Abstract: Disclosed is a new technology for use in gene diagnosis, which enables simple and highly sensitive detection of an abnormal gene. A nucleic acid oligomer having a base sequence of a normal gene of interest is hybridized in a reversed micelle with a probe having a base sequence complementary to said base sequence of the normal gene; the nucleic acid oligomer having the base sequence of the normal gene is hybridized in another reversed micelle with a probe having a base sequence complementary to a base sequence of an abnormal gene partly altered from the base sequence of the normal gene; and the rates of the hybridization reactions are measured to examine the difference therebetween. The rates of the hybridization reactions can be measured, for example, by measuring change in ultraviolet light absorbance.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the extraction of indoles which comprises the steps of firstly extracting indoles from an indoles containing mixture with formamide or a formamide-containing solution and subsequently contacting the extract with at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of ethers, aromatic hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons to recover indoles with the organic solvent. This process is applicable to an industrial scale extraction of indoles, because the extraction solvent system has a high extraction selectivity of indoles, is required in a small amount with almost no losses through the extraction and recovery steps and can be used repeatedly.

Abstract: The present invention provides an effective process for an enzymatic reaction which utilizes the enzyme membrane of the invention. The enzyme membrane consists of an enzyme strongly entrapped in a membrane base, said base being porous, fibrous, or roughened material which is permanently self-polarized or maintained polarized under an electric field. This enzyme membrane catalytically reacts with a substrate solution without loss of enzyme. The most preferred material for the membrane substrate is expanded porous polytetrafluoroethylene.