Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at an A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being located on a side opposite to the solid electrolyte layer, the second portion being located on the solid electrolyte layer side. A first ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the first portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the second portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprises an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a main phase configured by a perovskite oxide including at least one of La or Sr at the A site and that is expressed by the general formula ABO3, and a secondary phase configured by strontium oxide. The occupied surface area ratio of the secondary phase in a cross section of the cathode is greater than or equal to 0.05% and less than or equal to 3%.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer. The cathode contains a perovskite oxide expressed by the general formula ABO3 and includes at least one of Sr and La at the A site as a main component. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a solid electrolyte layer-side region within 3 ?m from a surface of the solid electrolyte layer side. The solid electrolyte layer-side region includes a main phase which is configured by the perovskite oxide and a second phase which is configured by Co3O4 and (Co, Fe)3O4. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the solid electrolyte layer-side region is less than or equal to 10.5%.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell according to the present invention has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode contains a main phase and a second phase. The main phase is configured with a perovskite oxide which is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and includes at least one of Sr and La at the A site. The second phase is configured with SrSO4 and (Co, Fe)3O4. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the cathode is less than or equal to 10.5%.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell according to the present invention has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a solid electrolyte layer-side region within 3 ?m from a surface on the solid electrolyte layer side. The solid electrolyte layer-side region has a main phase that is configured by a perovskite oxide, and a second phase that is configured by SrSO4 and (Co, Fe)3O4. The perovskite oxide is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and contains at least one of Sr and La at the A site. The (Co, Fe)3O4 contained in the electrolyte layer-side region contains Co and Fe. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the solid electrolyte layer-side region is less than or equal to 10.5%.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at the A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being located on the most upstream side in a flow direction of an oxidant gas that flows through a surface of the air electrode, the second portion being located on the most downstream side in the flow direction. A first ratio of a La concentration to a Sr concentration detected at the first portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of a La concentration to a Sr concentration detected at the second portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode contains a main phase which is configured by a perovskite oxide expressed by the general formula ABO3 and including at least one of La or Sr at the A site, and a second phase which is configured by Co3O4 and (Co, Fe)3O4. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the cathode is less than or equal to 10.5%.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode active layer, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode active layer. The cathode active layer includes a first region which is disposed facing the solid electrolyte layer, and a second region which is disposed on the first region. An average particle diameter of first constituent particles which constitute the first region is smaller than an average particle diameter of second constituent particles which constitute the second region.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a ceramic member includes a mark process for forming a mark indicating information about a ceramic green body on the ceramic green body by using a mark material capable of being erased by a predetermined heat treatment; and a heat treatment process for erasing the mark by applying the ceramic green body to the predetermined heat treatment.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at the A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a center portion and an outer peripheral portion, the center portion being located at a center of the air electrode in a plane direction perpendicular to a thickness direction of the air electrode, the outer peripheral portion surrounding the center portion in the plane direction. A first ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the outer peripheral portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the center portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell includes a cathode including a complex oxide having a perovskite structure expressed by the formula ABO3, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode and the anode. The cathode includes phosphorus, chromium and boron, a content amount of the phosphorus in the cathode is at least 10 ppm and no more than 50 ppm, a content amount of the chromium in the cathode is at least 50 ppm and no more than 500 ppm, and a content amount of the boron in the cathode is at least 5 ppm and no more than 50 ppm.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at an A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being located on a side opposite to the solid electrolyte layer, the second portion being located on the solid electrolyte layer side. A first ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the first portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the second portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at the A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a center portion and an outer peripheral portion, the center portion being located at a center of the air electrode in a plane direction perpendicular to a thickness direction of the air electrode, the outer peripheral portion surrounding the center portion in the plane direction. A first ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the outer peripheral portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the center portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at the A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being located on the most upstream side in a flow direction of an oxidant gas that flows through a surface of the air electrode, the second portion being located on the most downstream side in the flow direction. A first ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the first portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the second portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: A fuel cell cathode contains a perovskite oxide as a main component. The perovskite oxide is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and including La and Sr at the A site. A solid electrolyte layer is disposed between an anode and the cathode. The cathode has a surface on an opposite side to the solid electrolyte layer. A first ratio of a Sr concentration relative to an La concentration is less than or equal to 4 times a second ratio of the Sr concentration relative to the La concentration. The first ratio is detected by the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on the surface of the cathode. The second ratio of a Sr concentration relative to a La concentration is detected by the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on an exposed surface exposed by surface processing of the surface and positioned within 5 nm of the surface in relation to a direction of thickness.

Abstract: A fuel cell has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer. The cathode contains a main component containing a perovskite oxide which is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and includes at least one of La and Sr at the A site. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes an interface region that is within 5 ?m from a surface near to the solid electrolyte layer. The interface region contains a main phase containing the perovskite oxide, and a secondary phase containing strontium oxide. An occupied surface area ratio of the secondary phase in a cross section of the interface region is greater than or equal 0.05% and less than or equal to 3%.

Abstract: A fuel cell has an anode, a cathode and a solid electrolyte layer. The cathode contains a perovskite oxide as a main component. The perovskite oxide is expressed by a general formula ABO3 and includes at least Sr at the A site. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a surface region which is within 5 ?m from a surface opposite the solid electrolyte layer. The surface region contains a main phase containing the perovskite oxide and a secondary phase containing strontium sulfate. An occupied surface area ratio of the secondary phase in a cross section of the surface region is greater than or equal to 0.25% to less than or equal to 8.5%.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell according to the present invention has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a solid electrolyte layer-side region within 3 ?m from a surface on the solid electrolyte layer side. The solid electrolyte layer-side region has a main phase that is configured by a perovskite oxide, and a second phase that is configured by SrSO4 and (Co, Fe)3O4. The perovskite oxide is expressed by the general formula ABO3 and contains at least one of Sr and La at the A site. The (Co, Fe)3O4 contained in the electrolyte layer-side region contains Co and Fe. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the solid electrolyte layer-side region is less than or equal to 10.5%.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode contains a main phase which is configured by a perovskite oxide expressed by the general formula ABO3 and including at least one of La or Sr at the A site, and a second phase which is configured by Co3O4 and (Co, Fe)3O4. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the cathode is less than or equal to 10.5%.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer. The cathode contains a perovskite oxide expressed by the general formula ABO3 and including at least one of Sr and La at the A site as a main component. The solid electrolyte layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a solid electrolyte layer-side region within 3 ?m from a surface of the solid electrolyte layer side. The solid electrolyte layer-side region includes a main phase which is configured by the perovskite oxide and a second phase which is configured by CO3O4 and (Co, Fe)3O4. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the solid electrolyte layer-side region is less than or equal to 10.5%.