Abstract: The present invention provides a spiral membrane element suitable for suppressing a decrease in a permeation rate (or a permeation flux) of a permeated fluid from a separation membrane. A spiral membrane element of the present invention includes: a central tube; a membrane leaf that has a separation membrane and a permeation spacer and is wound around the central tube; and a flow passage spacer that is connected to the permeation spacer and is wound around the central tube on a side closer to the central tube than the membrane leaf is. A pressure loss of the flow passage spacer measured by a predetermined test is smaller than a pressure loss of the permeation spacer.

Abstract: A rubber-reinforcing cord (12) of the present invention includes at least one strand. The strand includes at least one filament bundle and a coating provided to cover at least a portion of the surface of the filament bundle. The coating contains a polymer and cellulose nanofibers, and does not contain a resorcinol-formaldehyde condensate. The polymer contains at least one selected from a polyurethane and a rubber component. In the coating, the content of the cellulose nanofibers is 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer. The proportion of the coating in the rubber-reinforcing cord is 18 vol % or more.

Abstract: A rubber-reinforcing cord (12) of the present invention includes at least one strand. The strand includes at least one filament bundle and a coating provided to cover at least a portion of a surface of the filament bundle. The coating includes a rubber component including at least one selected from the group consisting of carboxyl-modified nitrile rubber and carboxyl-modified hydrogenated nitrile rubber, an isocyanate compound, a bismaleimide compound, carbon black, and a rubber-modified epoxy resin. In the coating, the content of the isocyanate compound is 10 to 50 parts by mass, the content of the bismaleimide compound is 5 to 25 parts by mass, the content of the carbon black is 2 to 18 parts by mass, and the content of the rubber-modified epoxy resin is 5 to 30 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.

Abstract: A rubber-reinforcing cord (10) includes a first fiber strand (11) and a plurality of second fiber strands (12) disposed around the first fiber strand (11). The second fiber strand (12) has a tensile elastic modulus higher by 20 GPa or more than that of the first fiber strand (11).

Abstract: A new material efficiently attenuating transmission of near-infrared light is provided. A provided near-infrared-shielding material includes a plurality of flaky particles, wherein each of the plurality of flaky particles includes a flaky substrate and a single-layer film formed on a principal surface of the flaky substrate, and the near-infrared-shielding material has a light reflectance of 40% or more between wavelengths of 800 nm and 1400 nm. The flaky substrate is, for example, a glass flake. The glass flake has an average thickness of, for example, 0.6 pm or less. The single-layer film includes, for example, titanium oxide and has an average thickness of, for example, 80 nm to 165 nm.

Abstract: A rubber-reinforcing cord (12) of the present invention includes at least one strand. The strand includes at least one filament bundle and a coating provided to cover at least a portion of the surface of the filament bundle. The coating contains a polymer and cellulose nanofibers, and does not contain a resorcinol-formaldehyde condensate. The polymer contains at least one selected from a polyurethane and a rubber component. In the coating, the content of the cellulose nanofibers is 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer. The proportion of the coating in the rubber-reinforcing cord is 18 vol % or more.

Abstract: A rubber-reinforcing cord (30) according to the present invention includes: a reinforcing fiber or reinforcing fiber bundle (21); a first coating (22) provided to cover the reinforcing fiber or reinforcing fiber bundle (21); and a second coating (31) provided to cover the first coating (22) and be located at the outer surface of the rubber-reinforcing cord (30). The first coating (22) includes: first rubber including nitrile-based rubber as a main component; and a first crosslinking agent. The second coating (31) is a coating different from the first coating (22) and includes: second rubber consisting essentially of nitrile-based rubber; and a second crosslinking agent. The nitrile-based rubber is at least one selected from nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, carboxylated nitrile rubber, and carboxylated hydrogenated nitrile rubber.

Abstract: A rubber-reinforcing cord (12) of the present invention includes at least one strand. The strand includes at least one filament bundle and a coating provided to cover at least a portion of a surface of the filament bundle. The coating includes a rubber component including at least one selected from the group consisting of carboxyl-modified nitrile rubber and carboxyl-modified hydrogenated nitrile rubber, an isocyanate compound, a bismaleimide compound, carbon black, and a rubber-modified epoxy resin. In the coating, the content of the isocyanate compound is 10 to 50 parts by mass, the content of the bismaleimide compound is 5 to 25 parts by mass, the content of the carbon black is 2 to 18 parts by mass, and the content of the rubber-modified epoxy resin is 5 to 30 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.

Abstract: A rubber-reinforcing cord (30) according to the present invention includes: a reinforcing fiber or reinforcing fiber bundle (21); a first coating (22) provided to cover the reinforcing fiber or reinforcing fiber bundle (21); and a second coating (31) provided to cover the first coating (22) and be located at the outer surface of the rubber-reinforcing cord (30). The first coating (22) includes: first rubber including nitrile-based rubber as a main component; and a first crosslinking agent. The second coating (31) is a coating different from the first coating (22) and includes: second rubber consisting essentially of nitrile-based rubber; and a second crosslinking agent. The nitrile-based rubber is at least one selected from nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, carboxylated nitrile rubber, and carboxylated hydrogenated nitrile rubber.

Abstract: A rubber-reinforcing cord (10) includes a first fiber strand (11) and a plurality of second fiber strands (12) disposed around the first fiber strand (11). The second fiber strand (12) has a tensile elastic modulus higher by 20 GPa or more than that of the first fiber strand (11).

Abstract: The present invention provides a carbon fiber cord having both high bending fatigue resistance and high adhesiveness. The disclosed carbon fiber cord is a carbon fiber cord for reinforcing a rubber product. This carbon fiber cord includes a carbon fiber, a first coating layer formed on the carbon fiber, and a second coating layer formed over the first coating layer. The first coating layer contains a phenolic resin and does not contain a rubber component. The second coating layer contains a rubber component. The mass ratio of the first coating layer to the total mass of the carbon fiber and the first coating layer is in a range of 0.5% to 10%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carbon fiber cord having both high bending fatigue resistance and high adhesiveness. The disclosed carbon fiber cord is a carbon fiber cord for reinforcing a rubber product. This carbon fiber cord includes a carbon fiber, a first coating layer formed on the carbon fiber, and a second coating layer formed over the first coating layer. The first coating layer contains a phenolic resin and does not contain a rubber component. The second coating layer contains a rubber component. The mass ratio of the first coating layer to the total mass of the carbon fiber and the first coating layer is in a range of 0.5% to 10%.