Abstract: A thin electromagnetic wave attenuation film capable of attenuating electromagnetic waves having frequencies in millimeter-wave bands, comprising an electromagnetic wave attenuation film including a dielectric substrate having a front surface and a rear surface, a thin-film conductive layer disposed on the front surface, and a planar inductor or a lamination layer disposed on the rear surface, wherein the thin-film conductive layer includes a plurality of metal plates, and values of natural logarithms obtained by normalizing a thickness T of the metal plates by a skin depth d thereof are in predetermined numerical ranges within a predetermined frequency range. The electromagnetic wave attenuation film is used in the predetermined frequency range. A top coat layer may be provided on the thin-film conductive layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a thin plate-shaped display cell that displays image and a plurality of exciters disposed on a back surface of the display cell and causing the display cell to vibrate. The plurality of exciters is such configured that the plurality of exciters is regarded as one exciter when the plurality of exciters generates vibration in the display cell.

Abstract: A display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a display cell that displays an image and has a thin-plate shape; one or more vibration exciters that are disposed on rear-surface side of the display cell and cause the display cell to vibrate; and an opposing plate opposed to the display cell with an air gap in between. The display apparatus further includes a sound-spreading adjustment member that is disposed between the display cell and the two or more vibration exciters, and controls spreading of a sound generated by vibration caused by the two or more vibration exciters.

Abstract: A display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a thin plate-shaped display cell that displays image and a plurality of exciters disposed on a back surface of the display cell and causing the display cell to vibrate. The plurality of exciters is such configured that the plurality of exciters is regarded as one exciter when the plurality of exciters generates vibration in the display cell.

Abstract: A flat panel speaker according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes a flat panel and a plurality of vibrators that are disposed on a back surface of the flat panel. The plurality of vibrators are disposed to avoid a location that most easily vibrates in an entire range of audio frequencies when vibration is generated in the flat panel by the plurality of vibrators. A large stationary wave with respect to the flat panel therefore does not easily occur.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle control method is provided for a hybrid vehicle having an engine and a generator directly connected via a gear train having a plurality of gears that are engaged with each other. In this hybrid vehicle control method, a prescribed torque is continuously applied to the generator upon determining the engine is in a rotating state such that a transmission torque of the gear train does not continuously fluctuate above and below zero torque. Preferably, in one embodiment, the prescribed torque continuously applied to the second motor/generator is a negative torque value during a power generation operation in which the generator is rotated by the engine and is a positive torque value during a motoring operation in which the engine is rotated by the generator.

Abstract: A display apparatus according to the present disclosure includes: a main body including a display panel and a sound generation section; a stand that supports, with respect to an installation surface, the main body from a rear surface side of the main body; and a receiving member that is attached to a lower portion of the main body and supports the main body to allow a gap to be provided between the installation surface and the main body.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte solution used for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a cyclic carbonate and a fluorinated carboxylate ester including two fluorine atoms on an alpha carbon atom derived from a carboxylic acid as a nonaqueous solvent.

Abstract: A display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a display cell that displays an image and has a thin-plate shape; one or more vibration exciters that are disposed on rear-surface side of the display cell and cause the display cell to vibrate; and an opposing plate opposed to the display cell with an air gap in between. The display apparatus further includes a sound-spreading adjustment member that is disposed between the display cell and the two or more vibration exciters, and controls spreading of a sound generated by vibration caused by the two or more vibration exciters.

Abstract: A display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a thin plate-shaped display cell that displays image and a plurality of exciters disposed on a back surface of the display cell and causing the display cell to vibrate. The plurality of exciters is such configured that the plurality of exciters is regarded as one exciter when the plurality of exciters generates vibration in the display cell.

Abstract: A display apparatus according to the present disclosure includes: a main body including a display panel and a sound generation section; a stand that supports, with respect to an installation surface, the main body from a rear surface side of the main body; and a receiving member that is attached to a lower portion of the main body and supports the main body to allow a gap to be provided between the installation surface and the main body.

Abstract: A display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a thin plate-shaped display cell that displays image and a plurality of exciters disposed on a back surface of the display cell and causing the display cell to vibrate. The plurality of exciters is such configured that the plurality of exciters is regarded as one exciter when the plurality of exciters generates vibration in the display cell.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle control method is provided for a hybrid vehicle having an engine and a generator directly connected via a gear train having a plurality of gears that are engaged with each other. In this hybrid vehicle control method, a prescribed torque is continuously applied to the generator upon determining the engine is in a rotating state such that a transmission torque of the gear train does not continuously fluctuate above and below zero torque. Preferably, in one embodiment, the prescribed torque continuously applied to the second motor/generator is a negative torque value during a power generation operation in which the generator is rotated by the engine and is a positive torque value during a motoring operation in which the engine is rotated by the generator.

Abstract: A flat panel speaker according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes a flat panel and a plurality of vibrators that are disposed on a back surface of the flat panel. The plurality of vibrators are disposed to avoid a location that most easily vibrates in an entire range of audio frequencies when vibration is generated in the flat panel by the plurality of vibrators. A large stationary wave with respect to the flat panel therefore does not easily occur.

Abstract: A separator includes a substrate layer made of a resin and a heat resistance layer. The heat resistance layer contains heat-resistant fine particles and a binder. An amount of the binder contained per unit volume in the heat resistance layer positioned at an end portion in a width direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the separator is higher than the amount of the binder contained per unit volume in the heat resistance layer (84) positioned at a center portion which includes the center in the width direction of the separator. In the heat resistance layer at the end portion, the amount of the binder contained per unit volume in a substrate layer side region is higher than the amount of the binder contained per unit volume in a surface region which includes a surface of the heat resistance layer.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte solution used for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a cyclic carbonate and a fluorinated carboxylate ester including two fluorine atoms on an alpha carbon atom derived from a carboxylic acid as a nonaqueous solvent.

Abstract: A reflective mask reducing reflection of out-of-band light. The reflective mask includes a light shielding frame formed in a mask region corresponding to a boundary region of a chip on a semiconductor substrate multiply exposed. The substrate of the light shielding frame includes a layer having a different refractive index or includes pores to change the path of incident out-of-band light to thereby suppress the out-of-band light from being reflected off the conductive film. The substrate also includes a layer having a different refractive index relative to out-of-band light reflected off the conductive layer. With the reflective mask of this configuration, influence on the wiring pattern dimension can be reduced and productivity of the semiconductors can be improved.

Abstract: A reflective mask reducing reflection of out-of-band light. The reflective mask includes a light shielding frame formed in a mask region corresponding to a boundary region of a chip on a semiconductor substrate multiply exposed. The substrate of the light shielding frame includes a layer having a different refractive index or includes pores to change the path of incident out-of-band light to thereby suppress the out-of-band light from being reflected off the conductive film. The substrate also includes a layer having a different refractive index relative to out-of-band light reflected off the conductive layer. With the reflective mask of this configuration, influence on the wiring pattern dimension can be reduced and productivity of the semiconductors can be improved.

Abstract: A separator includes a substrate layer made of a resin and a heat resistance layer. The heat resistance layer contains heat-resistant fine particles and a binder. An amount of the binder contained per unit volume in the heat resistance layer positioned at an end portion in a width direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the separator is higher than the amount of the binder contained per unit volume in the heat resistance layer (84) positioned at a center portion which includes the center in the width direction of the separator. In the heat resistance layer at the end portion, the amount of the binder contained per unit volume in a substrate layer side region is higher than the amount of the binder contained per unit volume in a surface region which includes a surface of the heat resistance layer.

Abstract: A speaker apparatus arranged in a predetermined casing includes a speaker unit disposed at a predetermined position in the casing, a speaker grill section whereto sound output holes are provided, and the speaker grill section being disposed on the front of a sound output surface locating at the position of the speaker unit in the casing, while a predetermined distance is kept from the speaker unit, a first front air chamber which is disposed between the speaker unit and the speaker grill section in the casing, and separated from other sections in the casing, and a second front air chamber extending from the first front air chamber on the front of the speaker unit.