Abstract: Provided is a toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin and a. silica fine particle, wherein a total content of a polyvalent metal elements in the toner particle is 0.10 to 2.50 ?mol/g, a number-average particle diameter of a primary particle of the silica fine particle is 40 to 500 nm, and in the DD/MAS measurement of solid 29Si-NMR of the silica fine particle, peak PD1 corresponding to a silicon atom represented by Sia in a structure represented by formula (1) and peak PD2 corresponding to a silicon atom represented by Sib in a structure represented by formula (2) are observed, and when an area of the peak PD1 is defined as SD1 and an area of the peak PD2 is defined as SD2, SD1 and SD2 satisfy: 1.2?(SD1+SD2)/SD1?10.0.

Abstract: The toner contains binder resin-containing toner particles and silica fine particle S1, wherein the weight-average particle diameter of the toner is 4.0-15.0 ?m, both inclusive, peaks originating with the silica fine particle S1 are observed in 29 Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle S1, and, in the spectrum obtained by 29Si CP/MAS NMR or 29Si DD/MAS NMR, the peak area of a peak corresponding to the D1 unit structure in the silica fine particle S1, the peak area of a peak corresponding to the D2 unit structure in the silica fine particle S1, and the peak area of a peak corresponding to the Q unit structure in the silica fine particle S1 satisfy a prescribed relationship.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle and a silica fine particle A on a surface of the toner particle, wherein: a weight-average particle diameter of the toner is 4.0 to 15.0 ?m; the silica fine particle A comprises a silicone oil and a carbon loss ratio when the silica fine particle A is washed with hexane is 5 to 70%; and an area of each peak obtained in a solid-state CP/MAS 29Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle A and of the silica fine particle A after washing thereof with hexane is in a specific range.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle and a silica fine particle A on a surface of the toner particle, wherein: a weight-average particle diameter of the toner is 4.0 to 15.0 ?m; the silica fine particle A is a treated silica fine particle having been surface-treated; and areas of each peak which is obtained by a solid-state DD/MAS 29Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle A and the silica fine particle A after washing thereof with hexane is in a specific range, and a full width at half maximum of the peak which is obtained by a solid-state DD/MAS 29Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle A is in a specific range.

Abstract: A toner which has a toner particle and silica fine particle A on a surface of the toner particle, wherein a weight average particle diameter of the toner is 4.0 to 15.0 ?m, a carbon loss ratio when the silica fine particle A is washed with hexane is 5 to 70%, and a temperature at which a differential coefficient of a nine-point moving average of integrated values integrated from 35° C. reaches 4000 or more for an intensity of an obtained ion having a mass number (M/z) of 207 is 270° C. or higher, when mass spectrometry is carried out at a sampling interval of 0.4 seconds while heating the silica fine particle A under specific conditions.

Abstract: A toner, comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin and a water-soluble polyvalent metal salt, wherein a main component of the binder resin is a polyester resin having specific acid value, the water-soluble polyvalent metal salt is a chloride, nitrate or sulfate of the specific metal, the water-soluble polyvalent metal salt has a solubility in water at 25° C. of 30 to 200 g/100 mL, in a cross-sectional observation of the toner particle, a proportion of the area of domains having a concrete surface area, relative to the total area of domains derived from the water-soluble polyvalent metal salt, is 80 to 100 area %, the expression below is satisfied, where At (area %) denotes the proportion of the total area of domains and Fm (atomic %) denotes the proportion of the polyvalent metal atom relative to the atoms in the toner as detected by X-ray fluorescence analysis. 0.02?At/Fm?0.

Abstract: A toner, comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin, wherein the binder resin comprises an amorphous polyester and a crystalline polyester; (i) a weight-average molecular weight of a soluble matter of the crystalline polyester in o-dichlorobenzene at 100° C. is 1500 to 4900; (ii) the crystalline polyester comprises a modified crystalline polyester having at least one terminal-modified structure selected from among a structure in which a hydroxy group at a main chain terminal of the crystalline polyester is terminal-modified with a C16 to C31 aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, and a structure in which a carboxy group at a main chain terminal of the crystalline polyester is terminal-modified with a C15 to C30 aliphatic monoalcohol; and (iii) a content ratio of the terminal-modified structure in the crystalline polyester is 80.0 mol % or higher.

Abstract: A training support system including an information acquisition unit configured to acquire trainee information including a symptom of a trainee, a database configured to store a plurality of combinations of training experienced person information including a symptom of a training experienced person, a training performance, and a recovery status, a selection unit configured to select the training experienced person with the symptom similar to the symptom of the trainee acquired by the information acquisition unit from among a plurality of the training experienced persons, and an output unit configured to extract, from the database, at least any of the training performance and the recovery status of the training experienced person selected by the selection unit and then output at least any of the training performance and the recovery status.

Abstract: A rehabilitation assistance system, a rehabilitation assistance method, and a program capable of appropriately assisting rehabilitation are provided. A rehabilitation assistance system according to an embodiment includes: a storage unit configured to store, for each rehabilitation patient, evaluation indices of evaluation items regarding the evaluation items for evaluating a level of achievement of rehabilitation training; a processing unit configured to divide a plurality of rehabilitation patients into groups in accordance with the evaluation indices; and a display unit configured to update a display that shows a state of progress of a target patient in accordance with progress information of rehabilitation training and show the display.

Abstract: A toner includes toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, and inorganic fine particles, in which in a depth profile of an element distribution in a depth region from the outermost surface of a particle to a depth of 500 nm the depth profile being obtained by an element analysis performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy using the toner as a sample, two or more minimum points of a concentration of a carbon element in the depth region exist, a concentration of an inorganic element becomes a maximum value at a depth position corresponding to each of the minimum points, and the inorganic element is an element derived from the inorganic fine particle.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle containing a binder resin and a polymer A, wherein the binder resin contains a polyester resin having a specific structure, the polymer A has a first monomer unit derived from a specific (meth)acrylic acid ester and a second monomer unit different from the first monomer unit, a content ratio of the first monomer unit in the polymer A is 5.0 mol % to 60.0 mol % while a content ratio of the second monomer unit in the polymer A is 20.0 mol % to 95.0 mol %, and the SP value of the first monomer unit, the SP value of the second monomer unit, and the SP value of a silicone segment contained in the specific structure satisfy a specific relationship.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle containing a binder resin containing at least 50 mass % of a polyester resin, wherein the polyester resin contains a polyester resin A having a silicone segment, and in XPS analysis, when X is a ratio of the number of silicon atoms attributable to silicone segments relative to a total number of measured atoms, X1 is a value of the X on the toner particle surface, X2 is a value of the X at a depth of 30 nm from the surface, Z is a ratio of the number of carbon atoms attributable to ester bonds relative to a total number of measured atoms, Z1 is a value of the Z on the toner particle surface and Z2 is a value of the Z at a depth of 30 nm from the toner particle surface, X1, Z1, X2 and Z2 satisfy a specific relationship.

Abstract: Provided are an antireflection film having a high antireflection effect and a production process therefor, an optical member excellent in antireflection effect, a water-repellent film having excellent water repellency, a substrate for mass spectrometry having high detection sensitivity, a high-accuracy phase plate, and a fine structure that can be used in the foregoing and a production process therefor. The fine structure is a structure, including multiple conical portions on a surface thereof, in which the conical portions have a mesostructure; and the mesostructure includes a structure having mesopores.

Abstract: A vehicle control device including a multi-speed transmission switching gear shift positions in accordance with a combination of hydraulic friction engagement devices operations and pressure control solenoid valves, the control device shifting gears by providing a shift output signal including a quick-apply signal to the valves after a first time from a shift request, the control device has: a pulsation drive control portion to control selectively pulsating the pressure control solenoid valves in a cycle; and a quick-apply control prohibiting portion to prohibit a provision of a quick-apply control using the quick-apply signal for a second time from a time of termination of the pulsation drive control, and to permit the provision of the quick-apply control after the elapse of the second time, for a valve having undergone the control, the pulsation drive control portion to terminate the control for a valve when the shift request is made.

Abstract: A vehicle control device including a multi-speed transmission switching gear shift positions in accordance with a combination of hydraulic friction engagement devices operations and pressure control solenoid valves, the control device shifting gears by providing a shift output signal including a quick-apply signal to the valves after a first time from a shift request, the control device has: a pulsation drive control portion to control selectively pulsating the pressure control solenoid valves in a cycle; and a quick-apply control prohibiting portion to prohibit a provision of a quick-apply control using the quick-apply signal for a second time from a time of termination of the pulsation drive control, and to permit the provision of the quick-apply control after the elapse of the second time, for a valve having undergone the control, the pulsation drive control portion to terminate the control for a valve when the shift request is made.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the temperature in a processing chamber for semiconductor processing is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a processing chamber for semiconductor processing is provided. The processing chamber includes a chamber body and a temperature control system. The temperature control system includes a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature in an upper dome of the processing chamber, a blower, and a controller configured to control the temperature control system. The temperature control system is configured to carry out the method provided herein for controlling the temperature in a processing chamber.

Abstract: Provided are an antireflection film having a high antireflection effect and a production process therefor, an optical member excellent in antireflection effect, a water-repellent film having excellent water repellency, a substrate for mass spectrometry having high detection sensitivity, a high-accuracy phase plate, and a fine structure that can be used in the foregoing and a production process therefor. The fine structure is a structure, including multiple conical portions on a surface thereof, in which the conical portions have a mesostructure; and the mesostructure includes a structure having mesopores.

Abstract: Embodiments of gate valves and methods of using same are provided herein. In some embodiments, a gate valve for use in a process chamber may include a body having an opening disposed therethrough from a first surface to an opposing second surface of the body; a pocket extending into the body from a sidewall of the opening; a gate movably disposed within the pocket between a closed position that seals the opening and an open position that reveals the opening and disposes the gate completely within the pocket; and a shutter configured to selectively seal the pocket when the gate is disposed in the open position. In some embodiments, one or more heaters may be coupled to at least one of the body or the shutter.

Abstract: The invention provides a mesoporous structured material having a stacked structure, including a mesoporous structured material and a planarization layer existing on a surface of the mesoporous structured material. wherein the mesoporous structured material consists of a mesoporous matrix having mesopores and a material existing in the mesopores, the mesopores are exposed on a surface of the mesoporous matrix, and the planarization layer is existing in the mesopores exposed on the surface of the mesoporous matrix.

Abstract: Orienter chambers for determining the orientation of a substrate in a substrate processing system are provided. In some embodiments, an orienter chamber includes a housing enclosing an interior volume; a rotatable stage disposed inside the housing including a substrate support surface adapted to support a substrate; a light source disposed above the stage and positioned to provide illuminating light to the outer circumference of a substrate when the substrate is loaded on the rotatable stage, wherein the illuminating light from the light source is inclined toward the center of the substrate by an angle from a vertical line that extends perpendicular to the substrate support surface; a light-receiving unit having a light-receiving surface on which are arranged a plurality of light-receiving elements that receive the illuminating light from the light source; and an analysis unit that analyzes the illuminating light received by the light-receiving elements.