Abstract: Fibers and methods of producing fibers comprising fluorinated polymers having comonomers of tetrafluoropropene are provided. Methods may include providing a solution having a fluorinated polymer dissolved in a solvent, wherein at least one monomer of the polymer comprises a tetrafluoropropene, exposing the solution to an electrostatic field between the solution and a collection electrode, and forming fibers from the solution fluorinated polymer. Fibers may include a fluorinated polymer, wherein at least one of the monomers of the fluorinated polymer comprises tetrafluoropropene.

Abstract: In a process for the production of halohydrocarbyl phosphonic acid diesters via a Michaelis-Arbuzov type reaction which results in high conversion and selectivity of product with ease of purification; the improvement comprises reacting hydrocarbyl halide with trihdydrocarbyl phosphite in a molar ratio of about 6:1 and in the presence of an effective amount of a polarity lowering additive.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a liquid composition comprising a mixture of: (1) water and/or a polar solvent; (2) a colloidal dispersion of mineral particles; and (3) a phosphonate terminated poly(oxyalkene) polymer; the invention also relates to process for stabilizing aqueous and/or solvent-based dispersions of mineral particles comprising the step of adding an efficient stabilising amount of a phosphonate terminated poly(oxyalkene) polymer.

Abstract: A hardener composition for use as a component of a two component polyurethane coating composition, comprising a polyisocyanate, a catalyst for promoting reaction of the polyisocyanate with a reactive hydrogen compound, and one or more antioxidants selected from: a first antioxidant comprising one or more of sterically hindered phenol antioxidants and secondary aryl amine antioxidants, and a second antioxidant comprising one or more organophosphite antioxidant, exhibits improved color stability.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyoxyalkylene phosphonates in high yield and purity without extensive isolation procedures. The process also enables hydroxy terminated polyoxyalkylene phosphonates to be produced with their attendant high aqueous solubility and the availability of the reactive group to have the end functionality easily molecularly modified. Products produced by these processes have enhanced dispersion, coating, adhesion, and plasticizing characteristics as a result of the lack of any steric hinderance on these polyoxyalkylene phosphonates.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a liquid composition comprising a mixture of: (1) water and/or a polar solvent; (2) a colloidal dispersion of mineral particles; and (3) a phosphonate terminated poly(oxyalkene) polymer; the invention also relates to process for stabilizing aqueous and/or solvent-based dispersions of mineral particles comprising the step of adding an efficient stabilising amount of a phosphonate terminated poly(oxyalkene) polymer.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a phosphonate composition having flame retardant properties. The phosphonate composition of the invention has the general formula: wherein R1 and R2 are independently C1–C4 alkyl, R3 is H or C1–C4 alkyl, and R4 is linear or branched C9–C22 alkyl, C9–C22 cycloalkyl, C9–C22 aryl or C9–C22 aralkyl and n=0 or 1. The invention is also directed to a method of producing the phosphonate composition having flame retardant properties.

Abstract: In a process for the production of dialkylphosphinic acids, especially branched, dialkylphosphinic acids in high purity via the reaction of an alpha olefin with a hypophosphorous acid or a salt thereof, the improvement comprising conducting the reaction in the presence of a stoichiometric excess of the olefin and isolating and purifying the desired dialkylphosphinic acid product by neutralizing the monoalkylphosphinic acid by-product with an aqueous base; removing the aqueous phase in which the neutralized monoalkylphosphinic acid is preferentially solubilized; acidifying the dialkyl product in the organic phase; and isolating the purified product.

Abstract: In a process for the production of dialkylphosphinic acids, especially branched, dialkylphosphinic acids in high purity via the reaction of an alpha olefin with a hypophosphorous acid or a salt thereof, the improvement comprising conducting the reaction in the presence of a stoichiometric excess of the olefin and isolating and purifying the desired dialkylphosphinic acid product by neutralizing the monoalkylphosphinic acid by-product with an aqueous base; removing the aqueous phase in which the neutralized monoalkylphosphinic acid is preferentially solubilized; acidifying the dialkyl product in the organic phase; and isolating the purified product.

Abstract: A process of producing cyanoalkyl tetraalkylphosphordiamidites at least substantially free of amine hydrohalide with improved storage stability.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyoxyalkylene phosphonates in high yield and purity without extensive isolation procedures. The process also enables hydroxy terminated polyoxyalkylene phosphonates to be produced with their attendant high aqueous solubility and the availability of the reactive group to have the end functionality easily molecularly modified. Products produced by these processes have enhanced dispersion, coating, adhesion, and plasticizing characteristics as a result of the lack of any steric hinderance on these polyoxyalkylene phosphonates.

Abstract: In a process for the production of halohydrocarbyl phosphonic acid diesters via a Michaelis-Arbuzov type reaction which results in high conversion and selectivity of product with ease of purification; the improvement comprises reacting hydrocarbyl halide with trihdydrocarbyl phosphite in a molar ratio of about 6:1 and in the presence of an effective amount of a polarity lowering additive.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a phosphonate composition having flame retardant properties. The phosphonate composition of the invention has the general formula: wherein R1 and R2 are independently C1-C4 alkyl, R3 is H or C1-C4 alkyl, and R4 is linear or branched C9-C22 alkyl, C9-C22 cycloalkyl, C9-C22 aryl or C9-C22 aralkyl and n=0 or 1. The invention is also directed to a method of producing the phosphonate composition having flame retardant properties.

Abstract: A hardener composition for use as a component of a two component polyurethane coating composition, comprising a polyisocyanate, a catalyst for promoting reaction of the polyisocyanate with a reactive hydrogen compound, and one or more antioxidants selected from: a first antioxidant comprising one or more of sterically hindered phenol antioxidants and secondary aryl amine antioxidants, and a second antioxidant comprising one or more organophosphite antioxidant, exhibits improved color stability.

Abstract: A process of producing cyanoalkyl tetraalkylphosphordiamidites at least substantially free of amine hydrohalide with improved storage stability.

Abstract: A sulfonated polyester compound useful as a soil release agent having isophthalate and terephthalate groups wherein the molar ratio of isophthalate groups to terephthalate groups is at least 0.15.

Abstract: A method of producing sulfonated polyester compounds suitable for use as a soil releasing agent and/or textile sizing agent in which a sulfonated acid or ester is reacted with a hydroxy-containing compound to form a sulfonated hydroxy terminated ester which then undergoes a transesterification reaction with a poly(ethylene) terephthalate based polyester followed by polycondensation to form the desired sulfonated polyester compound.

Abstract: A sulfonated polyester compound useful as a soil release agent having isophthalate and terephthalate groups wherein the molar ratio of isophthalate groups to terephthalate groups is at least 0.15.

Abstract: Additives obtained from the catalytically induced esterification reaction of a mono- or polyhydroxy alkanol and at least one carboxylic acid employing a complexing agent selected from dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof to substantially reduce the residual tin content and thermoplastic compositions and articles produced thereby.

Abstract: A novel, salt-free monoamphopropionate amphoteric surfactant is prepared in yields of from 75% to 80%, from a reaction comprising an imidazoline and a mixture of acrylic acid and sodium acrylate in an aqueous medium. The acrylic acid/sodium acrylate mixture is comprised of the two components in a range of molar ratios of from about 1:6 to about 1:3, respectively, and by replacing methyl acrylate, the reaction does away with the production of methanol which is an unwanted, hazardous and toxic byproduct. The imidazoline reacts in amounts in excess of 90% resulting in the highly pure yields and any left over unreacted acrylic acid can be easily removed by treating it with sodium bisulfate.