Abstract: A cooling member located in an upper part of a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked includes an upper plate, a lower plate, and a coolant incorporated in an inner space between the upper plate and the lower plate. The lower plate includes a first part in which a fragile part is formed, and a second part in which the fragile part is not formed. A thickness value of the first part is smaller than a thickness value of the second part.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing a non-woven fabric which improves impregnation and release properties of a fabric softener in the non-woven fabric in order to apply the non-woven fabric to a dryer sheet (sheet-type fabric softener). When increasing porosity and specific surface area in a non-woven fabric made of two-component blended polyester long fibers, impregnation and release rate of a fabric softener are improved even when the non-woven fabric is lightened, making it possible to apply the non-woven fabric to a dryer sheet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a novel compound as an active ingredient for prevention or treatment of transplant rejection. The novel compound SD911 of the present invention was identified to repress the migration of immune cells, increase the engraftment and viability of a grafted tissue, and regulate immune cells. In addition, it was found in a kidney transplantation model that the compound restrained human PBMC from suppressing the engraftment and damaging renal tissues and downregulated the expression of the inflammatory cytokine IL-17, with the consequent effective prevention and treatment of transplant rejection.

Abstract: A polyimide precursor monomer having an E value of 2.0 or more calculated by Equation 1 is selected among polyimide raw materials. A polyimide includes a structural unit derived from the polyimide precursor monomer having the E value of 2.0 or more. Optical properties of a polyimide film formed from the polyimide can be improved, and the optical properties of a polyimide film can be predicted from the E value of the polyimide precursor monomer even before production of the polyimide film.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes first and second active patterns on first and second PMOS regions, two first source/drain patterns spaced apart along a first direction on the first active pattern and a first channel pattern including first semiconductor patterns between the two first source/drain patterns, and two second source/drain patterns spaced apart along the first direction on the second active pattern and a second channel pattern including second semiconductor patterns between the two second source/drain patterns. A width in a second direction of the each of the first semiconductor patterns is greater than a width of each of the second semiconductor patterns. Each of the first and second source/drain patterns includes semiconductor layers having different germanium concentrations. A number of the semiconductor layers of each of the two second source/drain patterns is greater than a number of the semiconductor layers of each of the two first source/drain patterns.

Abstract: A display panel includes a base layer including a first area and a second area. At least one inorganic layer disposed on the base layer overlaps the first area and the second area. The at least one inorganic layer comprises a lower opening. A first thin-film transistor is disposed on the at least one inorganic layer. The first thin-film transistor includes a silicon semiconductor pattern. A second thin-film transistor is disposed on the at least one inorganic layer. The second thin-film transistor includes an oxide semiconductor pattern. A plurality of insulation layers overlap the first area and the second area. An upper opening extends from the lower opening. A signal line is electrically connected to the second thin-film transistor. An organic layer is disposed in the lower opening and the upper opening. A light emitting element is disposed on the organic layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of processing a substrate. The method may include: a substrate loading operation of loading a substrate into a treating space of a chamber; a film removal operation of removing a film provided on the substrate; a protective film formation operation of forming a protective film containing oxygen on the substrate; and a substrate unloading operation of unloading the substrate from the treating space.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrode structure including: an electrode plate; and a flow path guide disposed on one side of the electrode plate along the circumference of the electrode plate, and an electrolyzer including the electrode structure.

Abstract: A jig is for a post-processing of a customized orthopedic implant to securely fix a customized metal implant for artificial hip joint surgery without any surface damage for post-processing of the customized metal implant after manufacturing the customized metal implant by a 3D printer, and a method for manufacturing the jig. The jig may include inner jigs 3D printed into a shape for compressing and fixing the customized metal implant by using a polymer resin material, and outer jigs made of metal for pressing and supporting the inner jigs in directions of compressing the customized metal implant, and the customized metal implant manufactured by the 3D printer according to the shape and damage degree of a patient's hip joint is securely fixed to the jig without any surface damage so that the post-processing of the metal implant can be easily performed.

Abstract: Discussed is a battery module that may include a cell assembly having battery cells arranged to face each other in an arrangement direction, a bus bar assembly coupled to a side surface of the cell assembly on which electrode leads of the battery cells are located, and guide blades arranged in front of the bus bar assembly in a direction corresponding to the arrangement direction of the battery cells, wherein each of the guide blades can have a plate surface facing at least one battery cell from among the battery cells, and is coupled to the bus bar assembly to rotate by a certain angle due to a gas pressure of a gas, when the gas is generated in the at least one battery cell.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention provides a sodium hydroxide production device, which includes: a first tank configured to store a sodium salt including two or more sodium ions in a molecule; a first electrolysis unit including a first anode chamber and a first cathode chamber which are partitioned by a first separator; and a water supply unit configured to supply water to the first tank and the first cathode chamber, wherein the first tank, a pipe configured to supply an aqueous sodium salt solution produced in the first tank to the first anode chamber, the first anode chamber, and a pipe configured to supply a material produced in the first anode chamber to the first tank constitute a closed loop, and a sodium hypochlorite production device including the same.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention provides a sodium hypochlorite producing system, which includes: a first means configured to obtain saturated salt water and purified water; a second means including a anode chamber and a cathode chamber which are partitioned by a separator, the anode chamber allowing the saturated salt water to be converted into a anodic product including chlorine gas and anodic water, and the cathode chamber allowing the purified water to be converted into a cathodic product including sodium hydroxide, hydrogen gas, and hydroxide ions (OH?); a third means configured to react the anodic product and the cathodic product to produce a mixture including sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen gas; and a fourth means configured to prevent the sodium hydroxide or hydroxide ions (OH?) of the cathodic product or a combination thereof from moving to the anode chamber through the separator.

Abstract: Provided, according to one aspect of the present invention, are a sodium hypochlorite production system and a water treatment method using same, the sodium hypochlorite production system comprising: a first means for obtaining saturated brine and purified water using a first sub-stream branching off from a main stream of water to be treated; a second means for obtaining an anodic product and cathodic product by electrolyzing the saturated brine and purified water; and a third means for obtaining sodium hypochlorite by reacting the anodic product and cathodic product using a second sub-stream branching off from the main stream of the water to be treated.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrode structure including: an electrode plate; and a flow path guide disposed on one side of the electrode plate along the circumference of the electrode plate, and an electrolyzer including the electrode structure.

Abstract: A battery control method includes detecting charge state information including a charge current, a discharge current, and an SOC of the battery, detecting whether the SOC of the battery reaches a predetermined reference SOC using the charge state information, and determining when the SOC of the battery reaches the reference SOC as a first reference time point and when the SOC of the battery reaches the reference SOC after the first reference time point as a second reference time point, calculating a charge capacity of the battery using a charge current from the first time point to the second time point and a discharge capacity of the battery using the discharge current, comparing a difference between the charge capacity and the discharge capacity, and determining that an internal short circuit of the battery occurs when the difference between the charge capacity and the discharge capacity exceeds a threshold value.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of detecting an arc generated in a semiconductor device. The method may comprise: performing a processing process for a substrate processing and collecting data according to the processing process; separating the collected data by setting sections; obtaining an average value and a standard deviation of the data separated for each section; and setting an upper limit and a lower limit for detecting the arc using the average value and the standard deviation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a support unit included in an apparatus for treating a substrate by using plasma. The support unit may include: a chuck configured to support a lower surface of the substrate; a moving plate provided to surround the chuck when viewed from above; and a lifting member configured to change an exposed area of an edge region of the substrate supported by the chuck for the treating space by relatively moving the moving plate in an upper or lower direction with respect to the chuck.

Abstract: In a method of controlling a battery system having a battery module comprising a plurality of battery sub modules connected in parallel between system terminals, the method includes: measuring voltage values of the plurality of battery sub modules and/or cells in the plurality of battery sub modules and current values that flow on the battery module; detecting an occurrence of an internal short in the battery module by monitoring the voltage values or the current values; and electrically separating at least one battery sub module in which the internal short occurs from among the plurality of battery sub modules from the system terminals in response to the internal short occurring in the battery module.

Abstract: In a method for detecting an internal short of a battery, the method includes: acquiring first charge state information related to a charge state of the battery; detecting a first reference time point when the first charge state information satisfies a reference condition; acquiring second charge state information related to the charge state of the battery; detecting a second reference time point when the second charge state information satisfies a reference condition; and detecting an internal short of the battery based on a difference between a charge amount from the first reference time point to the second reference time point and a discharge amount from the first reference time point to the second reference time point.

Abstract: In a method for detecting an internal short of a battery, the method includes: measuring a voltage of a battery a plurality of times; and determining whether or not the internal short of the battery occurs based on a difference between a first voltage value of the battery during a first time period and a second voltage value of the battery during a second time period when the battery is in constant current charging, wherein the second time period is a time period after the first time period.