Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which can enlarge an effective display region without lowering a light quantity and can reduce a thickness and a weight thereof. A thin-film spacers having resiliency is arranged in the inside of a metal frame for holding a liquid crystal display panel. The spacer includes protrusions and a liquid crystal display panel is fixed by utilizing the resiliency of the protrusions. Further, by using resin material having high reflectance as a material of the spacer, it is possible to suppress the leaking of light from a light guide plate so that the lowering of luminance of the liquid crystal display device can be obviated.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device with both functions of transmission-mode display and reflection-mode display is disclosed, which device is capable of improving the display quality in each display mode to thereby obtain on-screen display images of high quality in either one of the display modes. The liquid crystal display device includes a scan signal line drive circuit operable to apply a scan signal to a number of scan signal lines, an image/video signal line drive circuit which applies an image signal to a number of image signal lines, and a power supply circuit for supplying necessary voltages to the scan signal line drive circuit and image signal line drive circuit. The power supply circuit includes a counter voltage generation circuit for selecting a voltage optimized for a respective display mode of the transmission mode and the reflection mode to thereby apply the selected voltage to a counter electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which can enlarge an effective display region without lowering a light quantity and can reduce a thickness and a weight thereof. A thin-film spacers having resiliency is arranged in the inside of a metal frame for holding a liquid crystal display panel. The spacer includes protrusions and a liquid crystal display panel is fixed by utilizing the resiliency of the protrusions. Further, by using resin material having high reflectance as a material of the spacer, it is possible to suppress the leaking of light from a light guide plate so that the lowering of luminance of the liquid crystal display device can be obviated.

Abstract: Gas turbine blade ring is cooled by steam of which temperature, pressure and flow rate are controlled so that clearance between moving blade tip and blade ring is maintained appropriately. Steam from steam turbine bottoming cycle (10) flows into blade ring cooling passage (8) of gas turbine (1) via piping (12) for cooling blade ring. The steam having cooled the blade ring is supplied into transition piece cooling passage (9) of combustor (3) for cooling transition piece and is then recovered into the steam turbine bottoming cycle (10) via piping (14). While the steam cools the blade ring, temperature, pressure and flow rate of the steam are controlled so that thermal elongation of the blade ring is adjusted and the clearance at the moving blade tip is controlled so as to approach target value. Thus, the clearance is maintained as small as possible in operation and gas turbine performance is enhanced.

Abstract: A monochromator for radiant X-rays is composed of a first crystal which has a first surface of incidence having a concave letter V-shaped groove and cooling means for flowing a cooling material behind the first surface of incidence along the letter V-shaped groove, and a second crystal which has a second surface of incidence having a letter V-shaped convex. A parallel pencil of X-rays which impinges on the first surface of incidence elongates to a half-ellipse on the first surface of incidence and reflects in parallel therefrom to the second surface of incidence. Then, a pencil of emissive X-rays having the same size as the initial parallel pencil of X-rays exits the second surface of incidence to become useful light. The monochromator for radiant X-rays which has a high cooling efficiency, is easy to adjust, provides a pencil of emissive X-rays stably and highly accurately. The monochromator is easy to use and economical, and allows easy maintenance.

Abstract: A permanent magnet which contains R, T and B as main ingredients wherein R is Y or a rare earth element and T is Fe or Fe and Co and has a primary phase of R.sub.2 T.sub.14 B is produced by compacting a mixture of 60 to 95 wt % of a primary phase-forming master alloy and a grain boundary phase-forming master alloy both in powder form and sintering the compact. The primary phase-forming master alloy has columnar crystal grains of R.sub.2 T.sub.14 B with a mean grain size of 3-50 .mu.m and grain boundaries of an R rich phase and contains 26-32 wt % of R. The grain boundary phase-forming master alloy is a crystalline alloy consisting essentially of 32-60 wt % of R and the balance of Co or Co and Fe. In anther form, a permanent magnet which contains R, T and B as main ingredients wherein R is yttrium or a rare earth element, T is Fe or Fe+Co/Ni and has a primary phase of R.sub.2 T.sub.

Abstract: A plurality of magnetic poles provided by using magnets are arranged in opposition to one another in pairs. The pairs of magnetic poles are arranged with two kinds of intervals between the adjacent magnetic poles. The two intervals have the relation of an irrational number ratio in accordance with the lining order of generalized Fibonacci series. The series of peak values of the magnetic field or the series of peak values of the double integral values of the magnetic field along the central axis of the magnetic circuit comprising the array of the magnets reside at the positions to satisfy the relation of generalized Fibonacci series.

Abstract: The sintered permanent magnet of the invention has a composition of the formula:(R.sub.1-.alpha. Dy.sub..alpha.).sub.a Fe.sub.(100-a-b-c-d-e) B.sub.b Al.sub.c Sn.sub.d M.sub.ewherein R is at least one rare earth element exclusive of Dy, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Nb, W, V, Ta, Mo, Ti, Ni, Bi, Cr, Mn, Sb, Ge, Zr, Hf, Si, In, and Pb, and 0.01.ltoreq..alpha.0.5, 8.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.30, 2.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.28, 0.2.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.2, 0.03.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.0.5, and 0.ltoreq.e.ltoreq.3. The sintered permanent magnet of R-Fe-B system has excellent thermal stability and high maximum energy product.

Abstract: This invention is relates to a fire extinguishing system which obstructs a fire in a chemical bath containing a flammable chemical arranged within a closed space of high airtightness. The fire extinguishing system includes detecting means which generates a detection signal by detecting flames outbroken on the surface of the chemical, an injection nozzle which jets out a nonflammable gas toward the liquid surface of the chemical in response to the detection signal, an auxiliary bath which temporarily stores the chemical by discharging the chemical from the chemical bath in response to the detection signal, a feed water equipment which supplies water to the auxiliary bath in response to the detection signal to dilute and cool the chemical, a pipeline which discharges the vapor component of the chemical within the chemical bath from the closed space, and an inert gas supplying device which supplies an inert gas in order to dilute the vapor component of the chemical within the auxiliary bath.