Abstract: A charging and discharging control device includes one or more processors configured to determine, in response to a stop of alternate-current power supply, whether a voltage value of a storage battery, being capable of supplying power to a direct-current load, is a first threshold or less; determine, in response to a restart of the alternate-current power supply, whether a difference in voltage value between the storage battery and direct-current power output from a rectifier is a second threshold or less; disconnect between the storage battery, and the rectifier and the direct-current load when determining the voltage value of the storage battery as being the first threshold or less, and reconnect from the rectifier to the storage battery when determining the difference in voltage value between the storage battery and the direct-current power is the second threshold or less.

Abstract: A semi-insulating gallium arsenide crystal substrate has a main surface with a plane orientation of (100) and a diameter of 2R mm, the main surface having a specific resistance with an average value of 5×107 ?·cm or more and with a standard deviation divided by the average value of the specific resistance, or with a coefficient of variation, of 0.50 or less in each of three measurement areas having their centers at distances of 0 mm, 0.5R mm, and (R-17) mm, respectively, from the center of the main surface in the [010] direction.

Abstract: A semi-insulating gallium arsenide crystal substrate has a main surface with a plane orientation of (100) and a diameter of 2R mm, the main surface having a specific resistance with an average value of 5×107 ?·cm or more and with a standard deviation divided by the average value of the specific resistance, or with a coefficient of variation, of 0.50 or less in each of three measurement areas having their centers at distances of 0 mm, 0.5R mm, and (R-17) mm, respectively, from the center of the main surface in the [010] direction.

Abstract: A battery system includes a battery panel which includes a battery pack including a plurality of secondary battery cells, and a battery management unit to monitor at least one of a voltage, a temperature and a degradation level of the secondary battery cell; and a DC/DC conversion device. The DC/DC conversion device includes an interactive DC/DC converter which converts power discharged from the battery pack into a prescribed voltage to output converted power, and converts power supplied from outside into a prescribed voltage to output converted power; a control unit which controls the interactive DC/DC converter; a communication unit which communicates with the battery management unit and the control unit; a control source unit; and a battery connected to a power supply line of the control source unit through a switch.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrical storage apparatus includes an electrical storage unit configured to output direct-current power, a switch element configured to block positive-side wiring connecting the electrical storage unit to an outside, a diode connected in parallel with the switch element in a direction of a current flowing from the outside to the electrical storage unit, a voltage detection unit configured to detect voltages at both ends of the switch element, and a switch control unit configured to open the switch element when the voltage detected by the voltage detection unit is a predetermined value or greater.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a power stabilization system includes a first power converter which is connected to a power system and performs bidirectional conversion between AC power and DC power. The power stabilization system includes a plurality of battery modules each including a secondary battery. The power stabilization system includes a second power converter which is connected between the first power converter and the battery module, converts DC power from the first power converter and charges a secondary battery of the battery module, and converts electric power charged in the battery module and discharges the converted electric power to the first power converter. The power stabilization system includes a controller which controls charge or discharge of each of the plurality of battery modules in accordance with a state of the power system.

Abstract: A battery system includes a battery panel which includes a battery pack including a plurality of secondary battery cells, and a battery management unit to monitor at least one of a voltage, a temperature and a degradation level of the secondary battery cell; and a DC/DC conversion device. The DC/DC conversion device includes an interactive DC/DC converter which converts power discharged from the battery pack into a prescribed voltage to output converted power, and converts power supplied from outside into a prescribed voltage to output converted power; a control unit which controls the interactive DC/DC converter; a communication unit which communicates with the battery management unit and the control unit; a control source unit; and a battery connected to a power supply line of the control source unit through a switch.

Abstract: A system includes a solar power generator having plural arrays and a power storage device having plural secondary batteries. The solar power generator and the power storage device are respectively provided with DC/DC converters coupled together, and each DC/DC converter is coupled with an AC/DC converter to configure a power generating/storing unit. Such units are coupled to an electricity distribution system through respective AC/DC converter. The solar power generator of each unit is provided with a control unit performing maximum power point tracking control so as to obtain the maximum output characteristic of the solar power generator. The power storage device is provided with a control unit detecting a voltage at the battery side and controlling charging/discharging thereof. Moreover, an integrated control device coupled with respective control units and controlling charging/discharging and an output is provided.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrical storage apparatus includes an electrical storage unit configured to output direct-current power, a switch element configured to block positive-side wiring connecting the electrical storage unit to an outside, a diode connected in parallel with the switch element in a direction of a current flowing from the outside to the electrical storage unit, a voltage detection unit configured to detect voltages at both ends of the switch element, and a switch control unit configured to open the switch element when the voltage detected by the voltage detection unit is a predetermined value or greater.

Abstract: A power control system includes a house power controller and a vehicle power controller connected by a power cable. The house power controller includes a control signal generator; a switch that operates responsive to a control signal instructing a charged amount, and passes/stops AC power coming from a power distribution system; a selector switch that switches whether to send AC power to the power cable, or to output DC power from the power cable; and a power converter converting DC power from the selector switch into AC power, and sending AC power to the power distribution system. The vehicle power controller includes a battery storing DC power; a vehicle-side selector switch that switches whether to send DC power from the battery to the power cable, or to output AC power from the power cable; and a charger that charges the battery with AC power from the vehicle-side selector switch.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a power stabilization system includes a first power converter which is connected to a power system and performs bidirectional conversion between AC power and DC power. The power stabilization system includes a plurality of battery modules each including a secondary battery. The power stabilization system includes a second power converter which is connected between the first power converter and the battery module, converts DC power from the first power converter and charges a secondary battery of the battery module, and converts electric power charged in the battery module and discharges the converted electric power to the first power converter. The power stabilization system includes a controller which controls charge or discharge of each of the plurality of battery modules in accordance with a state of the power system.

Abstract: In forming an element isolation trench, an insulating film formed above a semiconductor substrate is etched such that relatively thin insulating film situated in the memory cell region is fully removed whereas relatively thick insulating film situated in the peripheral circuit region is etched so as to leave a remainder insulating film. Then, using the remainder insulating film in the peripheral circuit region as an etch stopper, the semiconductor substrate is etched, whereafter the remainder insulating film in the peripheral circuit region is fully removed to subsequently etch the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: In forming an element isolation trench, an insulating film formed above a semiconductor substrate is etched such that relatively thin insulating film situated in the memory cell region is fully removed whereas relatively thick insulating film situated in the peripheral circuit region is etched so as to leave a remainder insulating film. Then, using the remainder insulating film in the peripheral circuit region as an etch stopper, the semiconductor substrate is etched, whereafter the remainder insulating film in the peripheral circuit region is fully removed to subsequently etch the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A polishing apparatus which attaches the semi-conductor wafers 5 to the polishing plate 4 for performing the polishing as applying pressure the polishing cloth with the semi-conductor wafers, is provided with a guide ring 7 disposed outside of the polishing plate for pressing the polishing cloth separately from the polishing plate, a retainer ring 8 provided at the lower end of the guide ring for contacting the polishing cloth, and a weight 9 detachably mounted on the upper surface of the guide ring for adjusting the pressure to the polishing cloth.

Abstract: A polishing apparatus which attaches the semi-conductor wafers 5 to the polishing plate 4 for performing the polishing as applying pressure the polishing cloth with the semi-conductor wafers, is provided with a guide ring 7 disposed outside of the polishing plate for pressing the polishing cloth separately from the polishing plate, a retainer ring 8 provided at the lower end of the guide ring for contacting the polishing cloth, and a weight 9 detachably mounted on the upper surface of the guide ring for adjusting the pressure to the polishing cloth.