Abstract: A joined article including: a resin (1) having a linear expansion coefficient at 30° C. to 200° C. of 17 ppm/° C. or higher and a thickness of 5 to 100 ?m; and a metal joined to a surface of the resin (1) and having a thickness of 5 to 50 ?m. The resin (1) includes a heat-affected layer that is close to the metal and that occupies 80% or less of the thickness of the resin (1), and the joined article is a dielectric material for a substrate. Also disclosed is a substrate including the joined article and a resin (2) stacked on the joined article.

Abstract: Provided is an aqueous coating composition capable of forming a fluororesin coating film layer with excellent electrical properties and surface physical properties, and good adhesive properties. A coating composition containing 2 or more kinds of fluororesins, wherein at least 1 kind of the fluororesin, a fluororesin (I), has a number of functional groups of 30 to 1,000 per 106 main-chain carbon atoms, and the coating composition further contains an inorganic filler, a surfactant, a liquid medium, and a non-fluororesin.

Abstract: Provided is an aqueous coating composition capable of forming a fluororesin coating film layer with excellent electrical properties and surface physical properties, and good adhesive properties. A coating composition containing 2 or more kinds of fluororesins, where at least 1 kind of the fluororesin, a fluororesin (I), has a number of functional groups of 30 to 1,000 per 106 main-chain carbon atoms, and where the coating composition further contains an inorganic filler, a surfactant, and a liquid medium.

Abstract: A power supply system includes a first controller that, controls an MG1 inverter, a second controller that controls an MG2 inverter, and a voltage sensor that detects a voltage generated from a pair of output terminals. The first controller controls the MG1 inverter according to a target value of the voltage generated from the output terminals, irrespective of the magnitude of a deviation between the target value of the voltage generated from the output terminals, and the detected voltage. The second controller controls the MG2 inverter according to the deviation. This processing is implemented by an effective value computing unit, effective value PI control unit, and a neutral point output voltage command unit.

Abstract: External power supply system includes an electrical storage device, motor, inverter that drives the motor by using electric power of the electrical storage device, and a control device controls the inverter. The inverter includes a first and second switching elements connected in series with each other between a positive and negative electrode power supply lines. A connection-node of the first and second switching elements is connected to one corresponding stator coil. The control device inputs signals to the inverter to drive the inverter such that voltage at the neutral point becomes a predetermined value. The control device compensates for signals in dead time period, the period in which off-state signals are supplied to the first and second switching elements, on the basis of current that is input from the connection-node to one corresponding stator coil or output from one corresponding stator coil to the connection-node while an engine is driven.

Abstract: A power supply system includes a first controller that, controls an MG1 inverter, a second controller that controls an MG2 inverter, and a voltage sensor that detects a voltage generated from a pair of output terminals. The first controller controls the MG1 inverter according to a target value of the voltage generated from the output terminals, irrespective of the magnitude of a deviation between the target value of the voltage generated from the output terminals, and the detected voltage. The second controller controls the MG2 inverter according to the deviation. This processing is implemented by an effective value computing unit, effective value PI control unit, and a neutral point output voltage command unit.

Abstract: External power supply system includes an electrical storage device, motor, inverter that drives the motor by using electric power of the electrical storage device, and a control device controls the inverter. The inverter includes a first and second switching elements connected in series with each other between a positive and negative electrode power supply lines. A connection-node of the first and second switching elements is connected to one corresponding stator coil. The control device inputs signals to the inverter to drive the inverter such that voltage at the neutral point becomes a predetermined value. The control device compensates for signals in dead time period, the period in which off-state signals are supplied to the first and second switching elements, on the basis of current that is input from the connection-node to one corresponding stator coil or output from one corresponding stator coil to the connection-node while an engine is driven.

Abstract: A bolt fastening structure for an internal combustion engine includes bolt fitting holes formed in a cylinder of the engine. An inner wall of a top portion of a crankcase includes boss portions having openings, as an extension to the corresponding bolt fitting holes, with internal threads formed therein. The crankcase further includes hollow recesses formed thereon between the boss portions and crankshaft rotational support portions. Fastening bolts, each having an external thread formed at a tip portion thereof, are extended through the bolt fitting holes, and engaged with the internal threads of the boss portion. The hollow recesses include portions of the openings of the boss portions having the internal threads opened therein.

Abstract: A bolt fastening structure for an internal combustion engine includes bolt fitting holes formed in a cylinder of the engine. An inner wall of a top portion of a crankcase includes boss portions having openings, as an extension to the corresponding bolt fitting holes, with internal threads formed therein. The crankcase further includes hollow recesses formed thereon between the boss portions and crankshaft rotational support portions. Fastening bolts, each having an external thread formed at a tip portion thereof, are extended through the bolt fitting holes, and engaged with the internal threads of the boss portion. The hollow recesses include portions of the openings of the boss portions having the internal threads opened therein.

Abstract: A tire pressure monitoring apparatus comprising sensors each for detecting an air pressure of each of tires as a tire pressure, an warning generation necessity-judging unit, and a running-judging unit. The warning generation necessity-judging unit compares the detected tire pressure with a warning threshold value and generates a warning generation-ordering command if it is judged that the tire pressure decreases. The warning generation necessity-judging unit sets two kinds of pressure values: an urgent warning threshold value and a delayed warning threshold value as said warning threshold value. If the tire pressure is lower than the urgent warning threshold value, a warning generating order is generated. If the tire pressure is between the urgent warning generation threshold value and the delayed warning threshold value, the running-judging unit judges whether the vehicle is in a running state or not.

Abstract: High-purity benzyl benzoate is recovered by distilling the residue remaining after removal of unreacted toluene and benzoic acid from a reaction mixture produced by the oxidation of toluene by molecular oxygen in the presence of a metal catalyst thereby separating a fraction of benzyl benzoate containing 80 wt % or more benzyl benzoate, 10 wt % or less benzoic acid and 10 wt % or less fluorenone, and purifying the fraction of benzyl benzoate by crystallization such as recrystallization. According to this process, it is possible to recover high-purity benzyl benzoate by a simple operation at low cost from the by-product formed in the manufacture of benzoic acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing bisphenol A by the condensation of phenol with acetone in the presence of cation exchange resin obtained by sulfonating copolymers of monovinyl monomers mainly consisting of styrenes and divinyl monomers as crosslinking agent while using divinylbiphenyl and divinylbenzene mainly as said divinyl monomers and controlling the molar ratio of divinylbiphenyl to divinylbenzene at 10/0-2/8. The cation exchange resin to be used as catalyst in the condensation reaction shows a long life, maintains the production of bisphenol A over a long period of time, possesses high strength and is useful for economical and advantageous production of bisphenol A.

Abstract: High-purity benzyl benzoate is recovered by distilling the residue remaining after removal of unreacted toluene and benzoic acid from a reaction mixture produced by the oxidation of toluene by molecular oxygen in the presence of a metal catalyst thereby separating a fraction of benzyl benzoate containing 80 wt % or more benzyl benzoate, 10 wt % or less benzoic acid and 10 wt % or less fluorenone, and purifying the fraction of benzyl benzoate by crystallization such as recrystallization. According to this process, it is possible to recover high-purity benzyl benzoate by a simple operation at low cost from the by-product formed in the manufacture of benzoic acid.