Abstract: The present invention provides coloring particles containing a dye and a water-insoluble low-molecular-weight dispersant, wherein the average particle size of the coloring particles is 10 nm or more and 80 nm or less; the solubility parameter of the dye in water with a pH of 6.0 to 10.0 is 9.20 or more, the solubility parameter being represented by formula (1); and the content of the dye and the content of the water-insoluble low-molecular-weight dispersant satisfy a relationship of formula (2).

Abstract: Provided is a microwave reactor including a reaction container for receiving a reaction solution, a microwave radiator for irradiating the reaction solution received in the reaction container with microwaves, and a cooler for cooling the reaction solution received in the reaction container, wherein a heat-generating medium generating heat by absorbing the microwaves is arranged on a surface of the cooler or in the vicinity of the surface at a position receiving the microwaves from the microwave radiator through the reaction solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides coloring particles containing a dye and a water-insoluble low-molecular-weight dispersant, wherein the average particle size of the coloring particles is 10 nm or more and 80 nm or less; the solubility parameter of the dye in water with a pH of 6.0 to 10.0 is 9.20 or more, the solubility parameter being represented by formula (1); and the content of the dye and the content of the water-insoluble low-molecular-weight dispersant satisfy a relationship of formula (2).

Abstract: There is provided a fuel cell unit and a fuel cell stack including a flow rate controlling member provided in an anode flow path on the side of an exhaust flow path so as to be in contact with an anode gas diffusion layer wherein the flow rate controlling member generates pressure difference between an upstream side of the fuel flow path from a portion at which the flow rate controlling member is provided and a downstream side of the fuel flow path from the portion at which the flow rate controlling member is provided. The fuel cell unit and the fuel cell stack can uniformly supply a fuel and can prevent backflow of the fuel containing an impurity gas from a downstream side.

Abstract: Provided is a method of producing a fuel cell catalyst layer which has a large specific surface area and high activity and which includes the steps of: forming a dendritic structural member including a catalyst precursor by a vapor phase method; providing a coating layer on a surface of the dendritic structural member; and subjecting the dendritic structural member having the coating layer provided thereon to a reduction treatment. The dendritic structural member including a catalyst precursor is a dendritic structural member including platinum oxide or a dendritic structural member containing a composite oxide of platinum oxide and an element except platinum.

Abstract: Provided is a flow type fuel cell including: an anode chamber flow path including a power generation area; a supply flow path connected to one end of the anode chamber flow path, through which the fuel gas is supplied; and an exhaust flow path connected to another end of the anode chamber flow path, through which the fuel gas is exhausted, wherein a variable flow rate controlling unit for changing a flow rate of the fuel gas by water generated by the power generation of the power generation area is disposed within the anode chamber flow path so that the flow rate of the fuel gas can be reduced by the variable flow rate controlling unit during the power generation and for a given period of time after stop of the power generation.

Abstract: A water repellent catalyst layer for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, including a water repellent coating film provided on catalyst particles, which are coated with a proton-conductive electrolyte, and a manufacturing method for a water repellent catalyst layer for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell including the steps of: coating catalyst particles with a proton-conductive electrolyte; providing a fluorine-based compound having at least one polar group and having a molecular weight of 10,000 or less on the catalyst particles to form a fluorine compound coating film; and imparting hydrophobic property by stabilizing the fluorine compound coating film. The hydrophobic property is imparted even to the inside of fine pores of the catalyst layer to improve water evacuation performance, so that an effective surface area and a catalyst utilization ratio can be increased.

Abstract: There is provided a fuel cell unit including at least: a membrane electrode assembly including an electrolyte membrane and two catalyst layers sandwiching the electrolyte membrane therebetween; two gas diffusion layers sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly therebetween; an oxygen supplying layer brought into contact with one gas diffusion layer of the two gas diffusion layers; two collectors; and a seal portion, in which: the fuel cell unit has side surfaces of which a side surface parallel to a proton conductive direction of the electrolyte membrane has an opening portion provided in a part of the side surface; and a part of the one gas diffusion layer brought into contact with the oxygen supplying layer constitutes a part of an outer surface of the fuel cell unit. The fuel cell unit can enhance drainage efficiency and achieve effective supply of an oxidizer.