Abstract: An image forming device having a mechanism for conducting variable magnification by moving a mirror, and lenses, which includes an optical system having six mirrors and a mechanism for moving the fourth mirror and the fifth mirror which are disposed behind the lenses.

Abstract: An image forming device having a mechanism for conducting variable magnification by moving plurality of mirrors and lenses, which includes, an optical system having six mirrors and a mechanism for moving the fourth mirror and the fifth mirror which are disposed behind the lenses.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus for a photoconductive element includes a cleaning member engaged with the surface of the photoconductive element to remove residual toner therefrom, a toner collecting member for collecting the toner removed by the cleaning member, and a casing for accommodating such members thereinside. The casing is formed with a guide section which permits the cleaning apparatus to be bodily moved in a direction perpendicular to an intended direction of movement of the photoconductive element. The guide section is positioned above the center of gravity position of the casing and farther from the photoconductive element than the center of gravity position. With this arrangement, the casing can be loaded and unloaded without any damage to the photoconductive element.

Abstract: An apparatus for the development of an electrostatic latent image in a magnification-variable copier which is capable of preventing the development of black frames on the outer circumference of copying portion when the reproduction is to be performed on a reduced scale. For this purpose, the apparatus includes a developing electrode which is divided into a plurality of units, such that a proper biasing potential is applied to the copying portion, and a high biasing potential is applied to other portions, whereby the developing is not effected for the unnecessary portions.

Abstract: The apparatus heat fixes a toner image on one surface of a wet-developed, image-carrying copy sheet while maintaining the opposite surface of the sheet in sliding contact with the surface of a heated plate. A portion of the heating surface is formed with a concave surface, or a curved surface having a positive curvature, and there is provided a guide roller for introducing the sheet onto the curved surface. When introduced onto the curved surface, the sheet achieves a good sliding contact with the heating surface by virtue of its resiliency without application of a back pressure thereto, thus accomplishing an efficient heat fixing without any accompanying degradation in the image quality.