite to the rear surface. The light-emitting component is disposed in the light-source opening. A luminous keyboard using this backlight module is also provided.

Abstract: A backlight module including a light guide plate, a circuit board, an electronic component, a reflective sheet, a light-shielding sheet, and a light-emitting component is provided. The light guide plate includes an escape opening and a light-source opening. The circuit board is disposed under the light guide plate. The electronic component is electrically connected to the circuit board, and at least a part of the electronic component is located in the escape opening. The reflective sheet is disposed on a rear surface of the light guide plate and between the light guide plate and the circuit board. The light-shielding sheet is disposed on a light emitting surface of the light guide plate opposite to the rear surface. The light-emitting component is disposed in the light-source opening. A luminous keyboard using this backlight module is also provided.

Abstract: A backlight module including a light guide plate, a circuit board, an electronic component, a reflective sheet, a light-shielding sheet, and a light-emitting component is provided. The light guide plate includes an escape opening. The circuit board is disposed under the light guide plate. The electronic component is disposed on the circuit board, and at least a part of the electronic component is located in the escape opening. The reflective sheet is disposed on the rear surface of the light guide plate and between the light guide plate and the circuit board, and the reflective sheet extends into the escape opening. The light-shielding sheet is disposed on the light emitting surface of the light guide plate opposite to the rear surface. The light-emitting component is disposed on the light guide plate. A luminous keyboard using this backlight module is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light guide plate and an input apparatus. The light guide plate includes a light guide body, at least one first opening structure, and at least one second opening structure. The first opening structure passes through the light guide body and includes at least one first closed end. The second opening structure passes through the light guide body and includes at least one second closed end. The first closed end and the second closed end face each other. The first closed end partially overlaps the second closed end on at least one first axis, the first closed end and the second closed end are disposed parallel to each other on at least one second axis, and the first axis is substantially perpendicular to the second axis.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an input device including a housing, a keyboard assembly, and a first light source. The housing comprises a body and a plurality of sidewalls. The plurality of sidewalls is disposed along the body, forming an accommodating space. The keyboard assembly is disposed in the accommodating space. The first light source is disposed in the body. The light emitted from the first light source emits from the plurality of sidewalls, creating a glowing effect on the periphery of the keyboard assembly. By configuring computer using modes corresponding to the light emitting states, it is possible for users to intuitively discriminate the using patterns.

Abstract: A backlight module including a light guide plate, a circuit board, an electronic component, a reflective sheet, a light-shielding sheet, and a light-emitting component is provided. The light guide plate includes an escape opening. The circuit board is disposed under the light guide plate. The electronic component is disposed on the circuit board, and at least a part of the electronic component is located in the escape opening. The reflective sheet is disposed on the rear surface of the light guide plate and between the light guide plate and the circuit board, and the reflective sheet extends into the escape opening. The light-shielding sheet is disposed on the light emitting surface of the light guide plate opposite to the rear surface. The light-emitting component is disposed on the light guide plate. A luminous keyboard using this backlight module is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light guide plate and an input apparatus. The light guide plate includes a light guide body, at least one first opening structure, and at least one second opening structure. The first opening structure passes through the light guide body and includes at least one first closed end. The second opening structure passes through the light guide body and includes at least one second closed end. The first closed end and the second closed end face each other. The first closed end partially overlaps the second closed end on at least one first axis, the first closed end and the second closed end are disposed parallel to each other on at least one second axis, and the first axis is substantially perpendicular to the second axis.

Abstract: A handheld gas sensing device and sensing method thereof are provided. The handheld gas sensing device includes a plurality of gas sensing chips and a gas collector. The plurality of gas sensing chips respectively include a sensing array, a sensing interface circuit, a microcontroller, and a memory. The gas signal is determined by the gas adsorption of the sensing array. The gas signal is converted to a visible operand by using the sensing interface circuit. The visible operand is projected to a hidden operand by utilizing the calculation of Continuous Restricted Boltzmnan Machine (CRBM). The plurality of gas sensing chips are connected with each other to do the multi-layer calculation of CRBM. The probability of the to-be-detected gas is obtained. The result is recorded in the memory.

Abstract: A gas sensing system includes an air intake hole which comprises a plurality of micro-flow channels, a replaceable sensor for receiving an air from the air intake hole and detecting the received air, and a processing unit coupled to the replaceable sensor and doing determination for the component of the air according to a detection result of the replaceable sensor. Wherein, the replaceable sensor includes a plurality of sensing chips arranged in an array and each sensing chip is coated with a sensing thin film separately to detect a different gas.

Abstract: A nasal mask contains: a body including a flexible supporting portion, a holding portion, and an filter accommodating hole. The filter accommodating hole communicates with the body, the flexible supporting portion has a rear segment for abutting against an inner side of the user's nostril, and the holding portion is biased against an outer side of the user's nostril. A fastening cover rotatably is connected with the holding portion and includes a plurality of air orifices communicating with the filter accommodating hole. A three-dimensional filter is fixed in and is removed from the body, the three-dimensional filter includes a twisted filtration fence and an extending flange, and the twisted filtration fence has plural curved sections for filtering air in the three-dimensional filter, the extending flange extends outwardly from a bottom end of the three-dimensional filter and is retained between the holding portion and the fastening cover.

Abstract: A gas sensing system includes an air intake hole which comprises a plurality of micro-flow channels, a replaceable sensor for receiving an air from the air intake hole and detecting the received air, and a processing unit coupled to the replaceable sensor and doing determination for the component of the air according to a detection result of the replaceable sensor. Wherein, the replaceable sensor includes a plurality of sensing chips arranged in an array and each sensing chip is coated with a sensing thin film separately to detect a different gas.

Abstract: An automatic keyboard inspection apparatus, adapted for inspecting a keyboard, is disclosed, which comprises: a retractable device, a pressing part, a path control unit and a dual-axial platform; wherein, as the automatic keyboard inspection apparatus is enabled to operate in a first mode, the retractable device will activate a linkage rod to move axially so as to trigger the pressing part to drop by the gravity and thus press upon a specific key of the keyboard; and as the automatic keyboard inspection apparatus is enabled to operate in a second mode, specifying a route of a specific traveling distance, the pressing part is direct to travel and fall following the specified route to press upon the specific key; and the dual-axial platform, being adapted for carrying the keyboard, is able to perform a bi-axial movement with respect to a 2-D Cartesian coordinates of X, Y axes so as to enable the pressing part to drop and press on four different corners of the specific key for testing the same.

Abstract: An automatic keyboard inspection apparatus, adapted for inspecting a keyboard, is disclosed, which comprises: a retractable device, a pressing part, a path control unit and a dual-axial platform; wherein, as the automatic keyboard inspection apparatus is enabled to operate in a first mode, the retractable device will activate a linage rode to move axially so as to trigger the pressing part to drop by the gravity and thus press upon a specific key of the keyboard; and as the automatic keyboard inspection apparatus is enabled to operate in a second mode, specifying a route of a specific traveling distance, the pressing part is direct to travel and fall following the specified route to press upon the specific key; and the dual-axial platform, being adapted for carrying the keyboard, is able to perform a bi-axial movement with respect to a 2-D Cartesian coordinates of X, Y axes so as to enable the pressing part to drop and press on four different corners of the specific key for testing the same.