Abstract: By homogeneously mixing a plurality of fluids, when mixing a gas with a liquid, it is possible to mix a large amount of gas into the liquid, so that large bubbles are not generated, and fine bubbles (in some cases, fine bubbles including microbubbles or ultra-fine bubbles) can be mixed into the liquid. A fluid mixing output apparatus of the present disclosure includes a housing and an internal structure accommodated in the housing. The housing is provided with a plurality of fluid supply ports for supplying at least a first fluid and a second fluid and a fluid outlet at its downstream end for outputting a plurality of fluids after mixing the plurality of fluids. The internal structure includes a first portion, a second portion, a third portion, and a fourth portion. The first portion includes a shaft portion and a vane spirally formed to generate a swirling flow in a fluid.

Abstract: Provided are an internal structure capable of generating fine bubbles without increasing a flow rate, a flow characteristic changing apparatus, and a utilization apparatus thereof. An internal structure which is accommodated in a housing and configured to change characteristics of a fluid with respect to the fluid includes a first internal structure and a second internal structure. The first internal structure has a flow characteristic providing portion having a structure of at least one hollow venturi tube. The second internal structure is in the form of a hollow shaft, accommodates at least a portion of the first internal structure inside the hollow shaft, and has a body portion having a plurality of protrusions formed on an outer surface thereof.

Abstract: A fluid supply pipe comprises a tubular body and an internal structure. The tubular body has an inlet through which a fluid flows in and an outlet through which the fluid flows out, and is of a hollow shape having an inner wall surface of a circular cross section. The internal structure is a prismatic shaft having a plurality of lateral faces configured to be housed in and fixed to the tubular body. A plurality of pillars are arranged in a mesh pattern on the lateral faces. A space formed between the plurality of pillars between the lateral faces of the internal structure and the inner wall surface of the tubular body serves as fluid flow paths, and the fluid is given a flow characteristic by passing through the flow paths between the plurality of pillars while the fluid is supplied from the inlet and flows out of the outlet.