Abstract: An inhibitor switch is constructed such that a movable base 1 adapted to be rotatable in accordance with the transmission operating position of an automatic transmission device is supported rotatably by a cover body 2 and a pole base 3 having magnetic sensors 9. The movable base 1 is integrally formed with a yoke 5 through an injection molding method. The yoke 5 has folded sections 5c exposed to the upper surface of the movable base 1 and bottom pieces 5b for receiving the permanent magnets 4. Moreover, the yoke 5 is composed of a plurality of bottom pieces 5b connected with each other, and the folded sections 5c formed at each end of the bottom pieces 5c. With this construction, an inhibitor switch is provided with a low manufacturing cost.

Abstract: A back rest member pivotable frontwardly and rearwardly and lockable at a plurality of pivotal positions thereof is provided with a transmission route for transmitting an urging force to urge the back rest member frontwardly, and a break mechanism for breaking the transmission route when the back rest member is in front of a normal pivotal position thereof.

Abstract: A shift knob structure having a knob main body 1 formed by a skeleton 2 and a skin member 3 encapsulating over the skeleton 2. A switch 6 is provided on the knob main body 1. A conductor wire 7 is buried in the skeleton 2 and connected at one end to the terminal 6a of the switch 6. The skeleton 2 has a switch mounting portion 2f for mounting the switch 6 and a first support groove 2j formed in a bottom surface of the switch mounting portion 2f to insert therein the conductor wire 7. The skeleton 2 has a second support groove 2n formed in a lateral side thereof to insert therein the conductor wire 7. A press-fit hole 2k is formed open between the second support groove 2n and the first support groove 2j to pass the conductor wire 7 therethrough. As a result of this shift knob construction, the number of bend portions in a conductor wire is decreased, thereby reducing the number of fabricating processes and cost.

Abstract: The present invention realizes high-speed and stable controls irrespective of the characteristic perturbations accompanied with the variation in operation point of a plant. The principle of the invention is applied to slip control of a lock-up clutch of a transmission and to idling engine speed control. A plant input calculation unit OC working as a controller recognizes an actual plant plus a characteristic compensator CC as an augmented plant EOB. The characteristic compensator CC compensates for the characteristic perturbations of the augmented plant EOB accompanied with the variation in operation point, so that the augmented plant EOB always works at a design point with respect to the plant input calculation unit OC working as the controller. The characteristic compensator CC compensates for frequency-dependent gain and phase deviations through filter operations and for a stationary gain deviation by multiplying predetermined constants.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a lock-up clutch between pump and turbine impellers in a fluid-filled power transmitting device of a motor vehicle, such that a slip control device controls the actual slip speed of the lock-up clutch so as to coincide with a transient target slip speed, the apparatus including a device for calculating a final target slip speed of the lock-up clutch which assures a maximum fuel economy of the vehicle during a steady-state running, a device for setting, as an initial value of the transient target slip speed, a difference between the speeds of the pump and turbine impellers immediately before an operation of the slip control device is initiated, and a device for reducing the transient target slip speed toward the final target slip speed at a rate which decreases as the transient target slip speed approaches the final target slip speed.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a lock-up clutch between pump and turbine impellers in a fluid-filled power transmitting device of a motor vehicle, such that a slip control device controls the actual slip speed of the lock-up clutch so as to coincide with a transient target slip speed, the apparatus including a device for calculating a final target slip speed of the lock-up clutch which assures a maximum fuel economy of the vehicle during a steady-state running, a device for setting, as an initial value of the transient target slip speed, a difference between the speeds of the pump and turbine impellers immediately before an operation of the slip control device is initiated, and a device for reducing the transient target slip speed toward the final target slip speed at a rate which decreases as the transient target slip speed approaches the final target slip speed.

Abstract: A clutch slip control device includes: a slip revolution speed detecting circuit for detecting an actual slip revolution speed of a clutch; a memory unit for storing constants set to satisfy response and stability of a feedback control system of the slip conditions, the constants being determined by a high-order function approximating variation in input-output frequency characteristics of a plant input for actuating the clutch and the actual slip revolution speed; a first calculation circuit for calculating a first parameter using the constants stored in the memory unit, the first parameter discretely reflecting past data of the plant input, which are obtained in a current feedback control cycle through in a cycle executed a plurality of times before; a second calculation circuit for calculating a second parameter using the constants stored in the memory unit, the second parameter discretely reflecting past data of a deviation of the actual slip revolution speed from a target slip revolution speed, which are

Abstract: An ink jet printer is featured by pinch rollers disposed so as to be in contact with the printed surface of a printed recording sheet to press the printed recording sheet against an ejecting roller in contact with the non-printed surface of the printed recording sheet to advance the printed recording sheet to an ejecting unit, cleaning members disposed in contact respectively with the respective circumferences of the pinch rollers to remove the ink adhering to the circumferences of the pinch rollers, and a holding member detachably holding the cleaning members on one side of the holding member so as to be in contact through an opening with the pinch rollers on another side of the holding member at a specified pressure. The cleaning members can be easily replaced with new ones without requiring special skill.

Abstract: The present invention realizes high-speed and stable controls irrespective of the characteristic perturbations accompanied with the variation in operation point of a plant. The principle of the invention is applied to slip control of a lock-up clutch of a transmission and to idling engine speed control. A plant input calculation unit OC working as a controller recognizes an actual plant plus a characteristic compensator CC as an augmented plant EOB. The characteristic compensator CC compensates for the characteristic perturbations of the augmented plant EOB accompanied with the variation in operation point, so that the augmented plant EOB always works at a design point with respect to the plant input calculation unit OC working as the controller. The characteristic compensator CC compensates for frequency-dependent gain and phase deviations through filter operations and for a stationary gain deviation by multiplying predetermined constants.

Abstract: An apparatus including a slip control device for controlling an amount of slip of a lock-up clutch disposed between pump and turbine impellers in a power transmission system of a motor vehicle, such that an actual slip speed of the lock-up clutch coincides with a target slip speed, the apparatus comprising a hunting detecting device for determining the presence of a hunting defect if an amplitude of variation of the engine speed is larger than a predetermined first reference while an amplitude of variation of the turbine speed is not larger than a predetermined second reference.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a lock-up clutch between pump and turbine impellers in a fluid-filled power transmitting device of a motor vehicle, such that a slip control device controls the actual slip speed of the lock-up clutch so as to coincide with a transient target slip speed, the apparatus including a device for calculating a final target slip speed of the lock-up clutch which assures a maximum fuel economy of the vehicle during a steady-state running, a device for setting, as an initial value of the transient target slip speed, a difference between the speeds of the pump and turbine impellers immediately before an operation of the slip control device is initiated, and a device for reducing the transient target slip speed toward the final target slip speed at a rate which decreases as the transient target slip speed approaches the final target slip speed.

Abstract: An apparatus including a slip control device for controlling an amount of slip of a lock-up clutch disposed between pump and turbine impellers in a power transmission system of a motor vehicle, a slip-parameter monitoring device for detecting the actual slip speed of the lock-up clutch or a control error between actual and target slip speeds of the lock-up clutch, a summing device for obtaining a sum of values of the actual slip speed or control error detected by the slip-parameter monitoring device for a predetermined period of time, and a defect detecting device for determining the presence or absence of a defect in slip control of the lock-up clutch by the slip control device, on the basis of the sum as compared with a predetermined reference.

Abstract: A slip control apparatus for a fluid-operated lock-up clutch in a power transmitting system of a motor vehicle, wherein the amount of slip of the lock-up clutch is controlled such that the actual slip speed of the clutch coincides with a target value. The apparatus includes a device for establishing a restricted slip control mode if the vehicle running condition upon detection of a judder of the clutch is in a first area in which the clutch is likely to experience the judder. In the restricted slip control mode, the slip control of the clutch is inhibited while the vehicle running condition is in the first area, but is permitted while the vehicle running condition is in a second area in which the clutch is unlikely to experience the judder. The first and second areas of the vehicle running conditions are defined by parameters such as engine load or throttle valve opening and temperature of an oil used for operating the clutch.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a motor vehicle, including a fuel cutting device for cutting a fuel supply to an engine while a throttle valve is placed in an engine idling position, a clutch control device for effecting partial or full engagement of a lock-up clutch disposed in parallel with a fluid-filled power transmitting device while the throttle valve is placed in the engine idling position, an automatic cruising control device for controlling the throttle valve so that the vehicle runs at a substantially constant speed, and a restricting device for restricting or inhibiting the engagement of the lock-up clutch by the clutch control device while the throttle valve is controlled by the automatic cruising control device.

Abstract: A slip control apparatus for a lock-up clutch in a power transmitting device of a motor vehicle equipped with a fuel-cut device for cutting a fuel supply to an engine when the engine speed is higher than a predetermined value, the apparatus including (a) a slip control device for controlling the lock-up clutch such that the actual slip speed coincides with a target slip speed, (b) a detector for detecting deceleration following acceleration of the vehicle, and (c) a timing control device for commanding the slip control device to initiate a slip control operation upon detection of the vehicle deceleration, and inhibiting the fuel-cut device from initiating a fuel-cut operation for a predetermined delay time after the initiation of the slip control operation. For controlling the lock-up clutch, the slip control means produces a slip control output determined on the basis of a feedback control value and a feed-forward control value.

Abstract: A clutch slip control device includes: a slip revolution speed detecting circuit for detecting an actual slip revolution speed of a clutch; a memory unit for storing constants set to satisfy response and stability of a feedback control system of the slip conditions, the constants being determined by a high-order function approximating variation in input-output frequency characteristics of a plant input for actuating the clutch and the actual slip revolution speed; a first calculation circuit for calculating a first parameter using the constants stored in the memory unit, the first parameter discretely reflecting past data of the plant input, which are obtained in a current feedback control cycle through in a cycle executed a plurality of times before; a second calculation circuit for calculating a second parameter using the constants stored in the memory unit, the second parameter discretely reflecting past data of a deviation of the actual slip revolution speed from a target slip revolution speed, which are

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a lock-up clutch between pump and turbine impellers in a power transmitting system of a motor vehicle, including a slip control device for controlling the amount of slip of the lock-up clutch, and a judder detector for detecting a judder of the lock-up clutch based on the number of detected speed variations of the turbine impeller during slip control of the lock-up clutch by the slip control device, wherein the judder detector is inhibited from using a variation of the turbine impeller speed variation for the detection of the judder, if the amount of change of the variation amplitude is larger than a predetermined threshold or if the period of the variation is outside a predetermined range.

Abstract: An apparatus including a slip control device for controlling an amount of slip of a lock-up clutch disposed between pump and turbine impellers in a power transmission system of a motor vehicle, a slip-parameter monitoring device for detecting the actual slip speed of the lock-up clutch or a control error between actual and target slip speeds of the lock-up clutch, a summing device for obtaining a sum of values of the actual slip speed or control error detected by the slip-parameter monitoring device for a predetermined period of time, and a defect detecting device for determining the presence or absence of a defect in slip control of the lock-up clutch by the slip control device, on the basis of the sum as compared with a predetermined reference.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the amount of slip of a lock-up clutch between pump and turbine impeller of a torque converter or other fluid-filled power transmitting device in a motor vehicle, the lock-up clutch including a piston which is operated by a pressure difference between pressures in two oil chambers on the opposite sides of the piston, and the apparatus including a slip control device for controlling the lock-up clutch according to a slip control output such that the actual slip of the lock-up clutch coincides with a target slip speed, and an output oscillating device for oscillating the slip control output to oscillate the pressure difference without vibrating the piston.

Abstract: An area machining method capable of generating tool paths with no insufficient cut portion. First, a part profile contour indicating a profile contour for area machining and various machining conditions such as tool radius, depth of cut and the like are preset. Then the outmost offset contour and other subsequent offset contours are obtained, the outmost offset contour being offset along the part profile contour by an amount of the sum of a tool radius and finishing allowance, and the other subsequent offset contours being offset repeatedly from the outmost offset contour in sequence by an amount of depth of cut in the inside direction. Next, contours of insufficient cut portions which are produced between adjacent offset contours are obtained. Subsequently, tool paths each of which connects between offset contours and between an offset contour and a corresponding insufficient cut portion contour are outputted.