Abstract: An electrode substrate includes an insulation substrate and a reference electrode on the insulation substrate. The reference electrode includes a silver layer, a first silver chloride layer, and a second silver chloride layer. The silver layer is on the insulation substrate. The first silver chloride layer is on the silver layer on the insulation substrate, and covers the silver layer. The second silver chloride layer is on the first silver chloride layer on the insulation substrate, and covers the first silver chloride layer. An area void fraction of the first silver chloride layer is larger than an area void fraction of the second silver chloride layer in any longitudinal section.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes an endoscope, a video processor, a power source unit, and a parameter control device. The endoscope includes an image pickup unit and an illumination unit. The power source unit supplies electric power to the image pickup unit and the illumination unit. The video processor includes an image processing unit configured to generate an endoscope image. The parameter control device includes a data collection unit, a determination unit, and a parameter determination unit. When the data collection unit acquires one or more pieces of start information during execution of electric power consumption reducing processing, the determination unit determines to stop the electric power consumption reducing processing and execute high image quality achieving processing.

Abstract: A field effect transistor includes a substrate, a material layer on a surface of the substrate and including a two-dimensional material or carbon nanotubes, and particles interposed between the substrate and the material layer.

Abstract: An image compression device of an endoscope apparatus includes a compression processing control unit, a storage unit, a first compression parameter generating unit, a second compression parameter generating unit and a compression parameter determining unit. The first compression parameter generating unit generates a first tentative compression parameter based on a transferable data amount. The second compression parameter generating unit generates a second tentative compression parameter based on a storage capacity of the storage unit. The compression parameter determining unit compares the first tentative compression parameter and the second tentative compression parameter to select a parameter with which a data amount after compression becomes smaller as a selected parameter. The compression processing control unit updates a compression parameter with the selected parameter and performs compression processing using the updated compression parameter.

Abstract: A medical system includes an imager configured to pick up an image and output an image signal, a signal processing device configured to generate an observation image from the image signal, a display configured to display the observation image, and a relay device, and the signal processing device derives a processing sequence that minimizes a time duration from when the imager picks up an image until the display displays the observation image, based on a first specification of the image signal at the imager, a second specification of the signal processing device, a third specification of the observation image at the display, and a communication protocol of the relay device, provides instruction of a fourth specification to the imager based on the processing sequence, and provides instruction of a fifth specification to the display based on the processing sequence.

Abstract: A stretchable wiring board that includes: a stretchable substrate; a first wiring line on the stretchable substrate; an insulating layer overlapping a first part of the first wiring line in a plan view of the stretchable wiring board; and a second wiring line overlapping the first part of the first wiring line in the plan view with the insulating layer interposed therebetween. The insulating layer has at least one first notch, and in the plan view, the at least one first notch does not overlap the first wiring line and overlaps the second wiring line.

Abstract: A stretchable mounting board that includes a stretchable substrate having a main surface, a stretchable wiring disposed on the main surface of the stretchable substrate, a mounting electrode section electrically connected to the stretchable wiring, solder electrically connected to the mounting electrode section and including bismuth and tin, and an electronic component electrically connected to the mounting electrode section with the solder interposed therebetween. The mounting electrode section has a first electrode layer on a side thereof facing the stretchable wiring and which includes bismuth and tin, and a second electrode layer on a side thereof facing the solder and which includes bismuth and tin. A concentration of the bismuth in the first electrode layer is lower than a concentration of the bismuth in the second electrode layer.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus includes a compression processing control unit configured to carry out a compression processing of compressing image data by using a compression parameter to generate compressed data, a monitor that is a display unit configured to display a display image corresponding to the image data, an information quantity detection unit configured to detect a quantity of information on an object contained in the image data, and a judgement unit configured to carry out a judgement processing of judging whether or not a judgement value corresponding to the quantity of information is smaller than a predetermined threshold. The image pickup of the object and the generation of the image data are continuously performed multiple times, and the judgement processing is carried out whenever the image data is generated. The compression parameter and the display image are determined based on a result of the judgement processing.

Abstract: A piezoelectric device that includes a sintered body in which a first conductor portion and a second conductor portion are disposed on both principal surfaces of a piezoelectric ceramic base body. The first conductor portion includes conductive films having a predetermined pattern. An insulating film is formed on the principal surface of the piezoelectric ceramic base body on which the conductive films are disposed such that portions of the conductive films are exposed therethrough. The insulating film has a malleability equal to or greater than that of the conductive films.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus includes an image pickup device, an illumination element, a power source unit, a processor, an image processing unit, and a monitor as a display unit. The illumination element is capable of executing illumination light reduction processing. The image pickup device is capable of executing frame rate reduction processing and pixel count reduction processing. When the processor selects a low power consumption operation mode, at least one of the illumination light reduction processing, the frame rate reduction processing and the pixel count reduction processing is executed, and the image processing unit performs image restoration processing relevant to the illumination light reduction processing, the frame rate reduction processing and the pixel count reduction processing.

Abstract: A stretchable mounting board that includes a stretchable substrate having a main surface, a stretchable wiring disposed on the main surface of the stretchable substrate, a mounting electrode section electrically connected to the stretchable wiring, solder electrically connected to the mounting electrode section and including bismuth and tin, and an electronic component electrically connected to the mounting electrode section with the solder interposed therebetween. The mounting electrode section has a first electrode layer on a side thereof facing the stretchable wiring and which includes bismuth and tin, and a second electrode layer on a side thereof facing the solder and which includes bismuth and tin. A concentration of the bismuth in the first electrode layer is lower than a concentration of the bismuth in the second electrode layer.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes an endoscope, a video processor, a power source unit, and a parameter control device. The endoscope includes an image pickup unit and an illumination unit. The power source unit supplies electric power to the image pickup unit and the illumination unit. The video processor includes an image processing unit configured to generate an endoscope image. The parameter control device includes a data collection unit, a determination unit, and a parameter determination unit. When the data collection unit acquires one or more pieces of start information during execution of electric power consumption reducing processing, the determination unit determines to stop the electric power consumption reducing processing and execute high image quality achieving processing.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes an endoscope, a video processor, and a parameter control device. The parameter control device causes the endoscope and the video processor to execute predetermined processing by controlling a plurality of parameters used by the endoscope and the video processor. The parameter control device includes a data collection unit, an operation mode determination unit, and a parameter determination unit. The operation mode determination unit selects one or more operation modes from among an electric power consumption reducing mode, a wireless transmission amount reducing mode, a high image quality achieving mode, and a standard mode by determining the plurality of pieces of information acquired by the data collection unit. The parameter determination unit determines the plurality of parameters based on one or more operation modes selected by an operation mode selection unit.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes an endoscope, a video processor, and a parameter control device. The parameter control device causes the endoscope and the video processor to execute predetermined processing by controlling a plurality of parameters used in the endoscope and the video processor. The parameter control device includes a data collection unit, a determination unit, and a parameter determination unit. The determination unit determines contents of constraint processing by determining a plurality of pieces of information acquired by the data collection unit, and determines contents of recovery processing so that a function for displaying an endoscope image is recovered, the function being degraded through the constraint processing. The parameter determination unit determines one or more parameters used in the constraint processing and one or more parameters used in the recovery processing.

Abstract: A stretchable mounting board that includes a mounting electrode section electrically connected to stretchable wiring, and solder electrically connected to the mounting electrode section. The mounting electrode section has a first electrode layer on a side thereof facing the stretchable wiring and which includes bismuth and tin, and a second electrode layer on a side thereof facing the solder and which includes bismuth and tin. A concentration of the bismuth in the first electrode layer is lower than a concentration of the bismuth in the second electrode layer, and the concentration of the bismuth in the second electrode layer is constant along a thickness direction thereof.

Abstract: A stretchable wiring board that includes: a stretchable substrate; a first wiring line on the stretchable substrate; an insulating layer overlapping a first part of the first wiring line in a plan view of the stretchable wiring board; and a second wiring line overlapping the first part of the first wiring line in the plan view with the insulating layer interposed therebetween. The insulating layer has at least one first notch, and in the plan view, the at least one first notch does not overlap the first wiring line and overlaps the second wiring line.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus includes an image pickup device, an illumination element, a power source unit, a processor, an image processing unit, and a monitor as a display unit. The illumination element is capable of executing illumination light reduction processing. The image pickup device is capable of executing frame rate reduction processing and pixel count reduction processing. When the processor selects a low power consumption operation mode, at least one of the illumination light reduction processing, the frame rate reduction processing and the pixel count reduction processing is executed, and the image processing unit performs image restoration processing relevant to the illumination light reduction processing, the frame rate reduction processing and the pixel count reduction processing.

Abstract: In an endoscope system, an image processing section on a processor side detects a movement amount or a distance in an image. An endoscopic-procedure-scene classifying section classify, from a feature value, to which of endoscopic procedure scene a scene of an image corresponds and further determines whether reliability of the classified endoscopic procedure scene is low. When the reliability is low, the endoscopic-procedure-scene classifying section decides a target compression ratio from an endoscopic procedure scene classified in the past, and transmits a compression parameter corresponding to the target compression ratio to a wireless endoscope. The wireless endoscope performs wireless transmission of an image compressed with the compression parameter.

Abstract: An image compression device of an endoscope apparatus includes a compression processing control unit, a storage unit, a first compression parameter generating unit, a second compression parameter generating unit and a compression parameter determining unit. The first compression parameter generating unit generates a first tentative compression parameter based on a transferable data amount. The second compression parameter generating unit generates a second tentative compression parameter based on a storage capacity of the storage unit. The compression parameter determining unit compares the first tentative compression parameter and the second tentative compression parameter to select a parameter with which a data amount after compression becomes smaller as a selected parameter. The compression processing control unit updates a compression parameter with the selected parameter and performs compression processing using the updated compression parameter.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus includes a compression processing control unit configured to carry out a compression processing of compressing image data by using a compression parameter to generate compressed data, a monitor that is a display unit configured to display a display image corresponding to the image data, an information quantity detection unit configured to detect a quantity of information on an object contained in the image data, and a judgement unit configured to carry out a judgement processing of judging whether or not a judgement value corresponding to the quantity of information is smaller than a predetermined threshold. The image pickup of the object and the generation of the image data are continuously performed multiple times, and the judgement processing is carried out whenever the image data is generated. The compression parameter and the display image are determined based on a result of the judgement processing.