Abstract: A data storage device includes a nonvolatile memory device including dies including word line groups in which word lines are grouped; and a controller. The controller includes a word line health rating logic configured to determine a health rating of each word line and a health rating of each word line group based on state information on each of health rating factors associated with the word lines; a memory including a word line health rating table in which the health rating of each word line and the health rating of each word line group are stored; and a mapping logic configured to generate a management target logical super block by mapping one word line group having a lowest health rating and word line groups having a highest health rating, and generate a normal logical super block by mapping word line groups having intermediate health ratings.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a nonvolatile memory device including dies including word line groups in which word lines are grouped; and a controller. The controller includes a word line health rating logic configured to determine a health rating of each word line and a health rating of each word line group based on state information on each of health rating factors associated with the word lines; a memory including a word line health rating table in which the health rating of each word line and the health rating of each word line group are stored; and a mapping logic configured to generate a management target logical super block by mapping one word line group having a lowest health rating and word line groups having a highest health rating, and generate a normal logical super block by mapping word line groups having intermediate health ratings.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a nonvolatile memory device including dies including word line groups in which word lines are grouped; and a controller. The controller includes a word line health rating logic configured to determine a health rating of each word line and a health rating of each word line group based on state information on each of health rating factors associated with the word lines; a memory including a word line health rating table in which the health rating of each word line and the health rating of each word line group are stored; and a mapping logic configured to generate a management target logical super block by mapping one word line group having a lowest health rating and word line groups having a highest health rating, and generate a normal logical super block by mapping word line groups having intermediate health ratings.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of predicting a plant fault including: defining a rotary machine elements for predicting a fault determination among plant components; defining a fault type and a fault condition of each of the rotary machine elements; classifying and coding the fault condition of the rotary machine element into a fabrication and installation condition, a load condition, a lubrication condition, and an environment and operation condition; associating the fault type of the rotary machine element with code values of the four fault conditions and storing the association in a database; receiving status information on the fault condition of the rotary machine element for predicting a fault from a user; and determining the fault type corresponding to a combination of the code values of the received fault conditions. Complex factors in the fault possibly caused in the plant is predicted more clearly beyond simple defect detection.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a nonvolatile memory device including dies including word line groups in which word lines are grouped; and a controller. The controller includes a word line health rating logic configured to determine a health rating of each word line and a health rating of each word line group based on state information on each of health rating factors associated with the word lines; a memory including a word line health rating table in which the health rating of each word line and the health rating of each word line group are stored; and a mapping logic configured to generate a management target logical super block by mapping one word line group having a lowest health rating and word line groups having a highest health rating, and generate a normal logical super block by mapping word line groups having intermediate health ratings.

Abstract: An information providing system is provided. The information providing system includes a collector that collects user related information, a generator that generates predicted user interest information based on the user related information collected by the collector, a searcher that searches for an event corresponding to the predicted user interest information and including certain time information, and a controller that outputs, on a timeline dividing time, event contents including the time information corresponding to the time of the timeline.