Abstract: According to one embodiment, a memory controller includes a first interface, a second interface, and a control module. The first interface transmits and receives a signal to and from a host. The second interface transmits and receives a signal to and from a nonvolatile semiconductor memory. The control module reserves a spare area in the semiconductor memory in response to a first command received by the first interface and writes update data into the spare area when updating data in the semiconductor memory. Size of the spare area is available according to the first command.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to provide a visualisation of glottal behaviour in different phonation conditions (voiced or unvoiced consonants, vowels) without articulatory restriction and without limits in phoneme analysis. For this purpose, the invention provides a non-invasive approach comprising the diffuse illumination of the glottis using an external light source and the collection of the light signal by means of external photodetection. In accordance with the device of the invention, a light source (10, 12) is positioned externally to the person (P) being examined, at the lateral hypopharynx (HP). A photodetector (20), masked (22) against ambient light, is positioned immediately next to the skin (11) of the person (P) being examined.

Abstract: When carrying out reception and video-recording of a plurality of programs, a stream receiving unit (201) of a receiver (200) receives one of the plurality of programs, a recording unit (203) outputs a recording start request and a recording end request to a recording control unit (103) of a video-recording and distribution apparatus (102), a recording control unit (103) records a predetermined program according to the recording start request and the recording end request, and a download receiving unit (205) of the receiver (200) outputs a download start request after the stream receiving unit (201) ends the reception of the one of the plurality of programs to download recorded data of another one of the plurality of programs which are recorded by the video-recording and distribution apparatus (102). The receiver (200) thus limits the number of programs which it receives simultaneously to one.

Abstract: An error extracting unit 7 detects that an error has occurred in a medium stream received, and determines the position of the occurrence. An error specific information adding unit 13 adds error specific information indicating that the error has occurred before the transcoding to an access unit on which the transcoding has been performed, the access unit corresponding to the medium stream in which the error has occurred at the time of the reception.

Abstract: Provided is a composite multi-reagent vessel for an autoanalyzer, which prevents incorrectly combining a plurality of reagents including a standard or a control, and eliminates the work for combining reagents for analysis. A plurality of containers are each capable of standing on their own and are connected together each with an opening portion at the top and each being detachable and capable of standing as the connected reagent containers, thereby forming the composite multi-reagent vessel for the autoanalyzer to have reagents for analyzing the same analytical item therein, and a small container to have a reagent therein that is held on a step or a concave portion formed at a shoulder portion of any of the connected reagent containers.

Abstract: A switch body has a wiper switch unit installed with a wiper operation lever, and a turn signal switch unit installed with a turn signal operation lever installed respectively therein. The switch body also has a CPU, a keyless reception circuit and an anti-burglar amplifier circuit incorporated therein. An antenna for the keyless reception circuit located within the wiper operation lever also functions as an antenna for the anti-burglar amplifier circuit.

Abstract: A hydraulic actuator is operated using a manual operation device, operations from the manual operation device are stored in the path of an operation signal to a valve controller and these are read out as required and operations similar to those from the manual operation device are outputted to the hydraulic actuator so that repeated operations of the hydraulic actuator are performed automatically. Further, a vibration signal to the hydraulic actuator is added to the operation by the manual operation device and outputted so that operation that is not accurately performed by manual operation is made possible. In the case where repeated operations are performed continuously, a correction operation by the manual operation device is taken into account so that a correction operation which is varied every given amount is made simple. Thus, the present invention can be used where the digging process of a construction machine is made deeper every given amount.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automating a routine operation of an electronically controlled hydraulic-powered machine is provided. The apparatus is mounted on the hydraulic-powered machine to have the hydraulic-powered machine automatically and repetitively perform its simple routine operation. The present invention also provides a method and apparatus for automating a routine operation of an electronically controlled hydraulic-powered machine to perform an effective loading operation of a present amount of load.

Abstract: An input apparatus for computers is interposed between a keyboard and the computer. This apparatus comprises: an area designating device on which a desired visible information sheet having predetermined visible information can be disposed and which outputs a designation area signal indicative of the designated area of the visible information; a receiver to receive registration data comprising the area of the visible information and the key code of one or a series of plurality of keys corresponding to this area, the registration data being sent from an external system; a registering memory to store the registration data received by the receiver; a data fetching circuit to take out the corresponding key code from the registering memory by reference to the registration data in response to the designation area signal which is given from the area designating device; and a transmitter to transmit the fetched key code to the computer.