Abstract: A photoelectric converter of a high signal-to-noise ratio, low cost, high productivity and stable characteristics and a system including the above photoelectric converter. The photoelectric converter includes a photoelectric converting portion in which a first electrode layer, an insulating layer for inhibiting carriers from transferring, a photoelectric converting semiconductor layer of a non-single-crystal type, an injection blocking layer for inhibiting a first type of carriers from being injected into the semiconductor layer and a second electrode layer are laminated in this order on an insulating substrate.

Abstract: In a photoelectric conversion device including peripheral ICs, the peripheral ICs are in thermal contact with a substrate having photoelectric conversion elements and a chassis, which covers the peripheral ICs and has high thermal conductivity, via a thermal conductive member, so as to eliminate adverse influences of heat produced by the peripheral ICs such as a low S/N ratio.

Abstract: In a photoelectric conversion device including peripheral ICs, the peripheral ICs are in thermal contact with a substrate having photoelectric conversion elements and a chassis, which covers the peripheral ICs and has high thermal conductivity, via a thermal conductive member, so as to eliminate adverse influences of heat produced by the peripheral ICs such as a low S/N ratio.

Abstract: Illumination device, image apparatus using the device and information processing system using the apparatus for illuminating a light beam emitted from at least two light emitting elements of different light emission wavelength ranges to an original through a light conductor prevent irregularity of illumination on the original without providing compensation means to attain improvement in color discrimination ability of a color document sheet read signal without increasing a cost. A light beam applied from an illumination device 30 arranged at an end of a light conductor 3 is scattered and reflected by a scatter and reflection area 5 of the light conductor to illuminate the original 100. The illumination device 30 has at least two light emitting elements 81G and 81R of different light emission wavelength ranges and centers of the light emitting elements are arranged at positions spaced from a normal line passing through a center of the scatter and reflection area 5.

Abstract: The invention is capable of displaying to an operator a guidance for performing an accurate operation in accordance with a state of a copying machine, and at the same time the invention does not require a huge volume memory and a processor for analyzing data in the portable terminal device with the result that the cost can be reduced and the device of the invention can be reduced in size. The portable terminal device is provided for the display and input reception of the maintenance control data in such a manner the portable terminal device can be connected to the copying machine. The maintenance control data is transmitted and received to and from the host computer and the portable terminal device via the copying machine.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a photoelectric converter comprises a plurality of substrates, which are located adjacent to each other and on which a plurality of photoelectric conversion devices are two-dimensionally arranged, either scan circuits or detection circuits, at least, that are arranged on two opposing sides of the photoelectric converter, whereby scanning directions either from the scan circuits or from the detection circuits, which are arranged on the two opposing sides, are capable of being set so as to be performed in like directions.

Abstract: According to the present invention, provided is a photoelectric converter wherein mounted on substrate are a photoelectric conversion device array portion, which is so formed as to contact two adjacent sides, and a driving circuit portion, which is formed along the other two adjacent sides and that is connected to the photoelectric conversion device array portion, wherein four of the substrates are bonded together with two each being positioned vertically and horizontally, so that the photoelectric conversion device array portions lie adjacent to each other in a plane, and wherein the number, or the shape in a plane, of the photoelectric converter device arrays mounted on at least one of the four substrates differs from the number, or the shape in a plane, of the photoelectric conversion device arrays mounted on at least one of the other three substrates.

Abstract: There is disclosed an illumination device in which a light guide is adapted to emit the light from a face thereof and is provided with an area, on a face opposite to the light emitting face, for diffusing and/or reflecting the light introduced into the light guide from an end face thereof or is provided with uneven light emitting characteristics along the longitudinal direction of the light guide, and the center of the light source positioned at the end of the light guide is placed at a position aberrated from the normal line to the area, whereby attained are compactness, a low cost, a low electric power consumption, a high efficiency of utilization of the light emitted by the light source, and excellent and uniform illumination characteristics. There are also disclosed an image reading device and an information processing apparatus, equipped with the above-mentioned illumination device.

Abstract: In a photoelectric conversion apparatus obtained by arranging and fixing a plurality of semiconductor element substrates onto a base with an adhesive, the levels of the upper surfaces of the substrates are adjusted with a desired thickness of the adhesive so as to set the upper surfaces within the same plane while the distance from the upper surface of the base to the semiconductor element surface of each substrate is kept to a design value, thereby realizing a photoelectric conversion apparatus constituted by a plurality of substrates arranged two-dimensionally, which eliminates level gaps between the substrate, and hence is free from problems such as a decrease in resolution, a deterioration in sensitivity, and peeling of a phosphor and the like.

Abstract: A reading device for illuminating a light beam emitted from at least two light emitting elements of different light emission wavelength ranges to an original through a light conductor prevent irregularity of illumination on the original without providing compensation means to attain improvement in color discrimination ability of a color document sheet read signal without increasing a cost. A light beam applied from an illumination device 30 arranged at an end of a light conductor 3 is scattered and reflected by a scatter and reflection area 5 of the light conductor to illuminate the original 100. The illumination device 30 has at least two light emitting elements 81G and 81R of different light emission wavelength ranges and centers of the light emitting elements are arranged at positions spaced from a normal line passing through a center of the scatter and reflection area 5.

Abstract: In a photoelectric conversion device including peripheral ICs, the peripheral ICs are in thermal contact with a substrate having photoelectric conversion elements and a chassis, which covers the peripheral ICs and has high thermal conductivity, via a thermal conductive member, so as to eliminate adverse influences of heat produced by the peripheral ICs such as a low S/N ratio.

Abstract: An image input/output apparatus has a photoelectric conversion element, a display element, and a switch element on a substrate, and has a function of displaying an image using the display element by holding a display potential supplied via the switch element in the photoelectric conversion element, and a function of picking up an image by detecting a charge generated in response to light incident on the photoelectric conversion element via the switch element. The photoelectric conversion element is constituted by a first electrode layer, an insulating layer for preventing passage of a carrier of a first conductivity type and a carrier of a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type, a photoelectric conversion semiconductor layer, an injection prevention layer for preventing injection of the carrier of the first conductivity type to the photoelectric conversion layer, and a second electrode layer.

Abstract: Illumination device, image apparatus using the device and information processing system using the apparatus for illuminating a light beam emitted from at least two light emitting elements of different light emission wavelength ranges to an original through a light conductor prevent irregularity of illumination on the original without providing compensation means to attain improvement in color discrimination ability of a color document sheet read signal without increasing a cost. A light beam applied from an illumination device 30 arranged at an end of a light conductor 3 is scattered and reflected by a scatter and reflection area 5 of the light conductor to illuminate the original 100. The illumination device 30 at least two light emitting elements 81G and 81R of different light emission wavelength ranges and centers of the light emitting elements are arranged at positions spaced from a normal line passing through a center of the scatter and reflection area 5.

Abstract: A system for controlling signal transfer between a plurality of devices, for controlling the transfer of signals between a main device having processors packaged therein and a subsidiary device having units packaged therein, includes a multiplexer section on the main device side for multiplexing signals from a control system processor and a monitor system processor of the main device; a demultiplexer section on a subsidiary side for demultiplexing the multiplex signal from the multiplexer section on the main device side and distributing it to the units of the subsidiary device; a multiplexer section on the subsidiary device side for multiplexing the signals from the units of the subsidiary device; and a demultiplexer section on the main device side for demultiplexing the multiplex signal from the multiplexer section on the subsidiary device side and distributing it to the control system processor and the monitor system processor.

Abstract: An X-ray image pickup device has a two-dimensional image reading device which is constituted by two-dimensionally forming a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements on an insulating substrate, and has switching elements in the vicinities of these photoelectric conversion elements, a phosphor which is formed on the two-dimensional image reading device and serves as a wavelength converter for converting X-ray radiation into visible light, and a grid plate which is formed on the phosphor and guides only X-rays from a specific direction toward the phosphor and the two-dimensional image reading device, whereby a next-generation X-ray image pickup device which can improve diagnostic efficiency that cannot be attained by the conventional film method, and has a high space factor and a high S/N ratio that cannot be attained by the CCD method can be provided.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion apparatus comprises a plurality of transparent substrates. Each of the substrates has a a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements on a front surface thereof on a base. A light-absorbing member is provided on at least one of a rear surface and end faces of the substrate.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus whose substrate or base stand is arranged to be a member to absorb or shield radiation in order to prevent semiconductor element, such as ICs, provided for driving photoelectric elements from making any malfunction or from being deteriorated by the irradiation of radiation, such as X-rays or .gamma.-rays, transmitted from the photoelectric conversion element substrate or base stand or in order to prevent radiation from being scattered.

Abstract: There is disclosed a photoelectric conversion element having a photoelectric conversion portion, at least comprising an insulating layer, a photoconductive semiconductor layer provided in contact with said insulating layer, and made of a non-single crystal material containing hydrogen atoms with the base of silicon, first and second electrodes provided in contact with the photoconductive semiconductor layer, and a third electrode provided in contact with the insulating layer. The amount of hydrogen atoms contained in said photoconductive semiconductor layer is made nonuniform in a thickness direction of said layer so that an energy band gap width of said layer changes.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device comprising, on a substrate, a photoelectric conversion element having in lamination, a first electrode layer, a first insulating layer for blocking carriers of first conduction type and second conduction type from passing therethrough, a photoelectric conversion semiconductor layer, a second insulating layer for blocking carriers of first conduction type and second conduction type from passing therethrough, and second electrode layers and a switch element having laminated a gate electrode layer, a third insulating layer, a semiconductor layer, an ohmic contact layer, a pair of first and second main electrode layers, and a wiring layer for electrically connecting first or second electrode layer of photoelectric conversion element to first main electrode layer of the switch element can be provided with high SN ratio and at lower cost without providing the injection blocking layer.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus including a photoelectric conversion element having a photoelectric conversion section. The photoelectric conversion section has an insulating layer with first and second opposed surfaces, and a photoconductive semiconductor layer with first and second opposed surfaces and an intermediate region disposed therebetween, the second surface of the semiconductor layer being adjacent to the first surface of the insulating layer. The photoconductive semiconductor layer has a non-monocrystalline matrix of silicon atoms and including hydrogen atoms distributed nonuniformly. A concentration of the hydrogen atoms is greater near the first and second surfaces of the photoconductive semiconductor layer than in the intermediate region, so that an energy band gap width of the photoconductive semiconductor layer varies between the first and second surfaces of said photoconductive semiconductor layer.