Abstract: An outboard motor with improved maintainability and attachable to a hull of a marine vessel includes an internal combustion engine and a cowl to cover the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine includes an oil filler to feed oil thereto and an oil filter to filter the oil. In a case that a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a bottom of the hull is a vertical direction, the cowl is separable into a top cowl to cover an upper portion of the internal combustion engine and a side cowl to cover a side portion of the internal combustion engine. At least a portion of the oil filler or at least a portion of the oil filter is located above a separating line which is a boundary between the top cowl and the side cowl.

Abstract: A monoclonal antibody is provided which binds to a human CC chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1) and inhibits activation of the human CCR1, or an antibody fragment thereof. The monoclonal antibody binds to an extracellular region of a human CCR1 and inhibits activation of the human CCR1 by a human CC chemokine ligand 15 (CCL15). An antibody fragment thereof, a hybridoma producing the antibody, a nucleic acid having a nucleotide sequence encoding the antibody or the antibody fragment, a transformant cell containing a vector containing the nucleic acid, a method for producing the antibody or the antibody fragment using the hybridoma or the transformant cell; a therapeutic agent and a diagnostic agent containing the antibody or the antibody fragment, and a method for treating and diagnosing a CCR1-related disease using the antibody or the antibody fragment are also provided.

Abstract: An outboard motor to be attached to a hull of a marine vessel that reduces an amount of oil in blow-by gas reaching a breather chamber includes an internal combustion engine including a cylinder block including at least one cylinder. The cylinder block includes two blow-by gas flow paths to guide blow-by gas from a crank chamber to a breather chamber, and the internal combustion engine is oriented such that a crankshaft extends along a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a bottom of the hull when the marine vessel is sailing.

Abstract: An outboard motor to be attached to a hull of a marine vessel that reduces an amount of oil in blow-by gas reaching a breather chamber includes an internal combustion engine including a cylinder block including at least one cylinder. The cylinder block includes two blow-by gas flow paths to guide blow-by gas from a crank chamber to a breather chamber, and the internal combustion engine is oriented such that a crankshaft extends along a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a bottom of the hull when the marine vessel is sailing.

Abstract: An outboard motor includes an engine, a relay exhaust pipe, a downstream exhaust pipe connected to the relay exhaust pipe, and a propeller to be driven by the engine. The engine includes a plurality of cylinders arranged in series along a vertical direction, a plurality of exhaust ports respectively extending from the combustion chambers of the plurality of cylinders in a sideward direction, and an upstream exhaust pipe connected to the plurality of exhaust ports and extending downwardly. A lower end portion of the upstream exhaust pipe is connected to the relay exhaust pipe from above. The upstream exhaust pipe includes an upstream portion located at a higher location than the lower end portion and extending linearly downwardly. The lower end portion is located closer to the combustion chamber than the upstream portion with respect to a left-right direction.

Abstract: An outboard motor with improved maintainability and attachable to a hull of a marine vessel includes an internal combustion engine and a cowl to cover the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine includes an oil filler to feed oil thereto and an oil filter to filter the oil. In a case that a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a bottom of the hull is a vertical direction, the cowl is separable into a top cowl to cover an upper portion of the internal combustion engine and a side cowl to cover a side portion of the internal combustion engine. At least a portion of the oil filler or at least a portion of the oil filter is located above a separating line which is a boundary between the top cowl and the side cowl.

Abstract: An intake manifold is connected to a cylinder head, and extends backward therefrom. An injector is attached to either the cylinder head or the intake manifold. At least one of the cylinder head and the intake manifold includes a curve pipe portion shaped to curve backward from a lateral surface of the cylinder head. An injector is attached to the cylinder head at either an outer lateral surface of the curve pipe portion in a right-and-left direction of an outboard motor or a position located forward of the curve pipe potion.

Abstract: An intake manifold is connected to a cylinder of an engine, and extends backward from the cylinder. A throttle body is attached to the intake manifold. As seen in a plan view of an outboard motor, the throttle body is disposed backward of a head cover, while being disposed inward of a lateral end of the intake manifold in a right-and-left direction of the outboard motor.

Abstract: An intake manifold is connected to a cylinder head, and extends backward therefrom. An injector is attached to either the cylinder head or the intake manifold. At least one of the cylinder head and the intake manifold includes a curve pipe portion shaped to curve backward from a lateral surface of the cylinder head. An injector is attached to the cylinder head at either an outer lateral surface of the curve pipe portion in a right-and-left direction of an outboard motor or a position located forward of the curve pipe potion.

Abstract: An intake manifold is connected to a cylinder of an engine, and extends backward from the cylinder. A throttle body is attached to the intake manifold. As seen in a plan view of an outboard motor, the throttle body is disposed backward of a head cover, while being disposed inward of a lateral end of the intake manifold in a right-and-left direction of the outboard motor.

Abstract: A thermostat includes an annular flange extending in radial directions and surrounded by a cylindrical large-diameter portion of a housing inner surface, and a frame extending in axial directions from the flange. The thermostat further includes a sealing member that hermetically seals the gap between the flange and the inner surface. The sealing member includes an annular outer peripheral portion sandwiched in the axial directions by the inner surface and a thermostat cover inside the large-diameter portion, and a plurality of protruding portions extending outward in the radial directions from the outer peripheral portion toward the large-diameter portion. The thermostat is disposed inside a housing that defines a portion of a cooling water passage, and opens and closes the cooling water passage according to the temperature of cooling water inside the cooling water passage.

Abstract: An outboard motor includes an engine including a crankshaft that is rotatable about a rotation axis extending in an up-down direction, and a crank chamber that houses the crankshaft. The outboard motor includes an oil pan disposed under the engine to retain lubricating oil to be supplied to at least the crank chamber. The outboard motor includes an oil recovery passage and a first blowby gas passage separate from the oil recovery passage. The oil recovery passage extends downward from the crank chamber to the oil pan and is configured to lead lubricating oil inside the crank chamber to the inside of the oil pan. The first blowby gas passage extends downward from the crank chamber to the oil pan and is configured to lead a blowby gas inside the crank chamber to the inside of the oil pan.

Abstract: An engine includes a cylinder block including a plurality of cylinders disposed along a V-shaped line, a pair of exhaust manifolds disposed inside the V-shaped line, and an exhaust pipe disposed inside the V-shaped line. Each of the pair of exhaust manifolds includes a first passage that includes a plurality of inflow ports into which exhaust gases from the cylinders flow, a collecting portion at which exhaust gases are collected, and an exhaust port from which exhaust gases are discharged. The exhaust pipe includes a connection passage that includes a pair of intermediate inflow ports that are connected to the exhaust ports, at least one intermediate exhaust port from which exhaust gases are discharged. The connection passage is arranged to connect the pair of intermediate inflow ports and the at least one intermediate exhaust port.

Abstract: An outboard motor includes an engine including a crankshaft that is rotatable about a rotation axis extending in an up-down direction, and a crank chamber that houses the crankshaft. The outboard motor includes an oil pan disposed under the engine to retain lubricating oil to be supplied to at least the crank chamber. The outboard motor includes an oil recovery passage and a first blowby gas passage separate from the oil recovery passage. The oil recovery passage extends downward from the crank chamber to the oil pan and is configured to lead lubricating oil inside the crank chamber to the inside of the oil pan. The first blowby gas passage extends downward from the crank chamber to the oil pan and is configured to lead a blowby gas inside the crank chamber to the inside of the oil pan.

Abstract: A thermostat includes an annular flange extending in radial directions and surrounded by a cylindrical large-diameter portion of a housing inner surface, and a frame extending in axial directions from the flange. The thermostat further includes a sealing member that hermetically seals the gap between the flange and the inner surface. The sealing member includes an annular outer peripheral portion sandwiched in the axial directions by the inner surface and a thermostat cover inside the large-diameter portion, and a plurality of protruding portions extending outward in the radial directions from the outer peripheral portion toward the large-diameter portion. The thermostat is disposed inside a housing that defines a portion of a cooling water passage, and opens and closes the cooling water passage according to the temperature of cooling water inside the cooling water passage.

Abstract: A marine propulsion device includes an engine, an exhaust passage, a porous body, a retainer mat, and a stopper portion. The engine includes an exhaust port. The exhaust passage connects to the exhaust port. The porous body is disposed in the exhaust passage. The retainer mat covers the outside peripheral face of the porous body. The retainer mat retains the porous body. The stopper portion is disposed inside the exhaust passage. The stopper portion is disposed downstream of the porous body and spaced apart from a downstream-side end portion of the porous body. The stopper portion extends inwardly in the radial direction, past the outside peripheral surface of the porous body.

Abstract: An engine includes a cylinder block including a plurality of cylinders disposed along a V-shaped line, a pair of exhaust manifolds disposed inside the V-shaped line, and an exhaust pipe disposed inside the V-shaped line. Each of the pair of exhaust manifolds includes a first passage that includes a plurality of inflow ports into which exhaust gases from the cylinders flow, a collecting portion at which exhaust gases are collected, and an exhaust port from which exhaust gases are discharged. The exhaust pipe includes a connection passage that includes a pair of intermediate inflow ports that are connected to the exhaust ports, at least one intermediate exhaust port from which exhaust gases are discharged. The connection passage is arranged to connect the pair of intermediate inflow ports and the at least one intermediate exhaust port.

Abstract: An engine includes a cylinder block including a plurality of cylinders, an exhaust manifold, and an exhaust pipe. The exhaust manifold includes a first passage and a second passage. The first passage includes a plurality of first inflow ports into which exhaust gases flow from the plurality of cylinders, a first collecting portion that collects exhaust gases that have flowed into the plurality of first inflow ports, and a first exhaust port through which exhaust gases collected by the first collecting portion are discharged. The second passage includes a second inflow port into which exhaust gases flow and a second exhaust port through which exhaust gases that have flowed into the second inflow port are discharged. The exhaust pipe includes a connection passage through which the first exhaust port and the second inflow port are connected together.

Abstract: An outboard motor includes an engine, an exhaust manifold, and a lower exhaust passage. The engine includes a plurality of cylinders, and a plurality of exhaust ports. The cylinders are disposed in-line in a vertical direction. The exhaust ports are respectively connected to the cylinders. The exhaust manifold includes a first passage, a second passage, and a third passage. The first passage is connected to the exhaust ports, and extends in a vertical direction. The second passage is connected to the first passage. The third passage is connected to the first passage below the second passage. The lower exhaust passage is connected to the exhaust manifold, and provides a passage through which exhaust gas is expelled to the outside from the exhaust manifold. One of the second passage and the third passage is connected to the lower exhaust passage.

Abstract: An engine includes a cylinder block including a plurality of cylinders disposed along a V-shaped line, a pair of exhaust manifolds disposed inside the V-shaped line, and an exhaust pipe disposed inside the V-shaped line. Each of the pair of exhaust manifolds includes a first passage that includes a plurality of inflow ports into which exhaust gases from the cylinders flow, a collecting portion at which exhaust gases are collected, and an exhaust port from which exhaust gases are discharged. The exhaust pipe includes a connection passage that includes a pair of intermediate inflow ports that are connected to the exhaust ports, at least one intermediate exhaust port from which exhaust gases are discharged. The connection passage is arranged to connect the pair of intermediate inflow ports and the at least one intermediate exhaust port.