Abstract: A battery ECU provides an N-th arithmetic processing device with an ID assignment signal. The N-th arithmetic processing device receives the ID assignment signal, and stores an ID that is transmitted by the battery ECU. The battery ECU provides an i-th arithmetic processing device (i is a natural number from N to 2) with a command for providing an ID assignment signal. The i-th arithmetic processing device provides the (i?1)-th arithmetic processing device with the ID assignment signal in response to the command for providing an ID assignment signal. The (i?1)-th arithmetic processing device receives the ID assignment signal, and stores an ID that is transmitted by the battery ECU.

Abstract: A battery ECU provides an N-th arithmetic processing device with an ID assignment signal. The N-th arithmetic processing device receives the ID assignment signal, and stores an ID that is transmitted by the battery ECU. The battery ECU provides an i-th arithmetic processing device (i is a natural number from N to 2) with a command for providing an ID assignment signal. The i-th arithmetic processing device provides the (i?1)-th arithmetic processing device with the ID assignment signal in response to the command for providing an ID assignment signal. The (i?1)-th arithmetic processing device receives the ID assignment signal, and stores an ID that is transmitted by the battery ECU.

Abstract: Each of battery modules is provided with a range determiner and a voltage detector. The range determiner is connected to a battery via a transmission line, and the voltage detector is connected to the battery via a communication line. In the battery, a voltage calculator calculates a terminal voltage of each of battery cells using a determination result of a voltage range of the battery cell by the range determiner. A control value calculator calculates a battery control value using one of a terminal voltage of each of the battery cells detected by the voltage detector and the terminal voltage of the battery cell calculated by the voltage calculator.

Abstract: A battery control device is connected to a plurality of battery cells. The battery control device includes a voltage value calculator, a communicator, and a voltage value updater. The voltage value calculator calculates, based on a current flowing through a plurality of battery cells, a voltage of each battery cell. If the battery control device is connected to a charge control device, the communicator receives information relating to a voltage of each battery cell, which has been detected by a voltage detector in the charge control device, from the charge control device. The voltage value updater updates the voltage calculated by the voltage value calculator based on the voltage information received by the communicator.

Abstract: An actuator, which allows a controller to be commonly applied to a plurality of models without requiring complicated setting operation of control parameters, and is superior in cost effectiveness, reusability and expandability, is provided. And further, a motor unit and a controller unit constituting the actuator are provided. The motor unit is equipped with a motor, a motor drive circuit and a parameter memory, which stores characteristic parameters necessary for controlling the motor. A controller unit, which is adapted so as to be detachable to the motor unit, is provided with a motor control circuit and a communication control circuit. When the controller unit is attached to the motor unit, characteristic parameters stored in the parameter memory are loaded via a communication connector, and used for setting control parameters for the motor control circuit.

Abstract: A user communicates with a companion with his or her portable telephone attached to a telephone attachment pocket of a robot. The robot acts in accordance with a voice signal which is outputted from the portable telephone, thereby behaving as if it were speaking to the user. The robot outputs a voice in response to the user's voice which is picked up by a microphone, thereby behaving as if it were listening to the user. Owing to this robot or a robot system using the same, the user feels less odd in his or her communication using the portable telephone.

Abstract: A manipulator for a mobile object which allows operating the mobile object with a natural feeling without difficulty irrespective of the physical condition of the user, and a push cart and a walker including such a manipulator are to be provided. The straight travel reference vector Fs, direction change reference vector Fc and rotating reference vector Fr are developed in advance based on the applied manipulating force of the user. An angle defined by the vector of the manipulating force applied by the user (applied manipulating force vector Fi) and the straight travel reference vector Fs is denoted as ?, an angle defined by the applied manipulating force vector Fi and the direction change reference vector Fc as ?, and an angle defined by the applied manipulating force vector Fi and the rotating reference vector Fr as ?.

Abstract: An actuator, which allows a controller to be commonly applied to a plurality of models without requiring complicated setting operation of control parameters, and is superior in cost effectiveness, reusability and expandability, is provided. And further, a motor unit and a controller unit constituting the actuator are provided. The motor unit is equipped with a motor, a motor drive circuit and a parameter memory, which stores characteristic parameters necessary for controlling the motor. A controller unit, which is adapted so as to be detachable to the motor unit, is provided with a motor control circuit and a communication control circuit. When the controller unit is attached to the motor unit, characteristic parameters stored in the parameter memory are loaded via a communication connector, and used for setting control parameters for the motor control circuit.

Abstract: As an imaging prevention method for interfering unauthorized imaging of a number of visual images projected on a screen, there is employed a method for projecting infrared light to a viewer/audience direction from at least one or more infrared light projector devices. According to the method, infrared light may be directly incident into an imaging apparatus of a person conducting an unauthorized copying act so as to adversely affect the unauthorized copying.

Abstract: As an imaging prevention method for interfering with the unauthorized imaging and recording of a visual image projected on a screen, there is employed a method for projecting infrared light to a viewer/audience direction from at least one or more infrared light projector means disposed at a rear side of the screen. According to the method, an amount of the infrared light is directed to be incident into an imaging apparatus attempting to record an image from the screen, increasing a pirating prevention effect.

Abstract: As an imaging prevention method for interfering unauthorized imaging of a number of visual images projected on a screen, there is employed a method for projecting infrared light to a viewer/audience direction from at least one or more infrared light projector devices. According to the method, infrared light maybe directly incident into an imaging apparatus of a person conducting an unauthorized copying act so as to adversely affect the unauthorized copying.

Abstract: As an imaging prevention method for interfering unauthorized imaging of a number of visual images projected on a screen, there is employed a method for projecting infrared light to a viewer/audience direction from at least one or more infrared light projector devices disposed at a rear side of the screen. According to the method, an amount of infrared light is directly incident into an imaging apparatus whereby increasing the prevention effect causes more infrared light to be directly incident into the imaging apparatus of a person conducting the unauthorized act.

Abstract: A robot distributed control system includes a host controller issuing a first command and a plurality of communication controllers connected to the host controller in a tree-structured manner. The communication controller obtains a control parameter by interpreting the first command, or issues a second command by executing an application program in response to the first command and then obtains a control parameter. In either case, the control parameter is output from the communication controller to the motor controller by which a plurality of motors are controlled.

Abstract: As an imaging prevention method for interfering unauthorized imaging of visual image projected on a screen, there is employed a method for projecting infrared light to a viewer/audience direction from at least one or more infrared light projector means disposed at a rear side of the screen. According to the method, an amount of the infrared light directly is incident into an imaging apparatus whereby increasing the prevention effect since the more infrared light is directly incident into the imaging apparatus of a person conducting the unauthorized act.

Abstract: As an imaging prevention method for interfering unauthorized imaging of visual image projected on a screen, there is employed a method for projecting infrared light to a viewer/audience direction from at least one or more infrared light projector means disposed at a rear side of the screen. According to the method, an amount of the infrared light directly is incident into an imaging apparatus whereby increasing the prevention effect since the more infrared light is directly incident into the imaging apparatus of a person conducting the unauthorized act.

Abstract: As an imaging prevention method for interfering unauthorized imaging of visual image projected on a screen, there is employed a method for projecting infrared light to a viewer/audience direction from at least one or more infrared light projector means disposed at a rear side of the screen. According to the method, an amount of the infrared light directly is incident into an imaging apparatus whereby increasing the prevention effect since the more infrared light is directly incident into the imaging apparatus of a person conducting the unauthorized act.

Abstract: As an imaging prevention method for interfering unauthorized imaging of visual image projected on a screen, there is employed a method for projecting infrared light to a viewer/audience direction from at least one or more infrared light projector means disposed at a rear side of the screen. According to the method, an amount of the infrared light directly is incident into an imaging apparatus whereby increasing the prevention effect since the more infrared light is directly incident into the imaging apparatus of a person conducting the unauthorized act.

Abstract: A user communicates with a companion with his or her portable telephone attached to a telephone attachment pocket of a robot. The robot acts in accordance with a voice signal which is outputted from the portable telephone, thereby behaving as if it were speaking to the user. The robot outputs a voice in response to the user's voice which is picked up by a microphone, thereby behaving as if it were listening to the user. Owing to this robot or a robot system using the same, the user feels less odd in his or her communication using the portable telephone.