Abstract: A bipolar cutter includes a bipolar cutting treatment portion having a pair of electrodes provided at a front-end portion of an insertion unit inserted in a body of a living thing, a guide portion having a lead passage which captures a living tissue of a cutting target and which leads the living tissue to the treatment portion, the guide portion configured to vary a width of the passage, and a manipulation portion which manipulates the guide portion to vary the passage width. Alternatively, a shape of the lead passage is enlarged from its inner end to its outer end and a lead passage width regulating member being movable between the inner end and the outer end of the lead passage is included. Alternatively, a plurality of lead passages having widths being different from each other is included.

Abstract: A roll for use in a galvanizing pot, comprising a hollow body brought into contact with a steel strip, and shaft portions connected to the body, at least the body being made of a silicon nitride ceramic having thermal conductivity of 50 W/(m·K) or more at room temperature, and the body having an average surface roughness Ra of 1-20 ?m. The body is preferably shrink-fit to the shaft portions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system including a stereoscopic endoscope having left and right image pickup units for picking up parallactic images of an object through objective lenses laterally arranged at a distance from each other and CCDs laterally arranged at a distance from each other. In the stereoscopic endoscope, the focal distance is variable by moving focusing lenses. A display control unit is constructed so as to mask image pickup areas in left and right images display in left and right display elements on the basis of information regarding the distance to an object, the image pickup areas being picked up-only by one of the left and right image pickup units. Thus, images corresponding to an area that is picked up in common by both the left and right image pickup units are displayed.

Abstract: The three-dimensional observation system of the present invention comprises an image picking-up part which has a parallax with respect to the object of observation and captures two images of the object of observation, an image display part which respectively displays the two images of the object of observation captured by the image picking-up part, and an optical system which is used to guide the two images of the object of observation displayed by the image display part to respective position in front of the left and right eyes of the observer facing the object of observation, such that the parallax direction of the image picking-up part and the parallax direction of the observer coincide, thus causing a three-dimensional image to be displayed.

Abstract: A bipolar cutter includes a bipolar cutting treatment portion having a pair of electrodes provided at a front-end portion of an insertion unit inserted in a body of a living thing, a guide portion having a lead passage which captures a living tissue of a cutting target and which leads the living tissue to the treatment portion, the guide portion configured to vary a width of the passage, and a manipulation portion which manipulates the guide portion to vary the passage width. Alternatively, a shape of the lead passage is enlarged from its inner end to its outer end and a lead passage width regulating member being movable between the inner end and the outer end of the lead passage is included. Alternatively, a plurality of lead passages having widths being different from each other is included.

Abstract: A stereoscopic image observing apparatus includes a right-eye projector 1 and a left-eye projector 2 which illuminate projected light for right and left eyes with the parallax generated based on an image pick-up signal obtained from a stereoscopic endoscope 8, a Fresnel lens 17 which applies and reflects the lens operation with the positive polarity to the projected light of the illuminated images for the right and left eyes, and an optical shift element layer 16 having liquid crystal 20 and a double refraction plate 19 for changing and diffusing on time series the reflecting position of the reflected light of the images for the right and left eyes from the Fresnel lens 17.

Abstract: A roll for use in a galvanizing pot, comprising a hollow body brought into contact with a steel strip, and shaft portions connected to the body, at least the body being made of a silicon nitride ceramic having thermal conductivity of 50 W/(m·K) or more at room temperature, and the body having an average surface roughness Ra of 1-20 ?m. The body is preferably shrink-fit to the shaft portions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system including a stereoscopic endoscope having left and right image pickup units for picking up parallactic images of an object through objective lenses laterally arranged at a distance from each other and CCDs laterally arranged at a distance from each other. In the stereoscopic endoscope, the focal distance is variable by moving focusing lenses. A display control unit is constructed so as to mask image pickup areas in left and right images display in left and right display elements on the basis of information regarding the distance to an object, the image pickup areas being picked up-only by one of the left and right image pickup units. Thus, images corresponding to an area that is picked up in common by both the left and right image pickup units are displayed.

Abstract: A three-dimensional observation apparatus is provided which includes an optical reflection member which reflects a light beam and converges the light beam after the reflection, and image projectors for right and left eyes which project a medical image for the right and left eyes on the optical reflection member and forms an exit pupil for the right and left eyes at a position apart from the optical reflection member by a predetermined distance. The apparatus also includes a holding member which keeps a positional relationship of the image projector for the right eye to the optical reflection member and a positional relationship of the image projector for the left eye to the optical reflection member.

Abstract: The three-dimensional observation system of the present invention comprises an image picking-up part which has a parallax with respect to the object of observation and captures two images of the object of observation, an image display part which respectively displays the two images of the object of observation captured by the image picking-up part, and an optical system which is used to guide the two images of the object of observation displayed by the image display part to respective position in front of the left and right eyes of the observer facing the object of observation, such that the parallax direction of the image picking-up part and the parallax direction of the observer coincide, thus causing a three-dimensional image to be displayed.

Abstract: A stereoscopic image observing apparatus includes a right-eye projector 1 and a left-eye projector 2 which illuminate projected light for right and left eyes with the parallax generated based on an image pick-up signal obtained from a stereoscopic endoscope 8, a Fresnel lens 17 which applies and reflects the lens operation with the positive polarity to the projected light of the illuminated images for the right and left eyes, and an optical shift element layer 16 having liquid crystal 20 and a double refraction plate 19 for changing and diffusing on time series the reflecting position of the reflected light of the images for the right and left eyes from the Fresnel lens 17.

Abstract: An observation apparatus includes a housing, a pair of display devices capable of correspondingly displaying a pair of different images for stereoscopic observation obtained from a stereoscopic observation mechanism, an eyepiece portion having a pair of observation windows, a window portion formed having an opening through which an external area around the housing can be observed by means of the eyepiece portion, and a shutter which opens and closes the window portion. The display devices is located in the housing so as to be connected to the stereoscopic observation mechanism, through which an observation target region can be observed stereoscopically. The pair of observation windows of the eyepiece portion is attached to the housing, and images displayed individually on the display devices can be observed by left and right eyes through the observation windows, individually. The window portion and the shutter are attached to the housing.

Abstract: A three-dimensional observation apparatus is provided which includes an optical reflection member which reflects a light beam and converges the light beam after the reflection, and image projectors for right and left eyes which project a medical image for the right and left eyes on the optical reflection member and forms an exit pupil for the right and left eyes at a position apart from the optical reflection member by a predetermined distance. The apparatus also includes a holding member which keeps a positional relationship of the image projector for the right eye to the optical reflection member and a positional relationship of the image projector for the left eye to the optical reflection member.

Abstract: The die casting cylinder includes an outer cylindrical member made of a metal and a ceramic inner cylindrical member, in a boundary between which a plurality of voids are provided. The voids are preferably grooves provided in an inner surface of the outer cylindrical member of in an outer surface of the inner cylindrical member, with a width "a" and a distance "b" satisfying an a/b ratio of 1:1-6:1.