Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a gradation correction unit configured to perform a correction process on first image data expressing first gradation values, and output second image data expressing second gradation values. The gradation correction unit is configured to determine the second gradation values based on the first gradation values of a plurality of colors of a plurality of pixels in an area including a process target pixel and having a size corresponding to a first color misregistration amount. The gradation correction unit is further configured to determine the second gradation values such that there is no pixel in which a sum of the second gradation values of the plurality of colors exceeds a first threshold value, even when color misregistration within the first color misregistration amount occurs.

Abstract: A controller which causes a light emitting element to continuously perform minute emission for a plurality of dots in a level in which toner is not attached to a non-image section on an image bearing member is provided. The controller controls a first driving current for an image section and controls a second driving current used to perform the minute emission by the light emitting element in the non-image section several times in one job. In the image section, a driving current obtained by adding the first driving current to the second driving current is supplied so that the light emitting element emits light.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a gradation correction unit configured to perform a correction process on first image data expressing first gradation values, and output second image data expressing second gradation values. The gradation correction unit is configured to determine the second gradation values based on the first gradation values of a plurality of colors of a plurality of pixels in an area including a process target pixel and having a size corresponding to a first color misregistration amount. The gradation correction unit is further configured to determine the second gradation values such that there is no pixel in which a sum of the second gradation values of the plurality of colors exceeds a first threshold value, even when color misregistration within the first color misregistration amount occurs.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes first and second image bearing members; first and second charging members; first and second developing members; a transfer member configured to sequentially transfer toner images from the first and second image bearing members to a transfer-receiving member; and a control portion configured to, at a timing determined based on information relating to the toner image formed on the first image bearing member, perform a cleaning operation of decreasing toner that adheres to the second charging member at a time of non-image formation.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt has a first region and a second region in an outer circumferential surface thereof that is in contact with a blade. The first region has a first dynamic friction coefficient in a belt conveyance direction, and the second region has a second dynamic friction coefficient. The distance of the second region in the belt conveyance direction is less than the distance of the first region and is greater than the distance of a contact portion in which the blade is in contact with the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: Let V1 be a potential difference between a photosensitive member charged by a charging member to which a second charging voltage is applied in a preparation process and a developing member to which a developing voltage is applied. Let V2 be a potential difference between the photosensitive member charged by the charging member to which a first charging voltage is applied in an image forming process and the developing member. Given this definition, a relation of |V1|<|V2| is satisfied.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt has a first region and a second region in an outer circumferential surface thereof that is in contact with a blade. The first region has a first dynamic friction coefficient in a belt conveyance direction, and the second region has a second dynamic friction coefficient. The distance of the second region in the belt conveyance direction is less than the distance of the first region and is greater than the distance of a contact portion in which the blade is in contact with the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt includes at least two layers which are a base layer and an inner surface layer having electric resistance lower than electric resistance of the base layer, and an end portion of the inner surface layer is positioned on an outside of an end portion of a development opening portion in a width direction as a direction orthogonal to a circumferential direction of the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: With respect to a width direction of an intermediate transfer belt perpendicular to a movement direction thereof, the width of a blade is larger than the width of an image forming region in which a toner image is able to be primarily transferred from a photosensitive drum to the intermediate transfer belt. Moreover, grooves are formed on the surface of the intermediate transfer belt, and, with respect to the width direction of the intermediate transfer belt, a dynamic friction coefficient in a first region that is in contact with the end portion side of the blade is smaller than a dynamic friction coefficient in a second region that is in contact with the central portion side of the blade.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt has a first region and a second region in an outer circumferential surface thereof that is in contact with a blade. The first region has a first dynamic friction coefficient in a belt conveyance direction, and the second region has a second dynamic friction coefficient. The distance of the second region in the belt conveyance direction is less than the distance of the first region and is greater than the distance of a contact portion in which the blade is in contact with the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: A voltage maintenance element is connected to a contact member that contacts a primary transfer surface area of an intermediate transfer belt to which toner images are transferred from a plurality of image carriers between stretch members, in such a way as to prevent the electric potential of the intermediate transfer belt from varying between respective image forming stations.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt includes a surface layer with a solid lubricant added therein on an outer peripheral surface side in abutment with a photosensitive drum and a cleaning blade in a thickness direction. Further, the surface layer includes a plurality of grooves formed along a movement direction of the intermediate transfer belt in a width direction of the intermediate transfer belt. The intermediate transfer belt including the grooves satisfies J×(1/K)×L×(Q/?P)/((Q/?P)+(100/?A))<240.

Abstract: A charged positive toner having a positive polarity that attaches to a charge roller is moved from the charge roller to a photosensitive drum, and the positive toner is transferred to an intermediate transfer belt at a primary transfer portion at which a primary-transfer power supply forms an electric potential having a negative polarity. The primary-transfer power supply forms an electric potential having the positive polarity at the primary transfer portion, and the positive toner transferred to the intermediate transfer belt is moved together with the intermediate transfer belt and is collected by the charge roller in contact with a downstream photosensitive drum.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt includes a surface layer with a solid lubricant added therein on an outer peripheral surface side in abutment with a photosensitive drum and a cleaning blade in a thickness direction. Further, the surface layer includes a plurality of grooves formed along a movement direction of the intermediate transfer belt in a width direction of the intermediate transfer belt. The intermediate transfer belt including the grooves satisfies J×(1/K)×L×(Q/?P)/((Q/?P)+(100/?A))<240.

Abstract: With respect to a width direction of an intermediate transfer belt perpendicular to a movement direction thereof, the width of a blade is larger than the width of an image forming region in which a toner image is able to be primarily transferred from a photosensitive drum to the intermediate transfer belt. Moreover, grooves are formed on the surface of the intermediate transfer belt, and, with respect to the width direction of the intermediate transfer belt, a dynamic friction coefficient in a first region that is in contact with the end portion side of the blade is smaller than a dynamic friction coefficient in a second region that is in contact with the central portion side of the blade.

Abstract: A controller which causes a light emitting element to continuously perform minute emission for a plurality of dots in a level in which toner is not attached to a non-image section on an image bearing member is provided. The controller controls a first driving current for an image section and controls a second driving current used to perform the minute emission by the light emitting element in the non-image section several times in one job. In the image section, a driving current obtained by adding the first driving current to the second driving current is supplied so that the light emitting element emits light.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image carrying member, an intermediate transfer belt having conductivity, a toner image on the image carrying member being primarily transferred to the intermediate transfer belt, a secondary transfer member in contact with an outer peripheral surface of the intermediate transfer belt, the secondary transfer member secondarily transferring the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt to a transfer material, a power supply applying a voltage to the secondary transfer member, the toner image being primarily transferred from the image carrying member to the intermediate transfer belt by having a voltage be applied to the secondary transfer member from the power supply, a contact member in contact with the intermediate transfer belt, and a constant current diode, an anode side thereof being connected to the power supply, and a cathode side thereof being connected to the contact member.

Abstract: A charge roller includes, in a surface thereof, recesses that have sizes that are equivalent to or larger than a volume average particle diameter of a toner accommodated in a developing unit and that are capable of collecting the toner retransferred to a photosensitive drum.

Abstract: A controller which causes a light emitting element to continuously perform minute emission for a plurality of dots in a level in which toner is not attached to a non-image section on an image bearing member is provided. The controller controls a first driving current for an image section and controls a second driving current used to perform the minute emission by the light emitting element in the non-image section several times in one job. In the image section, a driving current obtained by adding the first driving current to the second driving current is supplied so that the light emitting element emits light.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member that rotates at a first speed, an intermediate transfer member that rotates at a second speed lower than the first speed, and a collecting member disposed in a state in which a fixed surface is pressed against the rotating intermediate transfer member. The collecting member collects toner remaining on the intermediate transfer member after a toner image is secondarily transferred from the intermediate transfer member to a transfer material.