Abstract: A tread for a pneumatic tyre, the tread comprising a plurality of grooves, the grooves comprising: a groove surface (122); and a plurality of elements (410) spaced from one another in an arrangement on the groove surface (122). Each element (410) has a shape defining a volume, the shape including: a first cross-sectional shape (425) in a plane (420) parallel to the groove surface (122); and a second cross-sectional shape (435) in a plane (430) perpendicular to the groove surface (122). The arrangement comprises a void volume in the spaces between the elements (410) and a void ratio of between 0.5 to 0.75, wherein the void ratio is defined as a ratio of the void volume to the total volume of the elements (410) in the arrangement.

Abstract: A method for producing a light-emitting device includes: bonding a plurality of light-emitting elements to a plate-shaped light transmission member all at once with the plurality of light-emitting elements being arranged in a two-dimensional array extending in a first direction and a second direction; capturing an image of the plurality of light-emitting elements bonded to the light transmission member, and forming an alignment mark on the light transmission member based on positions in the image of the plurality of light-emitting elements; and after the forming of the alignment mark, forming a contact member in contact with a corresponding one of the plurality of light-emitting elements with the contact member being positioned with respect to the plurality of light-emitting elements by using the alignment mark.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a light emitting device includes preparing a light transmissive member block including a first light transmissive member block having a plate like shape and including a resin containing at least one phosphor and a second light transmissive member block including a material harder than a material of the first light transmissive member block. Grooves are formed on an upper face of the second light transmissive member block. The light transmissive member block is divided at the grooves to obtain a plurality of light transmissive members each having a first light transmissive member and a second light transmissive member. A lower face of the first light transmissive member and an upper face of a light emitting element are bonded together such that a lower face perimeter of the first light transmissive member is located outside of an upper face perimeter of the light emitting element.

Abstract: A method for producing a light-emitting device includes: bonding a plurality of light-emitting elements to a plate-shaped light transmission member all at once with the plurality of light-emitting elements being arranged in a two-dimensional array extending in a first direction and a second direction; capturing an image of the plurality of light-emitting elements bonded to the light transmission member, and forming an alignment mark on the light transmission member based on positions in the image of the plurality of light-emitting elements; and after the forming of the alignment mark, forming a contact member in contact with a corresponding one of the plurality of light-emitting elements with the contact member being positioned with respect to the plurality of light-emitting elements by using the alignment mark.

Abstract: A method, of the present disclosure, of evaluating a tire ground contact property includes mounting a tire on one surface of a flat plate; placing a predetermined load on the tire or placing the tire in a no-load state; irradiating the tire with terahertz waves having a frequency of 0.1 THz to 10 THz from the other surface side of the flat plate or from inside the flat plate, the wavelength of the terahertz waves being greater than the roughness average length in at least a portion of the one surface of the flat plate and/or greater than the roughness average height in at least a portion of the one surface of the flat plate; detecting reflected terahertz waves from the tire; and evaluating the ground contact property of the tire on the basis of the detection result.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a light emitting device includes preparing a light transmissive member block including a first light transmissive member block having a plate like shape and including a resin containing at least one phosphor and a second light transmissive member block including a material harder than a material of the first light transmissive member block. Grooves are formed on an upper face of the second light transmissive member block. The light transmissive member block is divided at the grooves to obtain a plurality of light transmissive members each having a first light transmissive member and a second light transmissive member. A lower face of the first light transmissive member and an upper face of a light emitting element are bonded together such that a lower face perimeter of the first light transmissive member is located outside of an upper face perimeter of the light emitting element.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes light emitting elements having light extraction faces, respectively. A light transmissive member includes a lower face facing the light extraction faces, an upper face opposite to the lower face in a height direction, and first to fourth side faces that are connected to the lower face and the upper face. An area of the lower face is larger than a sum of areas of the light extraction faces. An area of the upper face is smaller than the area of the lower face. The second side face is substantially parallel to the first side face. The third side face and the fourth side face are provided between the first side face and the second side face and opposite to each other. The third side face and the fourth side face approach as approaching from the lower face to the upper face in the height direction.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light emitting device, includes providing a light emitting element having an element upper surface, an element lower surface opposite to the element upper surface in a thickness direction of the light emitting element, and an element side surface between the element upper surface and the element lower surface. A wavelength converter having a converter lower surface is provided. The wavelength converter is joined to the light emitting element using an adhesive so that the converter lower surface faces the element upper surface. The converter lower surface has an exposed region that does not face the element upper surface viewed along the thickness direction. The adhesive covers the element side surface and the exposed region.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes light emitting elements having light extraction faces, respectively. A light transmissive member includes a lower face facing the light extraction faces, an upper face opposite to the lower face in a height direction, and first to fourth side faces that are connected to the lower face and the upper face. An area of the lower face is larger than a sum of areas of the light extraction faces. An area of the upper face is smaller than the area of the lower face. The second side face is substantially parallel to the first side face. The third side face and the fourth side face are provided between the first side face and the second side face and opposite to each other. The third side face and the fourth side face approach as approaching from the lower face to the upper face in the height direction.

Abstract: A method, of the present disclosure, of evaluating a tire ground contact property includes mounting a tire on one surface of a flat plate; placing a predetermined load on the tire or placing the tire in a no-load state; irradiating the tire with terahertz waves having a frequency of 0.1 THz to 10 THz from the other surface side of the flat plate or from inside the flat plate, the wavelength of the terahertz waves being greater than the roughness average length in at least a portion of the one surface of the flat plate and/or greater than the roughness average height in at least a portion of the one surface of the flat plate; detecting reflected terahertz waves from the tire; and evaluating the ground contact property of the tire on the basis of the detection result.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a light emitting element, a first light transmissive member, and a second light transmissive member. A first lower face of the first light transmissive member is bonded to a light extraction face of the light emitting element and has a first lower face perimeter positioned outside of a light extraction face perimeter of the light extraction face when viewed in a height direction of the light emitting device. A second lower face of the second light transmissive member has a second lower face perimeter that coincides with or is inside of the first upper face perimeter when viewed in the height direction. A second upper face of the second light transmissive member is positioned inside of the first upper face perimeter when viewed in the height direction.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light emitting device, includes providing a light emitting element having an element upper surface, an element lower surface opposite to the element upper surface in a thickness direction of the light emitting element, and an element side surface between the element upper surface and the element lower surface. A wavelength converter having a converter lower surface is provided. The wavelength converter is joined to the light emitting element using an adhesive so that the converter lower surface faces the element upper surface. The converter lower surface has an exposed region that does not face the element upper surface viewed along the thickness direction. The adhesive covers the element side surface and the exposed region.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a light emitting element, a first light transmissive member, and a second light transmissive member. A first lower face of the first light transmissive member is bonded to a light extraction face of the light emitting element and has a first lower face perimeter positioned outside of a light extraction face perimeter of the light extraction face when viewed in a height direction of the light emitting device. A second lower face of the second light transmissive member has a second lower face perimeter that coincides with or is inside of the first upper face perimeter when viewed in the height direction. A second upper face of the second light transmissive member is positioned inside of the first upper face perimeter when viewed in the height direction.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a light emitting element, a wavelength converter, a light transmissive member, a light guider, and a light transmitting layer. The light emitting element has an element upper surface, an element lower surface, and an element side surface. The wavelength converter has a converter lower surface. The wavelength is provided to be connected to the light emitting element such that the converter lower surface faces the element upper surface. The converter lower surface has an exposed region that does not face the element upper surface. The light guider guides light from the light emitting element to the wavelength converter. The light guider covers the element side surface and the exposed region. The wavelength converter has a converter upper surface. The light transmitting layer has a layer lower surface facing the converter upper surface. The converter upper surface is smaller than the layer lower surface.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a light emitting element, a wavelength converter, a light transmissive member, a light guider, and a light transmitting layer. The light emitting element has an element upper surface, an element lower surface, and an element side surface. The wavelength converter has a converter lower surface. The wavelength is provided to be connected to the light emitting element such that the converter lower surface faces the element upper surface. The converter lower surface has an exposed region that does not face the element upper surface. The light guider guides light from the light emitting element to the wavelength converter. The light guider covers the element side surface and the exposed region. The wavelength converter has a converter upper surface. The light transmitting layer has a layer lower surface facing the converter upper surface. The converter upper surface is smaller than the layer lower surface.

Abstract: The light emitting device includes a light emitting element, a wavelength converter, and a light guider. The light emitting element has an element upper surface, an element lower surface, and an element side surface. The wavelength converter has a converter lower surface. The wavelength is provided to be connected to the light emitting element. The converter lower surface has an exposed region that does not face the element upper surface. The light guider guides light from the light emitting element to the wavelength converter. The light guider covers the element side surface and the exposed region. The wavelength converter includes first and second wavelength converter parts. The first wavelength converter part faces the element upper surface and has a first thickness. The second wavelength converter part does not face the element upper surface and has a second thickness thinner than the first thickness.

Abstract: The light emitting device includes a light emitting element, a wavelength converter, and a light guider. The light emitting element has an element upper surface, an element lower surface, and an element side surface. The wavelength converter has a converter lower surface. The wavelength is provided to be connected to the light emitting element. The converter lower surface has an exposed region that does not face the element upper surface. The light guider guides light from the light emitting element to the wavelength converter. The light guider covers the element side surface and the exposed region. The wavelength converter includes first and second wavelength converter parts. The first wavelength converter part faces the element upper surface and has a first thickness. The second wavelength converter part does not face the element upper surface and has a second thickness thinner than the first thickness.