Abstract: An aqueous ink comprising water, a water-soluble organic solvent and at least two pigments. The aqueous ink is used together with a reaction liquid containing a reactive component that reacts with the aqueous ink to cause aggregation or gelation of the aqueous ink. The at least two pigments have a difference in precipitation value to the reaction liquid of 0.2 or less.

Abstract: An image-forming device includes, in an envelope, an electron-emitting element for emitting an electron by applying a voltage between electrodes, an image-forming member for forming an image by irradiation with an electron beam emitted from the electron-emitting element, and a supporting member for supporting the envelope. The supporting member has an electroconductive film at an end portion and a side portion thereof, and is electrically connected through the electroconductive film to the electrode.

Abstract: An aqueous ink comprising water, a water-soluble organic solvent and at least two pigments. The aqueous ink is used together with a reaction liquid containing a reactive component that reacts with the aqueous ink to cause aggregation or gelation of the aqueous ink. The at least two pigments have a difference in precipitation value to the reaction liquid of 0.2 or less.

Abstract: An aqueous ink, by which stable ink-jet recording can be conducted irrespective of printing environment, a substantially even image having abrasion resistance can be formed, no image soiling is caused even upon double-side printing, and a high-quality image improved in unclearness at a contour portion of the image and free from occurrence of color bleed can be provided, is provided. The aqueous ink is an aqueous ink used in a system that a reaction liquid containing at least a polyvalent metal and an aqueous ink containing at least a pigment dispersion, in which a pigment is dispersed with an anionic polymer dispersant, are used to form an image, wherein the aqueous ink satisfies specific condition.

Abstract: A reaction solution to be used for image recording with an ink containing a coloring material in a dissolved or dispersed state in order to achieve a high level of image density with stability, wherein the reaction solution contains a polyvalent metal ion and an organic solvent to destabilize the dissolved or dispersed state of the coloring material in the ink in contact with the ink, has a pH of 2 or higher, and has a buffering action for pH, wherein the buffering action means it can maintain pH variation within the range of 0.5 before and after the addition of 1.0 ml of a 0.1 N aqueous lithium hydroxide solution to 50 ml of the reaction solution.

Abstract: An image-forming device includes, in an envelope, an electron-emitting element for emitting an electron by applying a voltage between electrodes, an image-forming member for forming an image by irradiation with an electron beam emitted from the electron-emitting element, and a supporting member for supporting the envelope. The supporting member has an electroconductive film at an end portion and a side portion thereof, and is electrically connected through the electroconductive film to the electrode.

Abstract: A secondary battery exhibiting a long cycle life and comprising a negative pole activating material made of lithium or zinc is provided. The battery at least having a negative pole made of lithium or zinc serving as the negative pole activating material, an electrolyte (electrolytic solution), a separator, a positive pole made of a positive pole activating material, a collecting electrode and a battery case, wherein at least the surface of the negative pole is covered with a film having a structure which allows ions relating to the battery reactions to pass through. Since growth of dendrites of lithium or zinc at the time of charge can be prevented, short circuiting between the negative pole and the positive pole can be prevented. Therefore, the charge/discharge cycle life can significantly be lengthened.

Abstract: An image-forming device having, in an envelope, an electron-emitting element, an image-forming member for forming an image by irradiation of an electron beam emitted from the electron-emitting element, and an electroconductive supporting member for supporting the envelope. The potential of the supporting member is controlled to not be higher than the maximum potential applied to the electron-emitting element. The electron-emitting element and the image-forming member can be placed in juxtaposition on the same substrate, an electro-conductive substrate can be additionally provided in opposition to the face of the substrate, and the supporting member can be connected electrically to one of the electrodes and also to the electro-conductive substrate.

Abstract: A secondary battery exhibiting a long cycle life and comprising a negative pole activating material made of lithium or zinc is provided, the battery at least having a negative pole made of lithium or zinc serving as the negative pole activating material, an electrolyte (electrolytic solution), a separator, a positive pole made of a positive pole activating material, a collecting electrode and a battery case, wherein at least the surface of the negative pole is covered with a film having a structure which allows ions relating to the battery reactions to pass through. Since growth of dendrites of lithium or zinc at the time of charge can be prevented, short circuiting between the negative pole and the positive pole can be prevented. Therefore, the charge/discharge cycle life can significantly be lengthened.

Abstract: An aqueous ink, by which stable ink-jet recording can be conducted irrespective of printing environment, a substantially even image having abrasion resistance can be formed, no image soiling is caused even upon double-side printing, and a high-quality image improved in unclearness at a contour portion of the image and free from occurrence of color bleed can be provided, is provided. The aqueous ink is an aqueous ink used in a system that a reaction liquid containing at least a polyvalent metal and an aqueous ink containing at least a pigment dispersion, in which a pigment is dispersed with an anionic polymer dispersant, are used to form an image, wherein the aqueous ink satisfies specific condition.

Abstract: A reaction solution to be used for image recording with an ink containing a coloring material in a dissolved or dispersed state in order to achieve a high level of image density with stability, wherein the reaction solution contains a polyvalent metal ion and an organic solvent to destabilize the dissolved or dispersed state of the coloring material in the ink in contact with the ink, has a pH of 2 or higher, and has a buffering action for pH, wherein the buffering action means it can maintain pH variation within the range of 0.5 before and after the addition of 1.0 ml of a 0.1 N aqueous lithium hydroxide solution to 50 ml of the reaction solution.

Abstract: A reaction solution that is used for image recording with an ink containing a coloring material in a dissolved or dispersed state to destabilize the dissolved or dispersed state of the coloring material in the ink in contact with the ink to provide high quality and abrasion-resistant images, wherein the reaction solution contains at least a polyvalent metal ion and a nonionic polymer, the Ka value according to the Bristow method is from 1.3 mL·m?2·msec?1/2 to 3.0 mL·m?2·msec?1/2 inclusive, and the viscosity is from 20 mPa·s to 150 mPa·s inclusive.

Abstract: A reaction solution to be used for image recording with an ink containing a coloring material in a dissolved or dispersed state in order to achieve a high level of image density with stability, wherein the reaction solution contains a polyvalent metal ion and an organic solvent to destabilize the dissolved or dispersed state of the coloring material in the ink in contact with the ink, has a pH of 2 or higher, and has a buffering action for pH, wherein the buffering action means it can maintain pH variation within the range of 0.5 before and after the addition of 1.0 ml of a 0.1 N aqueous lithium hydroxide solution to 50 ml of the reaction solution.

Abstract: An ink set including a water-based ink containing a coloring material in a state dissolved or dispersed in an aqueous medium and a water-based reactive liquid containing a first component for insolubilizing or aggregating the coloring material in the ink by mixing with the water-based ink. The water-based reactive liquid contains a water-soluble high-molecular compound in a state dissolved therein. The water-based ink contains a second component, which is not insolubilized by the first component and the coloring material, in a state dissolved therein. The water-soluble high-molecular compound is not insolubilized by the first component and the coloring material but insolubilized by the second component.

Abstract: An image-forming device having, in an envelope, an electron-emitting element, an image-forming member for forming an image by irradiation of an electron beam emitted from the electron-emitting element, and an electroconductive supporting member for supporting the envelope (internally), comprises a means for controlling the potential of the supporting member to be not higher than the maximum potential applied to the electron-emitting element. The electron-emitting element and the image-forming member can be placed in juxtaposition on the same substrate, an electroconductive substrate can be additionally provided in opposition to the face of the substrate, and the supporting member can be connected electrically to one of said electrodes and also to the electroconductive substrate.

Abstract: An ink set comprises a water-based ink containing a coloring material in a state dissolved or dispersed in an aqueous medium and a water-based reactive liquid containing a first component for insolubilizing or aggregating the coloring material in the ink by mixing with the water-based ink. The water-based reactive liquid contains a water-soluble high-molecular compound in a state dissolved therein. The water-based ink contains a second component, which is not insolubilized by the first component and the coloring material, in a state dissolved therein. The water-soluble high-molecular compound is not insolubilized by the first component and the coloring material but insolubilized by the second component.

Abstract: A reaction solution that is used for image recording with an ink containing a coloring material in a dissolved or dispersed state to destabilize the dissolved or dispersed state of the coloring material in the ink in contact with the ink to provide high quality and abrasion-resistant images, wherein the reaction solution contains at least a polyvalent metal ion and a nonionic polymer, the Ka value according to the Bristow method is from 1.3 mL·m−2·msec−1/2 to 3.0 mL·m−2·msec−1/2 inclusive, and the viscosity is from 20 mPa·s to 150 mPa·s inclusive.

Abstract: A reaction solution to be used for image recording with an ink containing a coloring material in a dissolved or dispersed state in order to achieve a high level of image density with stability, wherein the reaction solution contains a polyvalent metal ion and an organic solvent to destabilize the dissolved or dispersed state of the coloring material in the ink in contact with the ink, has a pH of 2 or higher, and has a buffering action for pH, wherein the buffering action means it can maintain pH variation within the range of 0.5 before and after the addition of 1.0 ml of a 0.1 N aqueous lithium hydroxide solution to 50 ml of the reaction solution.

Abstract: An image-forming device having, in an envelope, an electron-emitting element, an image-forming member for forming an image by irradiation of an electron beam emitted from the electron-emitting element, and an electroconductive supporting member for supporting the envelope. The potential of the supporting member is controlled to not be higher than the maximum potential applied to the electron-emitting element. The electron-emitting element and the image-forming member can be placed in juxtaposition on the same substrate, an electro-conductive substrate can be additionally provided in opposition to the face of the substrate, and the supporting member can be connected electrically to one of the electrodes and also to the electro-conductive substrate.

Abstract: An ink jet recording method having steps of giving energy to ink, discharging the ink from a recording head and depositing the ink on a recording medium is provided. The ink contains a coloring material including at least self-dispersing carbon blacks and an aqueous medium and has potassium ions of 0.6% or more in a mass ratio with respect to the carbon blacks. The recording head includes a structural unit for discharging liquid droplets having a heating element for generating thermal energy for generating a bubble in a liquid; a discharge port for discharging the liquid; a liquid flow path communicating to the discharge port and having a bubble generation area; and a movable member to be displaced following growth of the bubble, and the ink is supplied to the liquid flow path and discharged from the discharge port by thermal energy from the heating element.