Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal device including: a plurality of data lines and a plurality of scanning lines which cross each other; switching elements which are provided in correspondence with intersections between the data lines and the scanning lines; pixel electrodes connected to the switching elements; pixels configured in correspondence with the pixel electrodes; an image display region configured by the plurality of pixels; a first substrate having at least the switching elements; a second substrate which faces the first substrate; and liquid crystal interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein light incident from the first substrate is modulated by the liquid crystal, a light-shielding film is provided on a light incident side of at least the switching elements of the first substrate, and at least a portion corresponding to the image display region of the second substrate includes only a transparent layer which transmits light incident to the liquid crystal.

Abstract: A floor-planning apparatus for designing an LSI circuit including a storage unit storing logic circuit interconnection information, grouping information and macro information. A unit is provided for disposing the macro and the groups. The result of disposition is displayed on a screen and the function blocks are grouped according to the request from the exterior. A display is provided for displaying a rats net of the interconnection between the macros and also between the groups to achieve a desirable arrangement. A calculating unit is used to calculate the schematic wiring length between the macro groups and evaluate the schematic wiring length so as to replace an output side function block by a function block for high duty driving, when the length of the wiring is longer than the predetermined length, thereby reducing the time required for the LSI designing.