Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolyte composition, comprising a polyether polymer, a polyethylene oxide, and a redox pair and optionally nano-particles.

Abstract: An automatic hold time fixing circuit unit includes a first switch having first and second ends connected to data input and output ports. An input end of a memory element is connected to the second end of the first switch. A second switch includes a first end connected to an output end of the memory element and a second end connected to the data output port. A control circuit includes first and second output terminals and first and second input terminals. The first and second output terminals are connected to control ends of the first and second switches. The first and second input terminals allow input of two clocks to the control circuit for controlling connection or disconnection of the first and second switches. The data stored in the memory element can be utilized to fix a hold time of the data, so that correct data can be obtained at the data output port.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dye-sensitized solar cell using composite semiconductor materials, said composite semiconductor materials comprising semiconductor material particles and inorganic particulates coated on the surfaces of the semiconductor material particles, wherein the composite semiconductor materials have a surface area in the range from about 15 to about 80 m2/g. Since the composite semiconductor materials used in the present invention have a large surface area, the solar cell according to the present invention can have an increased adsorption amount of photosensitizers without increasing the thickness of the semiconductor material layer, and exhibits increased efficiency.

Abstract: A thiophene derivative, which has a chemical structure of formula (1): wherein, X is a substituted or non-substituted C6-C20 aromatic or C1-C20 aliphatic group; R1 and R2 are independently H, a C1-C10 linear, branched, or cyclic aliphatic group, or connected with the carbon atoms of formula (1) to form a first heterocyclic ring; R3 and R4 are independently H, a C1-C10 linear, branched, or cyclic aliphatic group, or connected with the carbon atoms of formula (1) to form a second heterocyclic ring; and b is an integer ranging from 1 to 10, with a proviso that X is not when all of R1, R2, R3 and R4 are H.

Abstract: A diindenothiophene derivative of the following formula (1) is disclosed: wherein each of G1, G2, G3 and G4 is independently an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C40-aromatic group or a C1-C40-aliphatic group; A is an electron-withdrawing group; and D is an electron-donating group. The inventive diindenothiophene derivatives can be used in a dye-sensitized solar cell.