Abstract: Adherent foreign matters such as metal powders and sludges are removed from the surface of work pieces of metal, ceramics or the like in a treating process thereof. Work pieces where foreign matters adhere and a granules composed of a heat-resisting inorganic substance such as sand are put together into a container. The inside of the container is heated to raise the temperature to the melting point of the adherents or to a temperature near it, and an external force is applied; to the container so that the work pieces will move in the container, for example, to rotate the container.

Abstract: A monolithic ceramic capacitor, comprising a ceramic body, a plurality of internal electrodes of lead or lead alloy which are formed in said ceramic body in such a manner that adjacent two internal electrodes interpose a ceramic layer of the ceramic body, and a pair of external electrodes which are formed on both opposite end planes of the ceramic body and are connected to alternate internal electrodes, respectively, being characterized in that said external electrode comprises a first layer and a second layer which do not react with the internal electrode, that the first porous layer is connected to alternate internal electrodes, and that the second layer is formed on the first layer so as to cover the first layer and is made of silver, copper or nickel or its alloy.

Abstract: A monolithic ceramic capacitor implemented by a sintered body obtained by laminating a plurality of ceramic green sheets and simultaneously firing the same. Internal electrodes are formed by a lead or a lead alloy injected into a plurality of gaps opening in either side of a pair of end surfaces of the sintered body. External electrodes are provided on the pair of end surfaces and are formed by first layers mainly composed of nickel and second layers mainly composed of tin and provided on the outer sides of the first layers.