Abstract: A light-adjusting device having first regions and second regions is provided. The light-adjusting device includes pillars that form several groups of meta structures. The groups of meta structures correspond to the first regions, and from a top view, the first regions and the second regions are arranged in a checkerboard pattern.

Abstract: A method includes forming a 2-D material layer over a substrate, wherein the 2-D material layer comprises transition metal atoms and chalcogen atoms; forming a gate structure over the 2-D material layer; supplying chemical molecules to the 2-D material layer, such that atoms of the chemical molecules react with portions of the chalcogen atoms to weaken covalent bonds between the portions of the chalcogen atoms and the transition metal atoms; and forming source/drain contacts over the 2-D material layer, wherein contact metal atoms of the source/drain contacts form metallic bonds with the transition metal atoms of the 2-D material layer.

Abstract: A Doppler frequency estimation system includes a basis projector, a polynomial generator and an extreme value determinator. The basis projector receives and projects multiple channel sampling signals to a set of orthogonal bases to thereby generate multiple channel correlation vectors. The polynomial generator is connected to the basis projector in order to produce a target polynomial based on the channel correlation vectors, an estimated channel-envelope-to-noise-plus-interference power-ratio and a channel-envelope power. The extreme value determinator is connected to the polynomial generator in order to determine an extreme value of the polynomial and output a frequency corresponding to the extreme value as an estimated Doppler frequency.

Abstract: A method for calculating coefficients of a filter and a method for filtering are provided. The invention directly factorizes a specific function in a cepstrum domain by spectral factorization and cepstrum technique to obtain coefficients of denominator function from the filter. In other words, the invention adopts a non-iterative algorithm to reduce computational complexity and avoid convergence due to calculating coefficients. Besides, the specific function of the invention includes a compensation function, so that a Fourier transform with greatly reduced size can be utilized in the spectral factorization to greatly save the computations and keep good system performance at a receiver.

Abstract: This invention relates to an equalization apparatus and an equalization method. A plurality of equalizers is applied to the equalization apparatus to eliminate interferences of multiple clusters in a channel. The weights of the equalizers are calculated under minimum mean square error criterion by gains of delay paths of multiple clusters in the whole channel. Therefore, the interference of different clusters in the whole channel can be greatly eliminated.

Abstract: A method for mitigating interference is provided. First, a received signal having a training sequence is received from a transmitter. Then, a Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) of the training sequence in the received signal is calculated, and whether a co-channel interference signal exists in the received signal is determined according to the SINR. The signal power corresponding to each time index in the received signal is calculated to detect a beginning time point and an ending time point of the co-channel interference signal. Finally, when the co-channel interference signal in the received signal is detected, the time when an interference cancellation filter is turned on is determined by the beginning time point and the ending time point.

Abstract: This invention relates to an equalization apparatus, an equalization method and a receiver using the same. Two equalizers are applied to the equalization apparatus to cover two clusters of a channel. The weights of the two equalizers are calculated by channel gains of the whole channel based on the minimum mean square error criterion. Therefore the interference of the whole channel due to different clusters can be reduced enormously.

Abstract: A Doppler frequency estimation system includes a basis projector, a polynomial generator and an extreme value determinator. The basis projector receives and projects multiple channel sampling signals to a set of orthogonal bases to thereby generate multiple channel correlation vectors. The polynomial generator is connected to the basis projector in order to produce a target polynomial based on the channel correlation vectors, an estimated channel-envelope-to-noise-plus-interference power-ratio and a channel-envelope power. The extreme value determinator is connected to the polynomial generator in order to determine an extreme value of the polynomial and output a frequency corresponding to the extreme value as an estimated Doppler frequency.

Abstract: This invention relates to an equalization apparatus and an equalization method. A plurality of equalizers is applied to the equalization apparatus to eliminate interferences of multiple clusters in a channel. The weights of the equalizers are calculated under minimum mean square error criterion by gains of delay paths of multiple clusters in the whole channel. Therefore, the interference of different clusters in the whole channel can be greatly eliminated.

Abstract: An interference assembly comprises a first element defining a first side and a through hole, and a second element rotatably relative to the first element, with defining a first surface facing and corresponding to the first side. Two staggered first raised portions along a circumference of the first element protrude from the first side. Two staggered second raised portions around the through hole protrude from the first side. The first raised portions communicate with the corresponding second raised portions. The second element defines a fixing hole, two first depressed portions staggered along a circumference in the first surface, and two second depressed portions staggered around the fixing hole in the first surface. The first depressed portions also communicate with the corresponding second depressed portions.

Abstract: A hinge includes a rack, a shaft, and a bracket. The shaft includes a head with a stopper protruded thereon. A first side of the head is secured on the rack, and a second side of the head forms a post thereon. The bracket defines a pivoting hole. The bracket forms a restricting block adjacent the pivoting hole. The post is capable of rotating in the pivoting hole and the restricting block is capable of resisting against the stopper of the shaft to prevent the post from further rotating.

Abstract: A hinge includes a shaft, a first bracket being rotatably mounted on the shaft, an interference assembly including a first element, and a second element, a biasing member, a fastener, and a fixing member. The second element is engaged with and capable of rotating relative to the first element and together with the shaft. The shaft is passed through the first and second elements, the biasing member in turn. The fastener is fixed to a distal end of the shaft, to prevent the interference assembly and the biasing member from disengaging from the shaft. The fixing member is configured for passing through the first element to engage with the first bracket, resulting in fixing the first element to the first bracket. A collapsible device utilizing the hinge is disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus having a modified Reed-Solomon decoder is used for finding a specific code group used by a base station and the frame timing synchronization with the base station. The modified Reed-Solomon decoder uses a standard Reed-Solomon decoder and some reliability measurements computed from the received code word symbols. If the reliability of a received symbol is too low, this symbol is considered as erasure. By selecting code word symbols with higher reliabilities and erasing code word symbols with lower reliabilities, the symbol error probability is reduced and the performance is improved. Several modified Reed-Solomon decoders and a few decoding strategies are introduced in order to decode the received code word sequences with a power- and memory-effective method.

Abstract: A method for mitigating interference is provided. First, a received signal having a training sequence is received from a transmitter. Then, a Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) of the training sequence in the received signal is calculated, and whether a co-channel interference signal exists in the received signal is determined according to the SINR. The signal power corresponding to each time index in the received signal is calculated to detect a beginning time point and an ending time point of the co-channel interference signal. Finally, when the co-channel interference signal in the received signal is detected, the time when an interference cancellation filter is turned on is determined by the beginning time point and the ending time point.

Abstract: This invention relates to an equalization apparatus, an equalization method and a receiver using the same. Two equalizers are applied to the equalization apparatus to cover two clusters of a channel. The weights of the two equalizers are calculated by channel gains of the whole channel based on the minimum mean square error criterion. Therefore the interference of the whole channel due to different clusters can be reduced enormously.

Abstract: A method for calculating coefficients of a filter and a method for filtering are provided. The invention directly factorizes a specific function in a cepstrum domain by spectral factorization and cepstrum technique to obtain coefficients of denominator function from the filter. In other words, the invention adopts a non-iterative algorithm to reduce computational complexity and avoid convergence due to calculating coefficients. Besides, the specific function of the invention includes a compensation function, so that a Fourier transform with greatly reduced size can be utilized in the spectral factorization to greatly save the computations and keep good system performance at a receiver.

Abstract: A method and apparatus having a modified Reed-Solomon decoder is used for finding a specific code group used by a base station and the frame timing synchronization with the base station. The modified Reed-Solomon decoder uses a standard Reed-Solomon decoder and some reliability measurements computed from the received code word symbols. If the reliability of a received symbol is too low, this symbol is considered as erasure. By selecting code word symbols with higher reliabilities and erasing code word symbols with lower reliabilities, the symbol error probability is reduced and the performance is improved. Several modified Reed-Solomon decoders and a few decoding strategies are introduced in order to decode the received code word sequences with a power- and memory-effective method.

Abstract: A method and apparatus having a modified Reed-Solomon decoder is used for finding a specific code group used by a base station and the frame timing synchronization with the base station. The modified Reed-Solomon decoder uses a standard Reed-Solomon decoder and some reliability measurements computed from the received code word symbols. If the reliability of a received symbol is too low, this symbol is considered as erasure. By selecting code word symbols with higher reliabilities and erasing code word symbols with lower reliabilities, the symbol error probability is reduced and the performance is improved. Several modified Reed-Solomon decoders and a few decoding strategies are introduced in order to decode the received code word sequences with a power- and memory-effective method.

Abstract: A current confinement region located proximate to a pair of Bragg reflectors in a semiconductor laser and an epitaxial lateral overgrowth layer grown through an aperture in the current confinement region allows a desirable current flow in the laser. The placement of the current confinement region having an aperture formed therein allows the desired current flow through an active layer of the laser. This current flow allows the laser to achieve a single spatial mode output. Furthermore, the ability to place a pair of Bragg reflectors in close proximity to each other achieves a short optical cavity resulting in a single longitudinal mode output. Together, the single spatial mode and single longitudinal mode result in a desired single frequency output. The single frequency output is particularly useful for high speed, high rate optical and telecommunications.

Abstract: A method and an architecture for correcting carrier frequency offset and spreading code timing offset in a direct sequence spread spectrum communication system are disclosed. In the present invention, the carrier frequency offset is divided into an integer part and a fractional part, wherein the integer part is defined as integer multiples of the reciprocal of the period of a spreading code. The integer part of the carrier frequency offset can be obtained by matching received signals with a spreading code whose central frequency is located at integer multiples of the reciprocal of the period of the spreading code and searching the one, of the matched results, with the largest amplitude. Besides, a direction flag can be obtained by comparing the amplitude of the searched one with that of the matched results neighboring the searched one.