Abstract: A detection unit for detecting a data row of a press position and a load at the press position; an input/storage unit for inputting and storing a value serving as a reference for determining a bend point in a relation between the press position and the load at the press position; a data-row calculation unit for calculating a data row of a press position and a load at a constant distance interval based on the data row of the press position and the load detected; a slope calculation unit for calculating a slope of the load based on the press position and the load at the press position detected; and a bend-point determination unit for determining a point, at which the calculated slope of the load exceeds the value serving as the reference for determining the bend point, as the bend point are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing olefins, including the step of subjecting an alcohol having not less than 8 and not more than 22 carbon atoms to dehydration reaction in the presence of a solid acid catalyst, in which the solid acid catalyst includes aluminum oxide and an oxide of an element having an electronegativity higher than that of aluminum which is supported on the aluminum oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing olefins, including the step of subjecting an alcohol having not less than 8 and not more than 22 carbon atoms to dehydration reaction in the presence of a solid acid catalyst, in which the solid acid catalyst includes aluminum oxide and an oxide of an element having an electronegativity higher than that of aluminum which is supported on the aluminum oxide.

Abstract: A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin and a pigment, and an insulating liquid, the toner particles being dispersed in the insulating liquid, wherein the insulating liquid contains an olefin having 12 carbon atoms or more and 18 carbon atoms or less in an amount of 10% by mass or more. The liquid developer of the present invention can be suitably used in developing latent images formed in, for example, an electrophotographic method, an electrostatic recording method, an electrostatic printing method, or the like.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide an ejection detection device with an inexpensive and simple structure that can appropriately detect conditions of nozzles, without the control of the quantity of liquid ejected from the nozzles being required. Therefore, for the ejection detection device of the present invention, a light-emitting unit emits light to a light-receiving unit in a direction in which a plurality of nozzles is arranged in a print head. The ejection detection device detects the condition of a nozzle to be detected, which ejects the liquid droplet. At this time, the emission intensity of the light-emitting unit or the responsivity of the light-receiving unit is controlled by the print head in accordance with the location of the nozzle to be detected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an olefin, including the step of subjecting an aliphatic primary alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms to liquid phase dehydration reaction in the presence of a solid acid catalyst, wherein among a total acid content of the solid acid catalyst as measured by an ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD) method, an acid content of the solid acid catalyst as calculated from an amount of ammonia desorbed at a temperature not higher than 300° C. in the method is 70% or larger of the total acid content.

Abstract: A detection unit for detecting a data row of a press position and a load at the press position; an input/storage unit for inputting and storing a value serving as a reference for determining a bend point in a relation between the press position and the load at the press position; a data-row calculation unit for calculating a data row of a press position and a load at a constant distance interval based on the data row of the press position and the load detected; a slope calculation unit for calculating a slope of the load based on the press position and the load at the press position detected; and a bend-point determination unit for determining a point, at which the calculated slope of the load exceeds the value serving as the reference for determining the bend point, as the bend point are provided.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide an ejection detection device with an inexpensive and simple structure that can appropriately detect conditions of nozzles, without the control of the quantity of liquid ejected from the nozzles being required. Therefore, for the ejection detection device of the present invention, a light-emitting unit emits light to a light-receiving unit in a direction in which a plurality of nozzles is arranged in a print head. The ejection detection device detects the condition of a nozzle to be detected, which ejects the liquid droplet. At this time, the emission intensity of the light-emitting unit or the responsivity of the light-receiving unit is controlled by the print head in accordance with the location of the nozzle to be detected.

Abstract: A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin and a pigment, and an insulating liquid, the toner particles being dispersed in the insulating liquid, wherein the insulating liquid contains an olefin having 12 carbon atoms or more and 18 carbon atoms or less in an amount of 10% by mass or more. The liquid developer of the present invention can be suitably used in developing latent images formed in, for example, an electrophotographic method, an electrostatic recording method, an electrostatic printing method, or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an olefin, including the step of subjecting an aliphatic primary alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms to liquid phase dehydration reaction in the presence of a solid acid catalyst, wherein among a total acid content of the solid acid catalyst as measured by an ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD) method, an acid content of the solid acid catalyst as calculated from an amount of ammonia desorbed at a temperature not higher than 300° C. in the method is 70% or larger of the total acid content.

Abstract: An image forming device capable of detecting the presence/absence of ink as well as whether an ink tank is mounted. A detachable ink tank 32 on a carriage 31 includes a prism 32C, and a reflective optical sensor 33 detects the presence/absence of ink depending on the difference in refractive index between the two states, that is, filled with ink and empty. A reflector lever 35, movable in response to the ink tank 32 being mounted or not, is provided on the bottom of an ink tank holder 34. The reflector lever 35 has one end fixed on a lower part of the ink tank and the other end that is a free end consisting of a triangular reflector 35D. The reflector lever 35 is normally urged upward by a resilient member 35A, and it will not direct the reflection toward the sensor 33 in the absence of the ink tank whereas it is deformed in the presence/absence of the ink tank to direct the reflection toward the sensor 33. As a result, the presence/absence of the ink tank is detected.

Abstract: There is provided a process for continuous preparation of uranium tetrafluoride hydrate which comprises the steps of continuously feeding uranous solution and hydrofluoric acid into the lower section of a reaction vessel to produce crystal particles of uranium tetrafluoride hydrate causing the crystal particles to float up and be suspended in the upper section of the reaction vessel by agitation; in which section the crystal particles grow and then precipitating and discharging the thus grown crystal particles from the bottom of the vessel, while causing waste solution to overflow from the top of the vessel. There is also provided an apparatus to accomplish the aforementioned process.